The University of Dodoma University of Dodoma Institutional Repository http://repository.udom.ac.tz Social Sciences Master Dissertations 2014 Factors influencing teacher turnover in public Secondary schools in Monduli district. Ezekiel, Elias The University of Dodoma Ezekiel, E. (2014). Factors influencing teacher turnover in public Secondary schools in Monduli district (Masters dissertation). The University of Dodoma, Dodoma http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12661/1870 Downloaded from UDOM Institutional Repository at The University of Dodoma, an open access institutional repository. FACTORS INFLUENCING TEACHER TURNOVER IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN MONDULI DISTRICT By Elias Ezekiel Dissertation Submitted In Partial Fulfilment of The Requirements For The Degree of Master of Public Administration of the University of Dodoma. The University of Dodoma October, 2014 CERTIFICATION The undersigned certifies that he has read and hereby recommends for acceptance by the University of Dodoma a dissertation entitled: “Factors Influencing Teacher Turnover in Public Secondary Schools in Monduli District” in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Public Administration of the University of Dodoma. ........................................................ Prof. Peter Kopoka (SUPERVISOR) Date……………………………………… i DECLARATION AND COPYRIGHT I, Elias Ezekiel declare that this dissertation is my own original work and that it is has not been presented and will not be presented to any other University for a similar or any other degree award. Signature...................................... No part of this dissertation may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means without prior written permission of the University of Dodoma. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, my deepest thanks to the Supreme God for supporting my life and strengthening me accomplish this study. The process of writing this study has needed considerable assistance and understanding from many people. My sincere and axiomatic gratitude to my supervisor Professor Peter Anthony Kopoka from the Department of Political Science and Public Administration who played a fundamental role in this study. Furthermore, he greatly supported me in this study and was always there when I needed him, giving me valuable advice and encouragement. Deeply engaged, Professor Peter Anthony Kopoka has nourished and reinforced my research by his vigorous ideas in this domain. Moreover, my deepest thanks go to Professor David Mwamfupe the Dean of College of Humanities and Social Sciences who have helped clarify and straighten out a number of points and contributed constructive views. Other people have been instrumental in realising this dissertation in its actual and morphological form. Meanwhile, my specific thanks for some of the most valuable criticism, advice, and encouragement which came from fellow students during my studies. Furthermore, I extend my gratitude to my parents, Mr and Mrs Ezekiel Dawwi, who provided not only financial support but also moral support during my life particularly during this hard period with many trials while conducting the MA study. Likewise I express my deepest thanks to my friends Manonga, Marseli, Mukulu, Karau and James for providing me with advice and encouragement during the period of conducting this study. My truthful gratitude flow to Dr. Husein Sinda and Dr. Mark Paul Diyammi for their support and guidance they accorded me during my study since they adequately guided and equipped me with both theoretical and practical skills. Eventually, I recognize the iii contribution of my respondents to the success of the study through their valuable responses. iv DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my parents: Ezekiel and Esther Dawwi for their financial and moral support in my study. v ABSTRACT The study focused on factors influencing teacher turnover in public secondary schools in Monduli district. The study particularly sought to investigate factors influencing teacher turnover, impact of teacher turnover and strategies to retain. This study therefore investigated the factors responsible for this revolving door also called teacher turnover in public secondary schools in Monduli District. A sample size of 66 respondents was employed so as to get relevant and reliable information concerning to the study and probability and non probability sampling procedures was utilized to get this sample. Primary data and secondary data were utilized whereby social survey and interview used as method of data collection. Also questionnaire and interview schedule were utilized to get primary data. Data analysis was employed both qualitative and quantitative; whereby SPSS Version 16 also employed. The findings revealed that, there are lack of motivation, poor working conditions, poor pay, poor management or supervision which were categorized under factors significantly influencing teacher turnover in public secondary schools in Monduli District. Lastly, the study findings also demonstrate that factors like better pay elsewhere, low status of the teaching profession and competitive conditions elsewhere also brought about teacher turnover. The study recommends that all stakeholders especially policy makers and government should consider putting in place policies and strategies that will attract and retain teachers to ensure better retention rates for the good of the whole education system in Monduli District and Tanzania as a whole. Thus, the Government must therefore pay teachers well; provide them with economic incentives, and involve them in decision making. These can motivate teachers to stay in public secondary schools in Monduli District. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATION ................................................................................................................ i DECLARATION AND COPYRIGHT ............................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................ iii DEDICATION ..................................................................................................................... v ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................ vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................... vii LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................................... xiii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ......................................................... xiv CHAPTER ONE .................................................................................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION TO THE STUDY .............. 1 1.0 An Overview ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background to the Problem ........................................................................................ 1 1.2. Statement of the Problem............................................................................................ 3 1.3 Objectives of the Study ............................................................................................... 4 1.3.1 Main Objective ........................................................................................................... 4 1.3.2 Specific Objectives ..................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Research Questions ..................................................................................................... 5 1.5 Significance of the Study ............................................................................................ 5 1.6 Limitations of the Study ............................................................................................. 6 1.7 Scope and Organization of the Study ......................................................................... 6 1.8 Summary ..................................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER TWO ................................................................................................................. 8 LITERATURE REVIEW .................................................................................................... 8 2.0 Introduction................................................................................................................. 8 2.1 Definitions of Concepts and Terms ............................................................................ 8 2.1.1 Teacher Turnover........................................................................................................ 8 2.1.2 Motivation................................................................................................................... 9 2.1.3 Public Secondary Schools........................................................................................... 9 2.1.4 Labour Turnover in Tanzania ................................................................................... 10 2.2.0 Theoretical Literature Review .................................................................................. 10 vii 2.2.1 Economic Model ....................................................................................................... 11 2.2.2 Hertzberg‟s