previous page 143 SHARKS Paragaleus pectoralis (Garman, 1906) HEMIGALEIDAE yellow bands Synonyms : Paragaleus gruveli Budker, 1935. FAO names : En - Atlantic weasel shark; Fr - Milandre jaune; Sp -Tiburón comadreja. Size : 140 cm, common to 80 cm. Fishing gear : longlines, hook-and-line, secondary cusps bottom set gillnets, bottom trawls. Habitat : coastal waters to 100 m depth. Loc.name(s) : mouth short upper and lower teeth (left side) underside of head LAMNIDAE Carcharodon carcharías (Linnaeus, 1758) very small spiracle very small FAO names : En - Great white shark; Fr - Grand requin blanc; Sp - Jaquetón blanco. Size : to 640 cm, maybe to 800 cm, common to 400 cm. gill slits long prominent keel Fishing gear : longlines, hook-and-line, bottom set gillnets, drift gillnets. Habitat : coastal and offshore waters, often entering shallow bays. anterior intermediate lateral posterior Loc.name(s) : anterior lateral posterior underside of head teeth of left side snout long and pointed very small Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque, 1809 FAO names : En - Shortfin mako; Fr - Taupe bleu; Sp - Marrajo dientuso. prominent keel Size : 400 cm, common to 270 cm. as long as head Fishing gear : drifting longlines, gillnets, hook-and-line. Habitat : oceanic in surface waters, down to anterior intermediate lateral posterior at least 152 m. Loc.name(s) : underside of head position of teeth anterior lateral posterior teeth of left side 144 SHARKS Isurus paucus Guitart Manday, 1966 rounded LAMNIDAE very small Synonyms : Isurus alatus Garrick, 1966; ?Lamiostoma belyaevi GIikman, 1964. FAO names : En - Longfin mako; Fr - Petit taupe; Sp - Marrajo carite. Size : 417 cm, common to 250 cm. Fishing gear : drifting longlines, hook-and- line, gillnets. anterior intermediate lateral posterior Habitat : oceanic. pectoral Loc.name(s) : fin long anterior lateral posterior teeth of left side LEPTOCHARIIDAE slightly smaller Leptocharias smithii (Müller & Henle, 1839) than first dorsal fin snout long FAO names : En - Barbeled houndshark; Fr - Emissole à grandes lèvres; Sp - Tiburón barbudo. Size : about 80 cm. strongly Fishing gear : hook-and-line, bottom set gillnets, asymmetric bottom trawls. Habitat : in coastal waters, common around river barbel long, mouths, to 75 m depth. slender Loc.name(s) : very long upper lateral tooth underside of head SCYLIORHINIDAE dark spots equal, rounded Galeus polli Cadenat, 1959 Synonyms : ? Pristiurus atlanticus Vaillant, 1888. FAO names : En - African sawtail catshark; Fr - Chien râpe; Sp - Pintarroja africana. eyes elongate, bases very long Size : 90 cm, common to 50 cm. lateral angular Fishing gear : bottom trawls, bottom set nets. Habitat : demersal between 200 and 270 m depth. Loc.name(s) : dorsal view of head underside of head 145 SHARKS Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, 1758) numerous dark brown and SCYLIORHINIDAE often white round spots FAO names : En - Smalispotted catshark; Fr - Petite roussette; Sp - Pintarroja. Size : 100 cm, common between 60 and 70 cm. Fishing gear : bottom and pelagic trawls, bases very long bottom set nets. eyes elongate, dorsal Habitat : coastal waters on sandy or nasal flap muddy bottoms to 400 m depth. Loc.name(s) : lower labial furrows underside of head Scyliorhinus cervigoni Maurin & Bonnet, 1970 dark spots large and tew FAO names : En - West African catshark; Fr - Roussette thalassa; Sp - Alitán africano, Size : to about 76 cm. Fishing gear : bottom and pelagic trawls, bottom set nets. anterior nasal flaps reaching Habitat : demersal between 45 and 500 m body tapering strongly totail mouth depth, on the continental shelf and upper slope, on rocky and muddy bottoms. Remarks : this species has been confused with S. stellaris. Loc.name(s) : underside of head Scyliorhinus stellaris (Linnaeus, 1758) rather large dark spots FAO names : En - Nursehound; Fr - Grande roussette; Sp - Alitán. Size : 162 cm, common to about 125 cm, eyes Fishing gear : bottom trawls, bottom set elongate, nets. lateral anterior nasal flap Habitat : common on hard bottoms in coastal waters to 63 m depth. Loc.name(s) : underside of head dorsal view of head 146 SHARKS median indentation SPHYRNIDAE Sphyrna couardi Cadenat, 1950 wide hind border of eye FAO names : En - Whitefin hammer- head; Fr - Requin-marteau aile blanche; Sp - Cornuda aliblanca. narrow Size : to about 300 cm. underside of head Fishing gear : no information available. Habitat : pelagic in coastal waters. Loc.name(s) : Sphyrna lewini (Griffith & Smith, 1834) narrow Synonyms : Sphyrna diplana Springer, 1941. FAO names : En - Scalloped hammerhead; wide Fr - Requin-marteau halicorne; Sp - Cornuda común. underside of head Size : 420 cm, common to 300 cm. Fishing gear : pelagic longlines, bottom set longlines, bottom set nets, bottom and pelagic trawls. Habitat : estuaries and coastal waters. Loc.name(s) : margin nearly straight apart from median indentation Sphyrna mokarran (Rüppell, 1837) FAO names : En - Great hammerhead; Fr - Grand requin-marteau; Sp - Cornuda gigante. Size : at least to 550 cm, common to 400 cm. underside of head Fishing gear : longlines, hook-and-line, pelagic and bottom trawls, bottom set nets. Habitat : coastal and offshore waters. Loc.name(s) : concave 147 SHARKS no indentation SPHYRINIDAE Sphyma zygaena (Linnaeus, 1758) FAO names : En - Smooth hammerhead; Fr - Requin-marteau commun; Sp - Cornuda cruz. underside of head Size : 400 cm. Fishing gear : drifting longlines, handlines, bottom trawls. Habitat : littoral and coastal waters. Loc.name(s) : SQUALIDAE Centrophorus granulosus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) lateral view FAO names : En - Gulper shark; Fr - Squale- no cusp chagrin commun; Sp - Quelvacho. dermal dentides Size : 150 cm, common to 80 cm. Fishing gear : bottom trawls, hook-and-line. Habitat : benthic. Loc.name(s) : cusp Centrophorus lusitanicus Bocage & Capello, 1864 lateral view FAO names : En - Lowfin gulper shark; Fr – Squale- chagrin à longue dorsale; Sp - Quelvàcho lusitanico. dermal denticles 1st dorsal fin long and narrow Size : at least 160 cm, common to 100 cm. higher Fishing gear : bottom nets, bottom set nets, hook- and-line. Habitat : benthic in deep waters. Loc.name(s) : Centrophorus squamosus (Bonnaterre, 1788) lateral view FAO names : En - Leafscale gulper shark; Fr - Squale- chagrin de l'Atlantique; Sp - Quelvacho negro. Size : to at least 158 cm. dermal denticles Fishing gear : bottom trawls, line gear, bottom set nets. Habitat : deep waters from 400 to 500 m. Loc.name(s) : 148 SHARKS SQUALIDAE lateral view Centrophorus uyato (Rafinesque, 1810) FAO names : En - Little guiper shark; Fr - Petit squale-chagrin; Sp - Galludito. dermal denticles Size : to about 100 cm, common to 80 cm. Fishing gear : bottom trawls, bottom set nets, hook-and-line. Habitat : from 50 to 1400 m depth. Loc.name(s) : Centroscyllium fabricii (Reinhardt, 1825) FAO names : En - Black dogfish; Fr - Aiguillat noir; Sp - Tollo negro merga. Size : at least 84 cm. Fishing gear : bottom trawls, line gear. underside of head larger than 1st dorsal fin Habitat : deep waters, from 180 to 1600 m depths. Loc.name(s) : Centroscymnus coelolepis Bocage & Capello, 1864 FAO names : En - Portuguese dogfish; Fr - Pailona commun; Sp - Pailona. Size : 114 cm, common to 95 cm. dermal denticle Fishing gear : bottom trawls, deepwater set nets, line gear. underside of head very small spines Habitat : from 270 to 3600 m depth; common on the upper continental slope. Loc.name(s) : Centroscymnus crepidater (Bocage & Capello, 1864) FAO names : En - Longnose velvet dogfish; Fr - Pailona à Ion nez; Sp - Sapata negra. dermal denticles Size : 114 cm, common to 95 cm. Fishing gear : bottom trawls, deepwater set spines very small nets, line gear. underside of head Habitat : from 270 to 3600 m depth; common on the upper continental slope. Loc.name(s) : next page.