USOO893 1444B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,931,444 B2 McConville et al. (45) Date of Patent: Jan. 13, 2015 (54) HEAD PACKAGING FOR CYLINDER (58) Field of Classification Search DEACTIVATION USPC ........................ 123/90.1590.18, 90.27, 90.6 See application file for complete search history. (71) Applicant: Ford late styles LLC, (56) References Cited earborn, U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS (72) Inventors: Gregory Patrick McConville, Ann Arbor, MI (US); Kim Hwe Ku, West 4,615.308 A 10, 1986 Asanomi et al. B1 field, MI (US 4,794,893 A * 1/1989 Masuda et al. ............. 123,90.17 oomfield, MI (US) 4,848,284. A * 7/1989 Konno ........... ... 123.90.16 5,445,117 A * 8/1995 Mendler ........ ... 123.90.16 (73) Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC, 5,758,612 A * 6/1998 Tsuzuku et al. ... 123.90.16 Dearborn, MI (US) 5,836,274 A * 1 1/1998 Saito et al. ..... ... 123.90.16 6,832,583 B2 * 12/2004 Hayman ..... ... 123.90.16 ck (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this g R 23. Ano et al. 123.90.24 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 7,980 17 B2 7/2011 Evans et al. U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. 2002/0017259 A1 2/2002 Tosaka et al. .............. 123,90.27 2005/0066932 A1 3/2005 Patterson et al. 2008/017081.6 A1* 7, 2008 Ueno et al. .. ... 384,418 (21) Appl. No.: 13/682,477 2009, O151673 A1* 6, 2009 Choi ....... 123/90.15 2009,030.1086 A1 12/2009 Ralston (22) Filed: Nov. 20, 2012 2010/0132641 A1* 6/2010 Yokoyama et al. ........ 123.90.16 (65) Prior Publication Data FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS US 2014/O137819 A1 May 22, 2014 DE 392.0938 A1 1, 1990 (51) Int. Cl. * cited by examiner FOIL I/34 (2006.01) Primary Examiner — Thomas Denion FOIL I/20 (2006.01) Assistant Examiner — Steven D Shipe FOIL I3/00 (2006.01) (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Greg Brown; Alleman Hall FOILF02D I/3441.06 30:2006.O1 McCoy Russell & Tuttle LLP FOIL I/O53 (2006.01) (57) ABSTRACT FO2B 75/18 (2006.01) Systems and methods for an overhead camshaft coupled tO an (52) U.S. Cl. 1n1neline engengine W1thh 1nner CVT1nderSylinders and outerOuter cylindCVT1nders are CPC ............... Foil 120 (2013.01). Foil 13.0036 disclosed. In one example approach, an engine bank cont (2013.01); F02D 13/06 (2013.01): FOIL 1/344 prises 1nner cylinders each having only first and second lift (2013.01). Foil 13,0005 (2013.01). Foil profiles,roIlles, bothboun beingbe1ng non-Zero lift11 Il profiles,proIlles, and Oulerouter cylindcy11nders 2001/0537 (2013.01): FOIL 2013/0052 each having first, second, and third lift profiles, two being (2013.01); F02B2075/1816 (2013.01) non-zero lift profiles and one being Zero lift. USPC ..................................... 123/90.16:123/90.15 13 Claims, 5 Drawing Sheets 1. 400 224 214 2O2 228 226 226 226 226 N NX N GX53)SA N R r N x 224 t t 429 * I Lics is is , is a L2 c5)*-213 Ra 7 Z/ Hill,EEE- Hill, 25-1 EEE 216 U.S. Patent Jan. 13, 2015 Sheet 1 of 5 US 8,931,444 B2 co on s s w s P w e p e A P a ese N a. S2ASS & U.S. Patent Jan. 13, 2015 Sheet 2 of 5 US 8,931,444 B2 o co N U.S. Patent US 8,931,444 B2 U.S. Patent Jan. 13, 2015 Sheet 5 of 5 US 8,931,444 B2 START -1 500 ESTIMATE AND/OR MEASURE ENGINE OPERATING CONDITIONS 508 504 H LOADSP CONDITIONS SET CAMSHAFT PROFILE DEACTIVATION TO 1ST PROFILE CONDITIONS MET2 SET CAMSHAFT PROFILE TO 3RD PROFILE TO DEACTIVATE SELECT CYLNDERS FIG. 5 US 8,931,444 B2 1. 2 HEAD PACKAGING FOR CYLNDER BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS DEACTIVATION FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of one cylinder of an BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY example engine system. FIGS. 2 and 3 show an example engine bank including a Variable displacement engine (VDE) designs are well cam profile Switching system in accordance with the disclo known in the art for providing increased fuel efficiency by SUC. deactivating cylinders during operation modes requiring FIG. 4 shows another example engine bank including a decreased engine output. Such designs may also incorporate cam profile Switching system in accordance with the disclo cam profile switching (CPS) to enable high or low lift valve 10 train modes which correspond to increased fuel efficiency SUC. during high and low engine speeds, respectively. FIG. 5 shows an example method for operating a cam In CPS systems, a VDE design may be supported through profile Switching system in accordance with the disclosure. a no-lift cam profile that deactivates cylinders based on DETAILED DESCRIPTION engine output needs. As an example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,832.583 15 describes an engine valve train having multiple valve lift modes including cylinder deactivation. The described The following description relates to an internal combustion example utilizes high and low lift cams on the valve train engine, such as the engine shown in FIG. 1, having a cylinder which can be further modified so that low lift corresponds to bank and cylinder head enabled with a cam-profile-switching a Zero-lift deactivation setting. (CPS) system and variable-displacement engine (VDE) However, the inventors herein have recognized that such an modes. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, an engine cylinder head approach does not incorporate three distinct lift profiles for may be designed to permit deactivation of valves on outer one cylinder. Generally speaking, mechanisms for deactivat cylinders using wider mechanisms on the outer cylinders ing valves or enabling a third lift profile require more space compared to the mechanisms on inner cylinders which do not along the length of an overhead camshaft. The placement of 25 deactivate. In other examples, as shown in FIG. 4, an engine cam towers and cylinder bore spacing requirements further cylinder head may be designed to permit deactivation of inhibit the inclusion of multiple valve lift profiles and/or valves on inner cylinders using wider mechanisms on the cylinder deactivation mechanisms. inner cylinders compared to the mechanisms on outer cylin In order to address these issues, systems and methods for ders which do not deactivate. As described in FIG. 5, such a an overhead camshaft coupled to an inline engine with inner 30 cylinder head configuration may be used to adjust valve lift cylinders and outer cylinders are provided. In one example profiles on both inner and outer cylinders and to deactivate approach, an engine bank comprises inner cylinders each outer cylinders based on engine operating conditions. having only first and second lift profiles, both being non-zero Turning now to the figures, FIG. 1 depicts an example lift profiles, and outer cylinders each having first, second, and embodiment of a combustion chamber or cylinder of internal third lift profiles, two being non-zero lift profiles and one 35 combustion engine 10. Engine 10 may receive control param being Zero lift. eters from a control system including controller 12 and input In this way, an engine cylinderhead design in which a third, from a vehicle operator 130 via an input device 132. In this Zero-lift profile may be included in some cylinders having example, input device 132 includes an accelerator pedal and both first and second lift profiles. For example, a cylinder a pedal position sensor 134 for generating a proportional head may be enabled with a camshaft having high and low lift 40 pedal position signal PP. Cylinder (herein also “combustion cam profiles on all cylinders, and selective deactivation of chamber) 14 of engine 10 may include combustion chamber outer cylinders only by inclusion of a third, Zero-life profile walls 136 with piston 138 positioned therein. Piston 138 may on these cylinders. Such an approach utilizes additional space be coupled to crankshaft 140 so that reciprocating motion of located on the outer camshaft as per some pre-existing engine the piston is translated into rotational motion of the crank cylinder head designs and asymmetrical cam tower place 45 shaft. Crankshaft 140 may be coupled to at least one drive ment to allow sufficient space for the different cam profiles wheel of the passenger vehicle via a transmission system. over both outer and inner cylinders without intruding on inner Further, a starter motor may be coupled to crankshaft 140 via cylinder spacing. Such an approach has the potential advan a flywheel to enable a starting operation of engine 10. tage of enabling VDE and CPS concurrently in a more com Cylinder 14 can receive intake air via a series of intake air pact engine design Such as an inline, four-cylinder engine. 50 passages 142, 144, and 146. Intake air passage 146 may Further, such an approach may enable flexibility of using the communicate with other cylinders of engine 10 in addition to same engine architecture on multiple vehicle platforms. cylinder 14. In some embodiments, one or more of the intake While one example shows two lift profiles on inner cylin passages may include a boosting device Such as a turbo ders and three lift profiles on outer cylinders, the present charger or a Supercharger. For example, FIG. 1 shows engine application recognizes that in another example, outer cylin 55 10 configured with a turbocharger including a compressor ders may have fewer discrete lift profiles than inner cylinders, 174 arranged between intake passages 142 and 144, and an where inner cylinders have wider cam tower placement as exhaust turbine 176 arranged along exhaust passage 148.