E3S Web of Conferences 235, 02027 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123502027 NETID 2020 Research on the Transformation and Upgrading of Xinjiang Jujube Industry in the Context of “Silk Road Economic Belt” Bai Xiao1,a , Kong Na2,b , Zhang Rong3,c 1 Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Xinjiang Vocational and Technical College of Communications, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China 2 Science and Technology Project Service Center, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China 3 Faculty of Transportation and Management, Xinjiang Vocational and Technical College of Communications, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China Abstract. Jujube planting in Xinjiang, China began in 1985, and then entered the rapid development stage of planting. By 2012, Xinjiang became the main jujube producing area in China. Due to its geographical advantage, jujube in Xinjiang, China is of high quality and has become another agricultural product with Chinese Xinjiang characteristics. However, jujube production in China has declined since 2013.Although China’s Xinjiang planting area is still expanding, the price of jujube has been affected by a significant decline, and has been maintained at a low level in recent years. Farmers' income has decreased, and the bottleneck of jujube industry development has become prominent. Therefore, industrial transformation and upgrading is imminent. This paper combines in-depth analysis of jujube related data from 2007 to 2016, finds out the existing problems, and proposes the path for the transformation and upgrading of the jujube industry in Xinjiang, China. It aims to break through the bottleneck of jujube industry development and promote the healthy development of the industry. encountered bottlenecks. The existing research on Jujube 1 Introduction mainly focuses on: Jujube information system design [1], Jujube industry supply chain management [2].Innovation The “Silk Road Economic Belt” strategy was proposed by research on marketing channel model [3], development President Xi Jinping during his visit to Kazakhstan in status and variety selection of jujube industry [4-5], quality September 2013.With its unique geographical location, and safety of red jujube [6], opportunities and challenges Xinjiang has a core position in the Silk Road Economic of Xinjiang red jujube in the context of the New Silk Road Belt. The Central European - Urumqi Assembly Center Economic Belt [7], Research on the transformation and operates three Central European trains every day. The upgrading of Xinjiang jujube industry [8].Most of the number of Central European trains starting from Xinjiang existing research is focused on the planting and sales of has reached 20, reaching 26 cities in 19 countries in Central Jujube. There are few studies on the path of Xinjiang's Asia and Europe. In the whole year of 2018, a total of 1,000 Jujube' industrial transformation and upgrading from the China-Europe trains were launched. At present, the perspective of the overall development of the industry. assembly center has cooperated with 82 import and export Therefore, combining the background of the Silk Road enterprises inside and outside Xinjiang to establish a cargo Economic Belt and the analysis of the current state of alliance. The supply of trains has spread to more than ten jujube industry development in Xinjiang, this paper provinces and cities such as Guangzhou, Zhejiang, Sichuan, proposes the path of Xinjiang jujube industry and Shandong. The convenience of transportation has transformation and development from the perspective of undoubtedly brought great convenience to the overall industrial development. transportation of various agricultural products in Xinjiang. In recent years, Xinjiang has mainly formed jujube varieties such as Jun jujube, gray jujube, pear jujube, 2 Current Development of The Jujube winter jujube, and other representative jujube varieties in Industry in Xinjiang,China in The various regions, including Hami jujube in Hami region, Context of Silk Road Economic Belt jujube in Hotan region, and Aksu region, grey jujube, winter dates, gray dates in Ruoqiang County, and gray 2.1 Introduction to the Plantation of Jujubes in jujube in Qiemo area. Hami and Aksu’s jujube have been China approved as GI products. In recent years, jujube prices have been sluggish, many areas have reduced planting area, and many farmers have reduced planting investment due to 2.1.1 Changes of the Overall Output of Jujube in cost issues. The development of the jujube industry has China a41468463@ qq.com [email protected] [email protected] © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). E3S Web of Conferences 235, 02027 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123502027 NETID 2020 It can be seen from Figure 1 that the output of jujube in other production areas in China’s total output has 1973 was 395,765 tons, and the output of jujube in 2016 decreased. The production area in Hebei decreased from was 8.24 million tons, which was 20.82 times that in 36.54% to 16.85%, the production area in Shandong 1973.The jujube output has developed rapidly after steady decreased from 23.49% to 12.87%, the production area in growth. From 1973 to 1993, the output of jujube Henan decreased from 15.20% to 3.98%, and the developed steadily. In 1993, the output of jujube was 1.32 production area in Shanxi basically maintained about times that of 1973; from 1993 to 2013, the output of jujube 9%.The area rose from 6.81% to 10.08%, and the increased rapidly. In 2013, output was 12 times that of production area in Gansu rose from 1.21% to 2.03%. 1993, and from 2016 to 20 times that of 1993.Judging As can be seen from Figures 2 and 3, the main planting from the output trend, it is a continuous rise, but it has areas of jujube in China are concentrated in Xinjiang, begun to slow down in 2017. Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Gansu. From 1973 to 2016, the output of major jujube producing Entire areas in China is shown in Table 1.It can be seen from country Table 1 that Xinjiang started to introduce jujube planting in 1985, with a slow increase in the early stage, and entered a period of rapid development in 2005.In 2008, the production of jujube in Xinjiang began to increase exponentially. In 2012, Xinjiang surpassed the largest Jujube planting area in China-Hebei Producing Area in Fig1. Changes of Output of Jujubes in China one fell swoop. As of 2016, Xinjiang produced 3.62 Data Sources: Department of Crop Management, Ministry of Agriculture million tons of jujube, accounting for 40% of China’s total jujube output. In other production areas, the contraction period began in 2009, and the output growth rate was 2.1.2 Changes in the Output at Main Producing small or basically maintained at the output level in 2009, Areas in China and even the output of some provinces decreased. Jujube related statistics began in 1973.Jujube’s main producing areas are Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Shanxi, 2.2 Current Development of the Jujube Industry Shaanxi and other places. Jujube production accounts for in Xinjiang more than 90% of China’s total output (see Figure 2 for details). Xinjiang's main jujube producing area is located in the southern Xinjiang region south of the Tianshan Mountains. It has a continental climate, with long winters, severe cold, and short summers and hot summers. The climate is dry, with abundant light and heat, and sparse precipitation, because it is far from the ocean and surrounded by high mountains. With Tianshan as the boundary, the differences between the northern and southern Xinjiang are obvious. Northern Xinjiang has a temperate continental arid and semi-arid climate, and southern Xinjiang has a warm temperate continental arid climate. The average annual Fig2. Proportion of Jujube in China in 1973 (%) temperature in northern Xinjiang is -4 to 9 ° C, the annual As of 2016, jujube is mainly produced in Xinjiang, precipitation is above 150 to 200 mm, and the annual frost- Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and other free period is 140 to 185 d; the annual average temperature places. Jujube output accounts for 95% of China's total in southern Xinjiang is 7 ~ 14 , the annual precipitation jujube output (see Figure 3 for details). ℃ is 25 ~ 100 mm, and the annual frost-free period is 180 ~ 220 d. The southern Xinjiang climate is suitable for jujube production, so the jujube industry in this area has developed rapidly. 2.2.1 Jujube Plantation Area in Xinjiang Xinjiang's jujube has entered a period of rapid expansion since 2007.Xinjiang's main producing areas are concentrated in the Kashgar region, Aksu region, Fig3. Proportion of Jujube in China in 2016 (%) Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture region, From the changes in Figure 2 to Figure 3, it can be seen Hotan region, and Turpan and Hami regions in northern that the jujube industry in Xinjiang has developed from Xinjiang. There are many varieties of jujube planted in scratch. In the end, Xinjiang has rapidly developed into a Kashi region, and the area is relatively large. There is no major jujube production area, accounting for 40% of specific jujube variety planted. The planting area has China’s total jujube output in 2016.Due to the huge expanded rapidly from 22823 hectares in 2007 to 150555 increase in jujube output in Xinjiang, the proportion of hectares in 2016.The second is Aksu region. Jujube is 2 E3S Web of Conferences 235, 02027 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123502027 NETID 2020 mainly planted with gray jujube and jujube. It is mainly Production and Construction Corps is located in Bachu concentrated in Alar.