CH0.QXD 14/06/06 12:04 Page 3 S 2006 EDITIO N K Key figures O O on Europe B Statistical T E Pocketbook K 2006 C Data 1995-2005 O P THEME General EUROPEAN and regional COMMISSION statistics CH0.QXD 14/06/06 12:04 Page 3 Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union Freephone number (*): 0080067891011 (*) Certain mobile telephone operators do not allow access to 00 800 numbers or these calls may be billed. A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu). Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2006 ISBN 92-79-01849-3 © European Communities, 2006 CH0.QXD 14/06/06 12:04 Page 1 Key figures on Europe Key figures on Europe - Statistical pocketbook 2006 - has the objective of providing users with a balanced set of statistical data offered by Eurostat. The presentation largely follows the statistical themes of Eurostat's free dissemination database (see below for Internet details). Data are generally provided for the European Union total (EU-25), the euro area and the Member States, and (when available) for the Candidate countries, other EEA/EFTA countries, Japan and the United States. Editor-in-chief: Gunter Schäfer Editorial team: Syndie Cervellin, Matthias Fritz, Ulrich Wieland Contact details: Eurostat, Statistical Office of the European Communities, Bâtiment Joseph Bech, 5, Rue Alphonse Weicker L-2721 Luxembourg E-mail address: [email protected] Production, desktop publishing: INFORMA sàrl Giovanni Albertone, Simon Allen, Séverine Gautron, Andrew Redpath, Markus Voget For more information please consult: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat Data extracted on: 22-03-2006 CH0.QXD 14/06/06 12:04 Page 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The editor-in-chief and the editorial team would like to thank all those who were involved in the preparation of this publication. It was published thanks to the assistance and support of the following organisations, units and authors: EUROSTAT, THE STATISTICAL OFFICE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES (1) Directorate C: National and European accounts C2 National accounts - production (L. Biedma, S. Kalmpurtzi, A. Krüger) C3 Public finance (L. Frej Ohlsson, A. Krenusz) C4 Balance of payments (D. Comini, F. Faes-Cannito, M. Hult, M. Hussain, M. Lazaro, S. Pauwels) Directorate D: Economic and regional statistics D1 Key indicators for European policies (L. Ledoux) D2 Regional indicators and geographical information (T. Brandmüller) D3 Short-term statistics (D. Amil, J. Dolvet, A. Giannoplidis, B. Newson, L. Öhman, I. Schoen) D4 Prices statistics (J. Liborio, A. Makaronidis, J-L Zieten) Directorate E: Agriculture and environment statistics; statistical cooperation E1 Agriculture statistics - methodology (C. Coyette) E2 Agriculture statistics - production (S. Bos, D. Cross, E. Maki-Simola, Y. Zanatta) E3 Environment statistics (J. Klein, U. Luksch, N. Steinbach) Directorate F: Social statistics and information society F1 Demographic and migration statistics (G. Kyi, A. Loof, D. Thorogood) F2 Labour market statistics (V. Ritola, P. Regnard, A. Tokofaï) F3 Living conditions and social protection statistics (G. Abramovici, T. Bento, I. Dennis, J. Piirto, P. Seoane Spiegelberg) F4 Education, science and culture statistics (B. Andren, B. Felix, S. Frank, A. Götzfried, L. Mejer, P. Schmidt, H. Wilen) F5 Health and food safety statistics (D. Dupré, S. Gagel, D. Kawiorska, A. Martinez Palou, E. Niederlaender, C. van Mosseveld) F6 Information society and tourism statistics (M. Lumio, M. Ottens, C. Demunter) Directorate G: Business statistics G1 Structural business statistics (P. Sneijers) G3 International trade statistics - production (A. Berthomieu, C. Corsini, K. Nuortila) G4 Energy statistics (A. Gikas) G5 Transport statistics (G. Amerini, L. de la Fuente, B. Milusheva, S. Pasi, C. Sciullo, H. Strelow) (1) Eurostat organigram as of April 2006. Please find the latest information on the Eurostat website (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat). OFFICE FOR OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES CH0.QXD 14/06/06 12:04 Page 3 PREFACE This pocketbook is the first edition of a new series of publications which provides you with a concise and balanced set of key data covering all statistical domains of Eurostat. Eurostat is the Statistical Office of the European Communities; it was established in 1953 in Luxembourg to meet the statistical requirements of the Coal and Steel Community. When the European Community was founded in 1958, Eurostat became a Directorate-General (DG) of the European Commission. Its role is to supply harmonised statistics first and foremost to other Directorates General and European institutions, in order to underpin the definition, implementation and analysis of Community policies, but also to the general public. Democratic societies do not function properly without a solid basis of reliable and objective data. On the one hand, decision-makers at EU level and in the Member States, be it local governments or businesses, need statistical data to make informed decisions. On the other hand, the public and media refer increasingly to statistics for an accurate picture of society. Eurostat gets most of its data from the national statistical authorities in the Member States. It then processes, analyses and publishes that data at a European level, following common statistical concepts, methods, and standards. Eurostat defines common methodologies together with the Member States, consolidates the data collected in each country, ensures that it is harmonised and as comparable as possible, and then creates European aggregates for the 25 Member States and the euro area. It then publishes most of this data and analyses on its website and in many cases also in the form of paper publications. The role of Eurostat has changed and developed in line with Community policies. For example, in recent years economic and monetary statistics, in particular a set of Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs), have been developed to provide a rapid flow of information covering the euro area to the European Central Bank, to aid monetary policy decision making. At the same time, Eurostat has supported and encouraged the development of statistical systems within the Candidate countries, Western Balkans, and European Neighbourhood Policy countries, driving a process of statistical harmonisation. For further information about Eurostat and about available statistics, please consult our website at http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat. The site offers you free access to nearly all of Eurostat's data as well as to methodological information and to all Eurostat statistical publications in PDF format. I hope this pocketbook will encourage you to access our website and to use Eurostat's data for your information needs and daily work. Hervé Carré, Director-General 3 CH0.QXD 14/06/06 12:04 Page 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acknowledgments 2 Preface 3 Guide 7 Abbreviations 9 Further information 12 Chapter 1: Economy and finance GDP 14 Economic output 16 Economic climate 18 Total labour productivity 20 Interest rates 22 Consumer price indices 24 GDP expenditure 26 Government deficit and debt 28 Government taxes 30 Savings and financial accounts 32 Foreign direct investment - outward 34 Foreign direct investment - inward 36 Chapter 2: Population and social conditions Population 38 Population by age class 40 Births and fertility 42 Fertility and death rates by region 44 Life expectancy and mortality 46 Social protection 48 Health care 50 Marriages and divorces 52 Migration 54 Citizenship and asylum 56 Household consumption expenditure 58 Living conditions 60 Activity rates 62 Employment rates 64 Unemployment rates 66 Working time and persons with a second job 68 Labour costs 70 Earnings 72 GUIDE & Education expenditure 74 Participation in education 76 Youth education 78 Lifelong learning 80 CONTENTS 4 CH0.QXD 14/06/06 12:04 Page 5 Page Chapter 3: Industry, trade and services Growing and declining activities 82 Short-term statistics for industry 84 Short-term statistics for construction 86 Short-term statistics for retail trade 88 Short-term statistics for other services 90 Business climate 92 Structural business statistics 94 Enterprise size-classes 96 Tourism 98 Chapter 4: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries Land use in agriculture and forestry 100 Farm labour force 102 Agricultural production 104 Agri-environment and rural development 106 Forestry 108 Fisheries 110 Chapter 5: International trade Share in world trade 112 External trade of services 114 EU and the world market for goods 116 Evolution of EU trade 118 Main EU trading partners 120 EU trade by product 122 Trade between EU Member States 124 External trade indices 126 Chapter 6: Transport Transport overview 128 Road transport 130 Rail transport 132 Air transport 134 Maritime transport 136 Chapter 7: Environment and energy Energy prices 138 Energy production and intensity 140 Energy consumption 142 Renewable energy 144 Greenhouse gases 146 Water resources 148 GUIDE Water treatment 150 & Generation of municipal waste 152 Treatment of municipal waste 154 Environmental expenditure 156 CONTENTS 5 CH0.QXD 14/06/06 12:04 Page 6 Page Chapter 8: Science and technology Research and development expenditure 158 Research and development human resources 160 ICT expenditure 162 Households and ICT access 164 Individuals and ICT use 166 Enterprises and ICT access 168 Enterprises and e-commerce 170 Telecommunications 172 High-technology