A CLASSIFICATION OF RECENT MAMMALS ClassifiCation Common name(s) ClassifiCation Common name(s) subclass Prototheria Order Scandentia (20 species) Order Monotremata (5 species) Family Tupaiidae...................Tree shrews Family Tachyglossidae ...........Echidnas, spiny anteaters Ptilocercidae ..................Pen-tailed tree shrew Ornithorhynchidae .........Duck-billed platypus Order Dermoptera (2 species) subclass theria Family Cynocephalidae .........Colugos Infraclass Metatheria (Marsupialia) Order Primates (376 species) Order Didelphimorphia (87 species) Family Cheirogaleidae ...........Dwarf lemurs Family Didelphidae ..............Opossums Lemuridae......................Lemurs Order Paucituberculata (6 species) Lepilemuridae ................Sportive lemurs Family Caenolestidae ............Rat opossums Indriidae ........................Wooly lemurs, sifakas, indri Order Microbiotheria (1 species) Daubentoniidae .............Aye-aye Family Microbiotheriidae ......Monito del monte, llaca Lorisidae ........................Lorises, pottos Order Notoryctemorphia (2 species) Galagidae .......................Bushbabies, Galagos Family Notoryctidae .............Marsupial “mole” Tarsiidae .........................Tarsiers Order Dasyuromorphia (71 species) Cebidae .........................New World monkeys Family Thylacinidae ..............Thylacine (extinct) Aotidae ..........................Night monkeys Myrmecobiidae ..............Numbat Pitheciidae .....................Titi, uracari, saki monkeys Dasyuridae .....................Dasyures, quolls, Atelidae ..........................Howler, spider, wooly antechinuses, dunnarts, monkeys Tasmanian devil Cercopithecidae .............Old World monkeys, Order Peramelemorphia (21 species) baboons Family Thylacomyidae ..........Bilbys Hylobatidae ...................Gibbons, Siamang Chaeropodidae ...............Pig-footed Bandicoot Hominidae .....................Gorilla, chimpanzees, Peramelidae ....................Bandicoots orangutans Order Diprotodontia (143 species) Order Rodentia (2277 species) Family Phascolarctidae ..........Koala Family Aplodontiidae ...........Mountain beaver Vombatidae ....................Wombats Sciuridae ........................Squirrels Phalangeridae .................Cuscuses, phalangers Gliridae ..........................Dormice Burramyidae ...................Pygmy possums Castoridae ......................Beavers Pseudocheiridae .............Ringtailed possums Geomyidae .....................Pocket gophers Petauridae ......................Gliders, striped possums Heteromyidae ................Kangaroo rats, pocket mice Tarsipedidae ...................Honey possum, noolbenger Dipodidae ......................Jumping mice, jerboas Acrobatidae ....................Feathertail possum, Platacanthomyidae .........Tree mice feathertail glider Spalacidae ......................Zokors, bamboo rats, mole Hypsiprymnodontidae ...Musky-rat kangaroo rats Potoroidae ......................Rat kangaroos, bettongs Calomyscidae .................Calomyscus Macropodidae ................Kangaroos, wallabies Nesomyidae ...................Pouched rats, climbing mice, Infraclass Eutheria (Placentalia) swamp mouse, fat mice, Order Afrosoricida (51 species) Malagasy rats, mice Family Tenrecidae .................Tenrecs, otter shrews Cricetidae ......................Voles, lemmings, other New Chrysochloridae .............Golden moles World Rats, mice Order Macroscelidea (15 species) Muridae .........................Old world rats, mice Family Macroscelididae .........Elephant shrews Anomaluridae ................Scaly-tailed flying squirrels Order Tubulidentata (1 species) Pedetidae .......................Springhaas, springhare Family Orycteropodidae .......Aardvark Ctenodactylidae .............Gundis Order Hyracoidea (4 species) Bathyergidae ..................Mole-rats Family Procaviidae ................Hyraxes Hystricidae .....................Old World porcupines Order Proboscidea (3 species) Petromuridae..................Dassie rat Family Elephantidae .............Elephants Thryonomyidae ..............Cane rats Order Sirenia (5 species) Erethizontidae ................New World porcupines Family Dugongidae ...............Dugongs, sea cows Chinchillidae .................Chinchillas, vizcachas Trichechidae ...................Manatees Dinomyidae ...................Pacarana Order Cingulata (21 species) Caviidae .........................Capybara, cavies, maras, Family Dasypodidae .............Armadillos Guinea pigs Order Pilosa (10 species) Dasyproctidae ................Agoutis, acouchis Family Bradypodidae ............Three-toed tree sloths Cuniculidae ...................Pacas Megalonychidae .............Two-toed tree sloths Ctenomyidae..................Tuco-tucos Cyclopedidae .................Silky anteater Octodontidae .................Degus, rock rats, Myrmecophagidae ..........Giant anteater, tamanduas viscacha-rats Continued on the inside back cover A CLASSIFICATION OF RECENT MAMMALS Continued from inside front cover ClassifiCation Common name(s) ClassifiCation Common name(s) Order Rodentia (2277 species) continued... Order Perissodactyla (17 species) Abrocomidae .................Chinchilla rats Family Equidae.....................Horses, asses, zebras Echimyidae ....................Spiny rats, bamboo rats, Tapiridae ........................Tapirs tree-rats Rhinocerotidae ...............Rhinoceroses Capromyidae..................Hutias Order Artiodactyla (240 species) Heptaxodontidae............Hutias (extinct) Family Suidae .......................Swine Myocastoridae ................Coypu Tayassuidae ....................Peccaries, javelinas Order Lagomorpha (92 species) Hippopotamidae ............Hippopotami Family Ochotonidae .............Pikas Camelidae ......................Camels, llamas Leporidae .......................Rabbits, hares Tragulidae ......................Chevrotains Order Erinaceomorpha (24 speceis) Moschidae .....................Musk deer Family Erinaceidae ...............Hedgehogs Cervidae ........................Deer Order Soricomorpha (428 species) Antilocapridae ................Pronghorns Family Nesophontidae ..........Nesophontes (extinct) Giraffidae .......................Giraffe, okapi Solenodontidae ..............Solenodons Bovidae ..........................Antelope, bison, cattle, goats, Soricidae ........................Shrews sheep, etc. Talpidae .........................Moles Order Cetacea (84 species) Order Chiroptera (1116 species) Family Balaenidae .................Right whales Family Pteropodidae .............Old World fruit bats, Balaenopteridae ..............Rorquals flying foxes Eschrichtiidae ................Gray whale Rhinolophidae ...............Horseshoe bats Neobalaenidae ...............Pygmy right whale Hipposideridae ...............African leaf-nosed bats Delphinidae ...................Ocean dolphins Megadermatidae .............False vampire bats Monodontidae ...............Narwhal, beluga Rhinopomatidae .............Mouse-tailed bats Phocoenidae ..................Porpoises Craseonycteridae ............Kitti’s hog-nosed bat Physeteridae ...................Sperm whales Emballonuridae ..............Sac-winged bats Platanistidae ...................Ganges and Indus river Nycteridae .....................Hollow-faced bats, dolphins slit-faced bats Iniidae ...........................Baiji, Franciscana, Amazon Myzopodidae .................Sucker-footed bat river dolphin Mystacinidae ..................Short-tailed bats Ziphiidae ........................Beaked whales Phyllostomidae...............Leaf-nosed bats Mormoopidae ................Mustached bats Noctilionidae .................Bulldog bats Furipteridae ...................Smoky bats Thyropteridae.................Disk-winged bats Natalidae .......................Funnel-eared bats Molossidae .....................Free-tailed bats Vespertilionidae ..............Evening bats, common bats Order Pholidota (8 species) Family Manidae ..............Pangolins Order Carnivora (286 species) Family Felidae ......................Cats Viverridae .......................Civets, linsangs, genets Eupleridae .....................Malagasy civets and mongooses Nandiniidae ...................African palm civet Herpestidae ....................Mongooses, meerkat Hyaenidae ......................Hyenas, aardwolf Canidae .........................Wolves, foxes, jackals Ursidae ..........................Bears, giant panda Otariidae ........................Eared seals, fur seals, sea lions Odobenidae ...................Walrus Phocidae ........................Earless seals Mustelidae .....................Weasels, badgers, otters Mephitidae.....................Skunks Procyonidae ...................Raccoons, ringtail cats, coatis Ailuridae ........................Red panda.