Draft Feasibility-Level Engineering Report Continued Phased Development of the Columbia Basin Project – Enlargement of the East Low Canal and Initial Development of the East High Area Odessa Subarea Special Study Columbia Basin Project, Washington U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Technical Service Center October 2010 Mission Statements The mission of the Department of the Interior is to protect and provide access to our Nation’s natural and cultural heritage and honor our trust responsibilities to Indian Tribes and our commitments to island communities. The mission of the Bureau of Reclamation is to manage, develop, and protect water and related resources in an environmentally and economically sound manner in the interest of the American public. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION Technical Service Center Denver, Colorado Draft Feasibility-Level Engineering Report Continued Phased Development of the Columbia Basin Project – Enlargement of the East Low Canal and Initial Development of the East High Area Odessa Subarea Special Study Columbia Basin Project, Washington __________________________________________________ ______________ Paul M. Ruchti, P.E. Date Design Team Leader, Plant Structures Group (86-68120) ______________________________________________ ______________ Alfred I. Bernstein, P.E. Date Peer Reviewer, Plant Structures Group (86-68120) REVISIONS Team Peer Date Description Leader Reviewer Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronyms and Abbreviations ºF degree Fahrenheit AASHTO American Association of Highway Transportation Officials ACC Groundwater – Expansion APS Allowance for Procurement Strategies ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials AWWA American Water Works Association b bottom width of canal BRBC Black Rock Branch Canal Cv gallons per minute that cause 1 psi loss through a fully open valve CBP Columbia Basin Project CMP corrugated metal pipe CRBG Columbia River Basalt Group CRI MOU Columbia River Initiative Memorandum of Understanding D inner diameter of pipe work (feet) DEIS Draft Environmental Impact Statement ea each ECBID East Columbia Basin Irrigation District Ecology Washington State Department of Ecology EG engine generator e.g. abbreviation for a Latin expression meaning “for example” etc. abbreviation for a Latin expression meaning "and other things" or "and so on" EHC East High Canal i Draft Engineering Technical Odessa Subarea Special Study EIS environmental impact statement El. elevation ELC East Low Canal ES Executive Summary ESA Endangered Species Act EQU Equation – survey terminology f friction factor FDR Franklin Delano Roosevelt ft feet ft/s feet per second ft2/s square feet per second ft2 square feet ft3 cubic feet ft3/s cubic feet per second ft3/ ft2/day cubic feet per square feet per day G groundwater g acceleration due to gravity (ft/s²) gpm gallons per minute gpm/acre gallons per minute per acre hf hydraulic headloss (feet) H head, feet HDPE high-density polyethylene HEP Habitat Evaluation Procedure HVAC heating, ventilating, and air conditioning I-90 Interstate Highway 90 ii Acronyms and Abbreviations K loss coefficient based on velocity head (V2/2g) kV kilovolt kVA kilovolt Ampere L length of pipe work (feet) LRFD Load and Resistance Factor Design M moment magnitude MP most probable MPH most probable high MPL most probable low MVA Mega Volt Ampere n coefficient of roughness NAD83 North American Datum 1983 NAVD29 North American Vertical Datum 1929 NAVD88 North American Vertical Datum 1988 NEPA National Environmental Policy Act NMFS National Marine Fisheries Service Odessa DEIS Odessa Subarea Special Study Draft Environmental Impact Statement Odessa Subarea Odessa Ground Water Management Subarea O&M Operations and Maintenance OM&R operation, maintenance, and replacement PASS Project Alternative Solution Study PC point of curvature PGA peak horizontal ground acceleration PMF Probable Maximum Flood PMT Project Management Team iii Draft Engineering Technical Odessa Subarea Special Study POU Point of Use PRV Pressure Reducing Valve PSHA Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis psi Pounds per square inch psig Pounds per square inch guage PT Point of Tangency PVC Polyvinyl chloride Q Flow rate, cubic feet per second r hydraulic radius or wetted perimeter Reclamation Bureau of Reclamation S surface water SA Spectral acceleration SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition SCBID South Columbia Basin Irrigation District Secretary Secretary of the Interior SF-6 sulfur hexafluoride Sta station State State of Washington Study Odessa Subarea Special Study TAPS Computer software “Transient Analysis of Pipe Systems” TDH Total Design Head TDHMax Maximum Total Design Head TEFC Totally-enclosed fan-cooled TEWAC Totally-enclosed water-to-air cooled TRS Township/Range/Section iv Acronyms and Abbreviations V Velocity of fluid (feet/second) WDFW Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife WDOT Washington State Department of Transportation WP1 Weather Protected 1 WR2 Mass Moment of Inertia, Weight of revolving parts and the square of the radius of gyration WSC water service contract WSCG water service contract with groundwater backup yd3 Cubic yards YFB Yakima Fold Belt v Executive Summary Executive Summary The Odessa Subarea Special Study (Study) is investigating replacing groundwater currently used for irrigation in the Odessa Ground Water Management Subarea with surface water as part of continued phased development of the Columbia Basin Project (CBP). The aquifer is declining to such an extent that crop irrigation is at risk, and domestic, commercial, municipal, and industrial uses and water quality are also threatened. In response to the public’s concern about the declining aquifer and associated economic and other effects, Congress has funded the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) to investigate the problem. The State of Washington has partnered with Reclamation by providing funding and collaborating on various technical studies. Potential Actions Reclamation can only deliver water to lands authorized to receive CBP water. Up to 140,000 groundwater-irrigated acres in the Study area are eligible to receive CBP surface water. To develop comprehensive alternatives, the Study divided actions into: Water Delivery Alternatives. Water delivery alternatives consist of infrastructure such as canals, pipe laterals, pumping plants, and re-regulation reservoirs to convey and deliver surface water to the groundwater-irrigated lands. The alternatives involve either building a new East High Canal system, expanding and extending the existing East Low Canal system, or various combinations of the two systems. Water Supply Options. Water supply options consist of new or existing storage facilities in various combinations that could store the replacement surface water supply for use in the Odessa Subarea. The alternatives can be combined in various configurations for full operational alternatives, which would include both water delivery and storage. Several water supply options may be needed to provide sufficient water supply for an alternative. Water Delivery Alternatives Three water delivery alternatives were examined: Alternative 1—No Action. The No Action Alternative is a requirement of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) process. This report does not discuss this alternative since no engineering work was completed for this alternative. vii Draft Engineering Technical Odessa Subarea Special Study Alternative 2—Partial-Replacement Alternative. The Partial-Replacement Alternative includes enlarging the existing East Low Canal south of Interstate Highway 90 (I-90) and constructing a 2.5-mile extension1 of the canal east toward Connell, Washington. This alternative includes constructing pumping plants and buried pipelines to deliver the water to the irrigated fields. Alternative 3—Full-Replacement Alternative. The Full-Replacement Alternative involves constructing the northern portion of a new East High Canal system (sized to 15-percent of the capacity of the original feasibility plan) and siphons and tunnels (sized to 100-percent of that capacity); enlarging the existing East Low Canal sections south of Weber Branch Siphon (near I-90); and constructing a 2.5-mile extension east towards Connell, Washington. Table ES.1 shows the amount of water needed for each alternative and the number of acres that each alternative would supply. Table ES- 1. Feasibility Alternatives and Estimated Water Supply Needs Estimated Water Estimated Groundwater- Alternative Supply Needs irrigated Lands to be (Acre-Feet) Supplied Water (Acres) 1 0 0 2 176,343 57,000 3 347,137 102,600 Water Supply Options Reclamation would need to divert additional Columbia River water greater than current CBP diversions to provide a replacement water supply for groundwater irrigation in the Study area. Reclamation has a 1938 “withdrawal” which set aside water to irrigate the remaining authorized acres of the CBP. However, Reclamation would need to comply with the NEPA, the Endangered Species Act (ESA), and other regulatory requirements and procedures before it could divert additional Columbia River water. 1 The Odessa Draft Environmental Impact Statement (Draft EIS) indicates that the extension of the existing East Low Canal is 2.1 miles. This number is based on early engineering designs. The 2.5 miles indicated in this report reflects actual engineering layouts of the canal extension utilizing the latest topographic survey information. The additional 0.4 mile extension of the East Low Canal