Implementation of the Strategic Action Plan for the Rehabilitation and Protection of the Black Sea 2002 – 2007 A report by the Commission on the Protection of the Black Sea Against Pollution i ii Table of Contents Table of Contents .....................................................................................................................ii Table of Figures......................................................................................................................vii 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................... 2 2. Challenges ...................................................................................................................... 3 3. The Basis for Cooperative Action................................................................................ 6 Principles................................................................................................................................... 6 Wider Cooperation .............................................................................................................. 12 4. Policy Actions............................................................................................................... 15 Reduction of Pollution ............................................................................................................ 15 Land based sources of pollution.......................................................................................... 15 Rivers.....................................................................................................................................15 Airborne pollution.................................................................................................................17 High priority point sources....................................................................................................17 Regulation of point sources...................................................................................................19 Vessel sources pollution........................................................................................................20 Pollution from dumping....................................................................................................... 22 Waste management.............................................................................................................. 22 Transboundary movement of hazardous wastes.................................................................. 23 Contingency Planning and emergency response................................................................. 23 Assessment and monitoring of pollutants ............................................................................ 25 Living resources management............................................................................................. 27 Biological Diversity Protection........................................................................................... 29 Protection of Habitats and Landscapes............................................................................... 30 Sustainable Human Development........................................................................................ 32 Integrateg coastal zone managmenet and sustainable tourism........................................... 32 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................. 35 Eutrophication..................................................................................................................... 37 Microbiological and Chemical Pollution............................................................................ 38 Biodiversity change, including alien species....................................................................... 41 Living Resources Decline .................................................................................................... 42 ANNEXES and APPENDIXES............................................................................................. 46 Annex I. Basis for Cooperative Measures.......................................................................... 47 I.1. Conventions to which the Black Sea States Are Contracting Parties (Ref. websites of Conventions)........................................................................................................................ 48 IMO Conventions................................................................................................................... 1 1.3.1. Strategic Partnership in the Black Sea Region ........................................................... 4 1.3.2. GEF/UNDP Black Sea Environmental Recovery Project: Pilot Projects and key achivements in 2002-2007 (see the Final Report of BSERP)............................................... 5 1.3.2.1. Key achievements...................................................................................................... 5 1.3.2.2. GEF/UNDP BSERP Small Grants Projects in 2002-2007 (BSERP Final Report) ....6 1.3.3. GEF/UNIDO (National Reporting, BSIS) ................................................................. 13 ii 1.3.4. The Danube Black Sea Task Force (DABLAS): Development of Investement projects, June 2004-October 2007 ..................................................................................................... 13 Romania: ...............................................................................................................................13 Bulgaria:................................................................................................................................13 Turkey: ..................................................................................................................................13 Russia: ...................................................................................................................................13 Ukraine:.................................................................................................................................13 1.3.5. World Bank (http://web.worldbank.org/) and EBRD Projects.................................. 16 1.3.6. EC FP and other Scientific Projects (National reporting, BSIS).............................. 19 1.3.7. Other EC projects, including TACIS/EuropeAid....................................................... 20 1.3.8. World Wildlife Fund .................................................................................................. 25 1.3.9. River Basin Programs ............................................................................................... 26 Bulgaria .................................................................................................................................26 Georgia..................................................................................................................................26 Romania.................................................................................................................................26 Russia ....................................................................................................................................27 Turkey ...................................................................................................................................27 Ukraine..................................................................................................................................27 1.3.10. Implemented and running activities related to Marine Litter problem (example from Bulgaria, Marine Litter Report, http://www.blacksea-commission.org/) ........................... 27 1.3.11. Wetlands International Black Sea office projects.................................................... 28 1.4 Information Policy of the BSC (http://www.blacksea-commission.org/main.htm) ....... 30 I.5. Black Sea Publications...................................................................................................... 1 1.6. Socio-economic indicators ................................................................................................. 8 1.7. List of BSC Regional Guidelines/Manuals ...................................................................... 11 1.7.1. Harmonization of biological methodologies ............................................................. 11 1.7.2. Environmental Safety Aspects of Shipping ................................................................ 11 Annex II. Policy Actions ....................................................................................................... 12 II.1. Policy issues/Regulations ................................................................................................ 13 Cross-sectoral legislation.................................................................................................... 13 Chemical pollution .............................................................................................................. 18 Nutrient over-enrichment/eutrophication............................................................................ 25 Fisheries .............................................................................................................................. 30 Biodiversity and habitat changes ........................................................................................ 32 Sectoral policies .................................................................................................................