The PCMC Journal An Official Publication of the Philippine Children’s Medical Center EDITORIAL STAFF Welcome to the second issue of The PCMC EDITORIAL STAFF Editor Journal for 2019! Paul Matthew D. Pasco, MS, MSc As you have noticed, we have now migrated to Associate Editorial Board the digital realm. We hope this will vastly Maria Eva I. Jopson, MD improve access of the wider public to the Gloria Baens Ramirez, MD Ma. Lucila M. Perez, MD important research studies being produced by Maria Luz U. del Rosario, MD our trainees and staff. Staff We are now hopefully well on the way to being Ruel R. Guirindola Manuel R. Acosta accredited by Western Pacific Region Index Medicus (WPRIM) and thus being indexed in this Adviser important online database of medical literature. Julius A. Lecciones, MD, PhD, DPA, CESO III PHILIPPINE CHILDREN’S MEDICAL CENTER May you have a meaningful holiday season! MANAGEMENT STAFF JULIUS A. LECCIONES, MD, PhD, DPA, CESO III Executive Director VICENTE PATRICIO R. GOMEZ, MD Deputy Executive Director for Hospital Support Services AMELINDA S. MAGNO, RN, MAN, PhD Deputy Executive Director for Nursing Services MARY ANN C. BUNYI, MD Deputy Executive Director for Education, Training and Research Services SONIA B. GONZALEZ, MD Deputy Executive Director for Medical Services MARY GRACE E. MORALES, MPA Officer-In-Charge, Human Resource Management Division MARIA EVA I. JOPSON, MD Department Manager, Clinical Research Department SHEILA ANN D. MASANGKAY, MD Officer-In-Charge, Education Training Department MARICHU D. BATTAD, MD Department Manager, Surgical Services Department MARIA ROSARIO S. CRUZ, MD Officer-In-Charge, Allied Medical Department MICHAEL M. RESURRECCION, MD Officer-In-Charge, Medical Services Department ERMENILDA L. AVENDAÑO, MD Division Head, Child Neuroscience Division JULIUS A. LECCIONES, MD Division Head, Cancer and Hematology Division CHARITO D. CORPUZ, MD Division Head, Neonatology Division ERLINDA SUSANA S. CUISIA-CRUZ, MD Division Head, Adolescent Medicine Division MEADINA G. CRUZ, MD Officer-In-Charge, Pediatric Critical Care Division MARIA INA P. BUNYI, MD Officer-In-Charge, Medical Internal Systems Specialists Division CECILIA O. GAN, MD Division Head, General Pediatric Services Division TERESITA JOY P. EVANGELISTA, MD Division Head, Rehabilitation Division MARIO E. SARMENTA, MD Division Head, Radiology Division ANNA MARIA C. DIMANLIG, DMD Division Head, Pediatric Dentistry Division The PCMC Journal An Official Publication of the Philippine Children’s Medical Center CONTENTS The Use of Preprocedure Ultrasound as an Adjunct to Lumbar Epidural Anesthesia in Parturients: A Randomized Control Trial...........…………………….…...……1 Jose Paulo Z. Aliling, MD, Aida Z. Cristobal, MD Utility of Urine KOH in Detecting Candidura in Infants............................……….…………8 Mark Joseph S. Castellano, MD, Mary Antonette C. Madrid, MD Survival of Filipino Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Diagnosed in a Tertiary Referral Center for Childhood Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study………………. …………………….….………………….....20 Trixy G. Chu, MD, Arden Mae S. Shiu, MD, Ma. Beatriz P. Gepte, MD, Ma. Cecilia Leongson-Cruz, MD Bronchodilator Challenge Test Using the Tidal Rapid Thoraco-Abdominal Compression Technique among Infants Aged 6-24 Months with Recurrent Wheezing………………………………….………………………………...35 Ma. Lallaine G. Columna, MD, Cristan Q. Cabanilla, MD Comparison of the Anxiety Levels in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and their Well Siblings Using the Child Drawing : Hospital Manual. ……………………………………..……………………………………..45 Efraim P. Culminas, MD, Angie Sievert-Fernandez, PhD Michael M. Resurreccion, MD Clinical Efficacy of Chlorhexidine 0.12% Spray versus Chlorhexidine Mouth Rinse on Plaque Control and Gingival Health in Healthy Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial ….....……………….………...………..57 Malin A. Mandanas, DMD, Karyl Grace E. Bautista, DMD A Comparison Between Penlight and Otoscopic Examination of the Ear Canal and Tympanic Membrane among Grade 1 Students..……………………..……..65 May Cristine L. Obana, MD, Cecilia Gretchen Navarro-Locsin, MD Maria Rina Reyes-Quintos, MD The Efficacy of Single Dose Intravenous Dexamethasone vs Placebo Combined with Caudal Block on Postoperative Analgesia in Children Undergoing Outpatient Urologic Surgery: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Study…..………………………………..……..72 Sheila Bianca M. Santy, MD, Marichu D. Battad, MD Janette F. Pascual, MD Instructions to Authors: The Philippine Children’s Medical Center Journal (PCMC Journal) is a peer-reviewed journal that is published bi-annually and publishes original scientific papers in the field of basic and clinical pediatric research. The articles it accepts for publication may be in the form of collective and current reviews, original papers, case reports, lectures, essays, editorials, abstracts or letters to the editor. The peer review process being followed is the conventional double-blind type done internally. All published researches were approved by the PCMC Institutional Research – Ethics Committee (IR-EC). All manuscripts, correspondence and editorial business should be sent to PCMC Journal, Clinical Research Department, Philippine Children’s Medical Center, Quezon Ave., Quezon City. Manuscripts are received with the understanding that they are not under simultaneous consideration by another publisher. Accepted manuscripts become the permanent property of the Journal and may not be republished without permission from the Editor. These manuscripts are subject to editorial modifications to bring them in conformity with the style of the journal. Statements or views expressed by an author or authors are not the responsibilities of the editor or publisher. Cover Letter A covering letter must accompany all manuscripts with one author designated as correspondents, providing his complete address, telephone number, e-mail address and fax number. In order for a manuscript to be considered, reviewed or edited, the following statement must be signed by all the authors: “I/We have been sufficiently involved in this work to take public responsibility for its validity and final presentation as an original publication. Whenever applicable, there should also be a written declaration that the article had written informed consent for publication from the involved subject/s, had conformed to ethical standards, and/or had been reviewed by the appropriate ethics committee. The transmittal letter must include the statement “This paper has not been published and is not under simultaneous consideration for publication elsewhere. I/We hereby confer all copyright ownership/s to the PCMC Journal in the event that this work is published in this journal.” General Guidelines 1. One original and two duplicate manuscripts should be submitted. An electronic copy must also be submitted by e-mail to [email protected]. The manuscript should be typed double-spaced throughout with 1 ¼ cm ( ½ inch) paragraph indentation, using only one side of each 22x28 cm (8 ½ x 11 inch) opaque bond paper with 3-cm margins (1 ¼ inch) all around. Preferred font styles and sizes are: Times New Roman 12, Arial 11, Tahoma 11, & Verdana 11. 2. The manuscript should be arranged in sequence as follows: (1) Title Page (2) Abstract (3) Text (4) References (5) Tables (6) Figures & Illustrations. A manuscript for an original article should not exceed 25 typewritten pages (including tables, figures, illustrations and references). The text for case reports should not exceed 10 pages, including the visual aids and references. 3. References should be selective and pertain directly to the work being reported. 4. All the sheets of the manuscript should be labelled with the family name of the main/ first author (all in capital letters) and page number (in Arabic Numeral) printed on the upper right corner. Title Page 1. The title should be as concise as possible. Include only the full names of the authors directly affiliated with the work starting with the first name, middle initial if any, and last name. The highest educational attainment or title of the authors should be included as an attachment whenever appropriate; name and location of no more than three institutional affiliations may be included. 2. If the paper has been presented in a scientific in a scientific program or convention, provide a footnote giving the name, location and the date of the meeting. Abstract For original articles, the abstract should contain no more than 200 words and should have a structured format consisting of the objective, methodology, results and conclusion. For case reports, the abstract should be from 50 to 75 words and need not be structured. At least 3 keywords, preferably using terms from the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) list of Index Medicus, should be listed horizontally under the abstract for cross-indexing of the article. Text 1. Generally, the text should be organized consecutively as follows: Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results and Discussion (and Conclusion). 2. All References, tables, figures and illustrations should be cited in the text, in numerical order. 3. Even if commonly employed, all abbreviations should be spelled out once, the first time they are mentioned in the text, followed by the abbreviations enclosed in parentheses. Subsequently, the same abbreviations may be used instead of the long names. 4. All measurements and weights should be in System International (SI) units. 5. Acknowledgements to individuals/groups of persons, or institution/s should be included