THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOLOGIC MAPPING FOR GROUNDWATER APPLICATIONS WORKSHOP EXTENDED ABSTRACTS Denver, Colorado – 27 October 2007 Convenors: L. Harvey Thorleifson, Minnesota Geological Survey Richard C. Berg, Illinois State Geological Survey Hazen Russell, Geological Survey of Canada 2007 Annual Meeting Geological Society of America Denver, Colorado MINNESOTA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY St. Paul — 2007 Open-File Report 07-4 Speakers Program Start Speaker Title 08:00 INTRODUCTION 08:10 Turner A Review of Geological Modeling 08:30 Rivera Groundwater Modelling: From Geology to Hydrogeology 08:50 Soller The Development of Standards for 3D Geoscience Map Information – What’s Necessary? 09:10 Keefer A Framework and Methods for Characterizing Uncertainty in Geologic Maps 09:30 Knight The use of Ground-Penetrating Radar Data in the Development of Facies-Based Hydrogeologic Models 09:50 Discussion 10:10 BREAK 10:30 Moran Intrinsic and Extrinsic Chemical and Isotopic Tracers for Characterization of Groundwater Systems 10:50 Bradbury Evaluation of a Bedrock Aquitard for Regional- and Local-Scale Groundwater Flow 11:10 Kessler Recent Developments in the Direct Coupling of GSI3D Geological Models with BGS Groundwater Modelling Software ZOOM 11:30 Gunnink 3D Modeling of Geology for Groundwater Application in The Netherlands 11:50 Discussion 12:10 LUNCH 12:50 Venteris 3-D Modeling of Glacial Stratigraphy Using Public Water Well Data, Geologic Interpretation, and Geostatistics 13:10 Tremblay Quaternary Sequence Grid-Based Hydrostratigraphic 3D Modelling by the Relative Method, Châteauguay River Watershed, Quebec 13:30 Troost Geodatabase and High-Resolution Geologic Mapping in The Puget Lowland, Washington 13:50 Burt New Products and Advancements in 3-D Modelling Protocols Based on Studies in Thick Drift Areas in Ontario, Canada 14:10 Ross Geomodels as a Key Component of Environmental Impact Assessments of Military Training Ranges in Canada 14:30 Macfarlane Practical Saturated Thickness: a More Realistic Measure of Groundwater Availability In Heterogeneous Aquifers 14:50 BREAK 15:10 Morin What The Earth Scientist can Learn From the Public’s Difficulty to Understand What We Have To Say 15:30 Russell Web Based Mapping: The Public Demand for Data Standards, Data Accessibility and Visualization 15:50 Allison Geoinformatics - What We Need To Do To Accelerate Web Accessibility 16:10 Jackson So Where Do We Go From Here? 16:30 Discussion 17:00 ADJOURN THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOLOGIC MAPPING FOR GROUNDWATER APPLICATIONS WORKSHOP EXTENDED ABSTRACTS ii Recommended citation Thorleifson, L.H., Berg, R.C., and., Russell, H.A.J., 2007, Three-dimensional geologic mapping for groundwater applications: Minnesota Geological Survey, Open-File Report 07-4, 92 p. Minnesota Geological Survey 2642 University Ave. W. St. Paul, MN USA 55114-1057 Telephone: 612-627-4780 Fax: 612-627-4778 Email address: [email protected] Illinois State Geological Survey Department of Natural Resources 615 East Peabody Drive Champaign, IL 61820-6964 Geological Survey of Canada 601 Booth Street Ottawa, ON K1A 0E8 © 2007 by the Regents of the University of Minnesota All rights reserved. Available from Minnesota Geological Survey 2642 University Ave. W. St. Paul, MN USA 55114-1057 Web site: http://www.geo.umn.edu/mgs Open-file reports are products that are in progress and/or have not gone through the MGS formal publication process. The University of Minnesota is committed to the policy that all persons shall have equal access to its programs, facilities, and employment without regard to race, color, creed, religion, national origin, sex, age, marital status, disability, public assistance status, veteran status, or sexual orientation. iii Table of Contents INTRODUCTION - THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOLOGIC MAPPING FOR GROUNDWATER APPLICATIONS ........................................................................................................................................................................... V Berg, R.C. H.A.J. Russell, and L.H. Thorleifson GEOINFORMATICS – WHAT WE NEED TO DO TO ACCELERATE WEB ACCESSIBILITY ........................ 1 M. Lee Allison and Linda Gundersen EVALUATION OF A BEDROCK AQUITARD FOR REGIONAL- AND LOCAL-SCALE GROUNDWATER FLOW ................................................................................................................................................................ 5 Kenneth R. Bradbury, Madeline B. Gotkowitz, and David J. Hart NEW PRODUCTS AND ADVANCEMENTS IN 3-D MODELLING PROTOCOLS BASED ON STUDIES IN THICK DRIFT AREAS IN ONTARIO, CANADA................................................................................................ 9 Abigail K. Burt and Andrew F. Bajc 3D MODELING OF GEOLOGY FOR GROUNDWATER APPLICATION IN THE NETHERLANDS.............. 15 Jan L. Gunnink SO WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE? ........................................................................................................ 19 Ian Jackson A FRAMEWORK AND METHODS FOR CHARACTERIZING UNCERTAINTY IN GEOLOGIC MAPS......... 23 Donald A. Keefer RIGOROUS 3D GEOLOGICAL MODELS AS THE BASIS FOR GROUNDWATER MODELLING ............... 27 Holger Kessler, Steve Mathers, Mike Lelliott, Andrew Hughes, and David Macdonald THE USE OF GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR DATA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF FACIES-BASED HYDROGEOLOGIC MODELS ........................................................................................................................ 33 Rosemary Knight, Elliot Grunewald, Richelle M. Allen-King, Stephen Moysey, and David Gaylord PRACTICAL SATURATED THICKNESS: A MORE REALISTIC MEASURE OF GROUNDWATER AVAILABILITY IN HETEROGENEOUS AQUIFERS....................................................................................... 39 P. Allen Macfarlane and Nicholas Schneider INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSIC CHEMICAL AND ISOTOPIC TRACERS FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF GROUNDWATER SYSTEMS ......................................................................................................................... 45 Jean E. Moran, Michael J. Singleton, Steven F. Carle, and Bradley K. Esser WHAT THE EARTH SCIENTIST CAN LEARN FROM THE PUBLIC’S DIFFICULTY TO UNDERSTAND WHAT WE HAVE TO SAY .............................................................................................................................. 49 Paul Morin GROUNDWATER MODELLING: FROM GEOLOGY TO HYDROGEOLOGY ............................................... 51 Alfonso Rivera GEOMODELS AS A KEY COMPONENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTS OF MILITARY TRAINING RANGES IN CANADA .................................................................................................................. 59 Martin Ross, Richard Martel, Geneviève Parent, and Alex Smirnoff WEB BASED MAPPING THE PUBLIC DEMAND FOR DATA ACCESSIBILITY AND VISUALIZATION ...... 63 Hazen A.J. Russell, David R Sharpe, Boyan Brodaric, Eric Boisvert, and Charles Logan THE DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDS FOR 3D GEOSCIENCE MAP INFORMATION – WHAT’S NECESSARY? ................................................................................................................................................ 67 David R.Soller. QUATERNARY SEQUENCE GRID-BASED HYDROSTRATIGRAPHIC 3D MODELLING BY THE RELATIVE METHOD, CHÂTEAUGUAY RIVER WATERSHED, QUEBEC...................................................................... 69 Tommy Tremblay, Miroslav Nastev, Michel Lamothe iv GEODATABASE AND HIGH-RESOLUTION GEOLOGIC MAPPING IN THE PUGET LOWLAND, WASHINGTON................................................................................................................................................ 75 Kathy Goetz Troost and Aaron P. Wisher A REVIEW OF GEOLOGICAL MODELING.................................................................................................... 81 A. Keith Turner and Carl W. Gable 3-D MODELING OF GLACIAL STRATIGRAPHY USING PUBLIC WATER WELL DATA, GEOLOGIC INTERPRETATION, AND GEOSTATISTICS ................................................................................................. 87 Erik R. Venteris ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Printing of the workshop proceedings was supported by the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC), Assessment of Regional Aquifers Project (southern Ontario) and the Illinois State Geological Survey. GSC funding for this proceeding was from the Groundwater Program. This is contribution 20070338 of the Earth Science Sector. The workshop website is maintained by the Illinois State Geological Survey. A sympathetic review at the Minnesota Geological Survey by T. Runkel is much appreciated. The help of Geological Society of America staff in facilitating the workshop is much appreciated. The presenters and respective funding agencies are thanked for making this workshop possible v INTRODUCTION - THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOLOGIC MAPPING FOR GROUNDWATER APPLICATIONS Berg, R.C.1 H.A.J. Russell2, and L.H. Thorleifson3 1Illinois State Geological Survey, 2Geological Survey of Canada, and 3Minnesota Geological Survey INTRODUCTION This fifth workshop, discussing three-dimensional (3D) geological mapping for groundwater applications, is part of an ongoing series that began in 2001. A focus of all the workshops has been the development of techniques to optimize internal consistency and to fully integrate 3-D stratigraphic with hydrostratigraphic models that can be used directly for hydrogeologic modeling. Workshops have emphasized the need for high-quality data, the procedures for reconciling often disparate and plentiful archival data, and the obvious realization that the better the geological model, the greater