LLC "The United water Supply Company of Georgia" Project on the Construction and Operation of Kutaisi Wastewater Treatment Plant Environmental Impact Assessment Report Urban Services Improvement Investment Program of Georgia Funded by: Government of Georgia Kocks Consult GmbH Stegemannstr. 32-38 D-56068 Koblenz Tel.: +49 261 1302-0 Fax: +49 261 1302-400 E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: www.kocks-ing.de Page 1 of 186 LLC "The United water Supply Company of Georgia" Project on the Construction and Operation of Kutaisi Wastewater Treatment Plant Environmental Impact Assessment Report Prepared by: Tomas Buti Consulting Firm "Kocks Consulting" Page 2 of 186 Table of Contents 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 7 1.1 General Overview ............................................................................................................................................ 7 1.2 Basis for Preparation of EIA Report ................................................................................................................ 8 1.3 Objectives of EIA ............................................................................................................................................. 8 2. Legal and Administrative Aspects ............................................................................................ 8 2.1 Law of Georgia on Environmental Protection ................................................................................................ 8 2.2 National Environmental Standards ................................................................................................................. 9 2.3 International Agreements .............................................................................................................................. 10 3. Project Implementation Alternatives ..................................................................................... 11 3.1 No Action Alternative .................................................................................................................................... 11 3.2 WWTP Location Alternatives ....................................................................................................................... 12 3.3 Technological Alternatives of the Wastewater Treatment Process ............................................................ 12 4. Description of Selected Project Alternative ........................................................................... 13 4.1 General Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 13 4.2 Project Criteria ............................................................................................................................................... 18 4.2.1 The Dynamic of Population Growth and Service Area ........................................................................... 18 4.2.2 Growth Dynamic of the Demand on Water Consumption ..................................................................... 19 4.2.3 Wastewater Flow ....................................................................................................................................... 19 4.2.4 Design Loads .............................................................................................................................................. 21 4.2.5 Wastewater Pollutant Standard ................................................................................................................ 21 4.3 Project decisions and Treatment Process ...................................................................................................... 21 4.3.1 General Overview ...................................................................................................................................... 21 4.3.2 Water Inlet ................................................................................................................................................. 23 4.3.3 Wastewater Treatment .............................................................................................................................. 25 4.3.3.1 Wastewater Treatment Technology ................................................................................................. 27 4.3.4 Sediment (sludge) Processing .................................................................................................................... 29 4.3.4.1 Sludge Disposal after Dewatering ..................................................................................................... 31 4.3.5 Biogas Collection Ways ............................................................................................................................. 32 4.4 Organization of Construction Works ............................................................................................................ 32 4.4.1 General Overview ...................................................................................................................................... 32 4.4.2 Preparation Works ..................................................................................................................................... 33 4.4.2.1 Cleaning the Area from Waste and Vegetation ............................................................................... 33 4.4.2.2 Topsoil Removal/Storage .................................................................................................................. 33 4.4.2.3 Construction Camp ........................................................................................................................... 34 4.4.2.4 Power Supply .................................................................................................................................... 34 4.4.2.5 Water Supply and Wastewater ......................................................................................................... 35 4.4.3 Recultivation Works .................................................................................................................................. 35 4.5 Working Mode and the Staff ......................................................................................................................... 36 4.6 Fire-fighting Measures ................................................................................................................................... 36 5. Description of Baseline Condition of the Environment ........................................................ 36 5.1 General Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 36 5.2 Description of Physical and Geographic Environment ................................................................................ 37 5.2.1 Climate and Meteorological Conditions ................................................................................................... 37 5.2.1.1 Temperature ...................................................................................................................................... 38 5.2.1.2 Air Humidity ..................................................................................................................................... 39 5.2.1.3 Precipitation ...................................................................................................................................... 39 5.2.1.4 Wind Features ................................................................................................................................... 39 5.2.2 Geological Environment ............................................................................................................................ 40 5.2.2.1 Geomorphology ................................................................................................................................. 40 5.2.2.2 Geological Structure .......................................................................................................................... 41 5.2.2.3 Engineering-geological Survey Results of WWTP Area ................................................................. 42 Page 3 of 186 5.2.2.3.1 Engineering-geological Survey Methods .................................................................................... 42 5.2.2.3.2 Description of the Basic Rocks of the Study Area ...................................................................... 42 5.2.2.4 Hydrogeology .................................................................................................................................... 43 5.2.2.5 Seismic Conditions ............................................................................................................................ 44 5.2.2.6 Geological Hazards ............................................................................................................................ 45 5.2.3 Hydrology .................................................................................................................................................. 45 5.2.4 Soils ............................................................................................................................................................. 46 5.2.5 Biological Environment ............................................................................................................................