Knowledge Organiser – Year 7 Topic One: Life before 1066 Timeline Of Key Events Key Words 800 BC The Iron Age reaches Britain BC Used to record historical dates as number of years before Christ’s birth: Before Christ 43 AD The Romans arrive in Britain and conquer AD Used to record historical dates as number of years after Christ’s birth: Anno Domini. the country Century A period of one hundred years, often used to describe different historical periods. 400- Angles and Saxons begin to arrive in England Empire Where one nation or country rules over a large number of other nations or countries. 600 from Germany. 410 The Roman army leaves Britain Sanitation Conditions relating to public health, such as clean drinking water and sewage disposal. 793 The Vikings attack the monastery on Lindisfarne Dark Ages A term sometimes used to describe the years that followed the fall of the Roman Empire. 871 Alfred the Great is crowned King of Wessex Great A large force of Viking warriors who invaded England during the ninth century. 899 Alfred the Great dies Heathen Army 1016 The Viking ruler Canute becomes King of England Latin A classical language spoken by the Romans, and used by the Catholic Church. Longboat A Viking ship, which combined both sails and oars. Key People/Groups Mercia Anglo-Saxon kingdom in central England, covering what is today called the Midlands. Romans People who originated from the city of Rome in modern day Italy. Wessex Anglo-Saxon kingdom stretching across southern England. Celts The dominant population in Britain until Fyrd Part time Anglo-Saxon army which could be called to fight at times of war. the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons. Witan A collection of Anglo-Saxon noblemen and senior clergymen who advised the king. Anglo- Two Germanic tribes who invaded England Golden Age A period of flourishing in the history of a nation or an art form. Saxons from Germany, between 400 and 600 BC. Valhalla The heaven for Viking warriors. Vikings Seafaring people from Scandinavia who raided and traded across Europe and Sutton Hoo The site of an Anglo-Saxon ship burial from the seventh century AD. Russia Earl A noble title, developed during the Anglo-Saxon period to describe the ruler of a Alfred The Anglo-Saxon King of Wessex who county. the defeated the Great Heathen Army Native A person born in or historically associated with a particular country or region. Great Shire Individual county, meaning ‘area of control’ in Old English. King Viking King of England, who famously Canute could not hold back the tide. Knowledge Organiser – Year 7 Topic Two: The Battle of Hastings Timeline Of Key Events – All in 1066 Key Words th 5 January Edward the Confessor dies, leaving no heir. Heir A person set to inherit property or a title, often used 6th January Harold Godwinson is crowned king of England. to mean next in line to the throne. 18th September 300 Viking longboats, led by Harald Hardrada land in England. Fulford Where the Battle of Fulford took place between Harald Hardrada and the Earls Morcar and Edwin. 20th September The Battle of Fulford. The Vikings, led by Harald Hardrada, defeat the Saxon army led by the earls Morcar and Edwin. Stamford A village in Yorkshire where a Battle between the 25th September The Battle of Stamford Bridge. Harold Godwinson defeats Harald Bridge English and the Vikings took place in 1066. Hardrada and his forces. Witan A collection of Anglo-Saxon noblemen and senior 28th September William of Normandy and his men land on the south coast of England. clergymen who advised the king. th 14 October The Battle of Hastings. Harold Godwinson and his army battle William of Earl A noble title, developed during the Anglo-Saxon Normandy and his army. William is victorious. period to describe the ruler of a county. 25th December William is crowned king of England. Normandy A region in Northern France, owned by the Normans. Key People/Groups Battle of Fought on the 14th October 1066, between William Normans People from Northern France who invaded England in 1066. Hastings of Normandy and Harold Godwinson. Anglo-Saxons The group who controlled England. Oath A promise made in front of witnesses. Vikings People from Scandinavia, who invaded England in 1066. Fyrd Part time Anglo-Saxon army which could be called to Edward the King of England until his death in 1066. He had no children, leading to a crisis fight at times of war. Confessor as to who should take over. Cavalry Soldiers who fight on horseback. Harold Edward’s brother in law. He was the earl of Wessex and was crowned King of Godwinson England in 1066. Housecarls Professional soldiers armed with battleaxes. William of Duke of Normandy. He claimed the throne had been promised to him by Fleet A group of ships sailing together. Normandy Edward. Became King of England after winning the Battle of Hastings. Mercenary A professional soldier hired to serve in a foreign Harald King of Norway. Claimed the throne as he was related to King Canute. Killed by army. Hardrada Harold Godwinson at Stamford Bridge. Archers A soldier who shoots with a bow and arrows, Edgar Atheling Edward’s closest living relative. He was only 14 years old and was bypassed for the throne. Bayeux An embroidered cloth that tells the story of the Tapestry Battle of Hastings and the Norman Conquest. Tostig Harold Godwinson’s brother. He supported Harald Hardrada, however was killed at the Battle of Stamford Bridge..