Max-Planck-Institut für Psycholinguistik ANNUAL REPORT 2006 EDITORS: HOLGER MITTERER AND TANYA STIVERS PRODUCTION: EVELYN GIERING AND AD VERBUNT ©2007 MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR PSYCHOLINGUISTICS WUNDTLAAN 1, 6525 XD NIJMEGEN, P.O. BOX 310, 6500 AH NIJMEGEN, THE NETHERLANDS TELEPHONE: +31 (0)24 3521 911/TELEFAX: +31 (0)24 3521 213 E-MAIL: [email protected] Web site: http://www.mpi.nl TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface Organization of the Institute 1. Phonological Learning for Speech Perception 1 2. Decoding Continuous Speech 17 3. Utterance Encoding 31 4. Multimodal Interaction 41 5. Categories and Concepts across 59 Language and Cognition 6. Language Production Unit 83 7. Information Structure in Language Acquisition 89 8. The Comparative Study of L2 Acquisition 99 9. The Dynamics of Multilingual Processing 113 10. Sign Language Typology 125 11. Other Research 131 12. The Technical Group 143 13. Other Activities 157 14. Publications 189 Index PREFACE The Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics is unique in the world, the sole major institution, dedicated to the study of the psychology of language. The breadth of research reported on here ranges from studies of the brain engaged in language tasks, to how babies learn the significant sounds of their first language, from multilingualism in the individual to the range of language diversity which the mental apparatus devoted to language has to cope with. These reports are necessarily brief and selective, and we welcome contact and visits from those interested in our research. The year of report, 2006, saw major changes at the Institute. Our founding director, Pim Levelt retired from the leadership of the group devoted to the study of language production. Pim is such a strong intellectual personality, and such a fount of scholarship, brilliant insights and experimental designs, that we are delighted that he will continue to be present for a further two years, as he works on a book on the antecedents and history of psycholinguistics. However his project, 'Utterance Encoding', reports here for the last time. Towards the end of the year, Pim's place as head of the production group was taken by Peter Hagoort, who also continues to head the Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging at Radboud University Nijmegen, assisted by David Norris. Peter, who won the Spinoza award the previous year, will bring a large group to the Institute, with an increasing emphasis on the underlying neurocognition that makes language possible. The Institute will equip new labs for ERP and virtual reality experiments, but the full impact of all the changes will show only in the next report. We are most grateful to the Dutch Ministery of Education, Culture and Science, who now generously contribute to our budget, thus making these developments possible. During the year the DFG-funded project on the typology of sign languages came towards an end – the head of the group, Ulrike Zeshan has moved to the University of Central Lancashire, where she has permanent funding for a group to continue the research. The Institute continues its close association with her group, sharing facilities, data and students, and there is a section of the report that summarizes the work done. We report our research in terms of the major projects in which the work of the Institute is organized. There have been significant changes in the project structure since 2005. By internal evolution, 'Space' and 'Event Representation' have merged into a new 'Categories' project, and there is a new acquisition project on 'Information Structure'. Our new director, arriving at the end of the year, announces two new projects, 'Production in Context' and 'Unification'. Stephen Levinson Nijmegen, March 2007 ORGANIZATION OF THE INSTITUTE 2006 Directors: Wolfgang Klein, managing director Anne Cutler Peter Hagoort (from Nov. 1st) Willem Levelt (until May 31st) Stephen Levinson Scientific Council: Dan Slobin, chair (U. California at Berkeley) Kathryn Bock (U. Illinois) Herbert Clark (Stanford U.) Nick Evans (U. Melbourne) Kenneth Forster (U. Arizona) Beatrice de Gelder (U. Brabant, Tilburg) Edward de Haan (Utrecht U.) Hans Kamp (U. Stuttgart) John Lucy (U. Chicago) Joanne Miller (Northeastern U., Boston) John Schumann (U. California, Los Angeles) External Scientific Members: Manfred Bierwisch Pieter Muysken University Affiliate: Herbert Schriefers (Radboud U. Nijmegen) Research Associates: Felix Ameka (Leiden U.) Harald Baayen (Radboud U. Nijmegen/IWTS) Peter Jordens (Free U. Amsterdam) Gerard Kempen (Leiden U.) Takashi Otake (E-Learning Laboratory) Asli Özyürek (Koç U., Istanbul/ F.C. Donders Centre) Pieter Seuren (Radboud U. Nijmegen) Miranda van Turennout (F.C. Donders Centre) Scientific Research Staff: Marcel Bastiaansen Melissa Bowerman Bettina Braun Mirjam Broersma Penelope Brown Niclas Burenhult (EU-Marie Curie/VW) Aoju Chen Doug Davidson (NWO) Christine Dimroth Arna van Doorn (NWO) Michael Dunn (NWO) Nick Enfield Mirjam Ernestus (Radboud U.) Rick van Gijn (VW) Marianne Gullberg (NWO) Trine Heinemann Frauke Hellwig (NWO) Bernadette Hendriks (DFG) Peter Indefrey (NWO) Gabriele Janzen Alexandra Jesse (DFG) Elizabeth Johnson (NWO-Spinoza) Ketutu Kanta (DFG)* Ahlam Khreysat (DFG)* Valesca Kooijman (NWO-Spinoza) Anetta Kopecka (EU-Marie Curie) Marijn Lamers (EU-JAST) Asifa Majid James McQueen Esther Meeuwissen (NWO) Holger Mitterer Bhuvana Narasimhan Victoria Nyst (DFG)* Sibaji Panda (DFG) Christian Rapold (VW) Ger Reesink (NWO) Leah Roberts (NWO) * part of 2006 only VIII ORGANIZATION Ardi Roelofs (NWO-VICI)* Jan Peter de Ruiter (EU-JAST) Hulya Sahin (NWO) Niels Schiller (NWO-VICI)* Waldemar Schwager (DFG) Gunter Senft Simone Sprenger Tanya Stivers Lara Tagliapietra Marloes Weijers (JAST) Thomas Widlok (VW) Ulrike Zeshan (DFG)* Ph.D. Students: Attila Andics Heidrun Bien* Susanne Brouwer* Amanda Brown Jidong Chen Swintha Danielsen (Radboud U.)* Miriam Ellert* Ian FitzPatrick* Alice Gaby Sonja Gipper (VW)* Martijn Goudbeek Daniel Haun* Laura Herbst Clair Hill* Gertie Hoymann (VW) Anke Jolink Kathrin Kirsch Claudia Kuzla Lilla Magyari* Carmel O'Shannessy Guilio Pagonis Eva Reinisch* Stuart Robinson * part of 2006 only ORGANIZATION IX Federico Rossano Sarah Schimke Sabine Schneider (NWO) Keren Shatzman Sylvia Tufvesson Annelie Tuinman Josje Verhagen (Free U. Amsterdam) Connie de Vos* Anita Wagner (NWO-Spinoza)* Claudia Wegener Visiting Research Fellows: David Birdsong U. Texas, Austin Taehong Cho Hangyang U. Connie Dickinson U. Oregon Gérard Diffloth E.F.E.O. Nick Evans U. Melboune Catherine Fabricius-Hansen U. Oslo Uli Frauenfelder U. Genève Russel Gray Auckland U. Annette de Groot U. Amsterdam Ester Janse Utrecht U. Dennis Norris MRC CBU, Cambridge Li Ping U. Richmond Mark Pitt Ohio State U. Columbus Manny Schegloff U. California, Los Angeles Alice Turk U. Edinburgh Barbara Schmiedtova U. Heidelberg Dan Swingley U. Pennsylvania Roger Wales La Trobe U. Natasha Warner U. Arizona Technical Staff (including externally funded): Peter Wittenburg (head) Eric Auer (LIRICS) Herbert Baumann Maarten Bisseling (DoBeS)* * part of 2006 only X ORGANIZATION Peter Berck (DoBeS) Dik van den Born Daan Broeder (CHOISE) Hennie Brugman Ger Desserjer Reiner Dirksmeyer Alex Dukers Matthias Egger* George Esselink Gerd Klaas Alexander Klassmann (DoBeS) Christian Korthals(DAM-LR)* Adarsh Mehta (DoBeS)* John Nagengast Mark Jan Nederhof (LIRICS) Freddy Offenga (DAM-LR) Jacquelijn Ringersma Bastiaan Roset (DoBeS)* Albert Russel* Romuald Skiba Han Sloetjes (LIRICS) Marc Snijders (DoBeS) Paul Trilsbeek Dieter van Uytvanck (DoBeS) Tobias van Valkenhoef Kees van der Veer Ad Verbunt Rick van Viersen Johan Weustink Nicolas Wood (DoBeS) Administration and other Services: Paul Lommen (head) Jan Achterberg Agnes de Boer Heike Burenhult Angela Heuts * part of 2006 only ORGANIZATION XI Anne Hoffmann Perry Janssen Hans Gerrits* Angela Khadar (NWO-Spinoza) Uschi Maier Norbert Nielen Rober van Thiel* José Wannet-Kluck Library: Karin Kastens Meggie Uijen Secretaries: Nanjo Bogdanowicz Evelyn Giering Edith Sjoerdsma Rian Zondervan * part of 2006 only XII ORGANIZATION CHAPTER 1 PHONOLOGICAL LEARNING FOR SPEECH PERCEPTION Participants: Mirjam Broersma Anne Cutler (coordinator) Mirjam Ernestus Alexandra Jesse Elizabeth Johnson James McQueen Holger Mitterer Ph.D. students: Martijn Goudbeek Valesca Kooijman Michael Stevens (Ghent U.) Annelie Tuinman Anita Wagner External Collaborators: Chris Davis (U. Western Sydney) Silke Hamann (U. Utrecht) Jeesun Kim (U. Western Sydney) Lalita Murty (U. York) Dennis Norris (MRC CBU) Takashi Otake (E-Learning Laboratory) Nuria Sebastián-Gallés (U. Barcelona) Amanda Seidl (Purdue U.) Daniel Swingley (U. Pennsylvania) Michael Tyler (U. Western Sydney) Andrea Weber (Saarland U.) 2 PHONOLOGICAL LEARNING FOR SPEECH PERCEPTION Introduction The Phonological Learning for Speech Perception project investigates how the phonology of language is learned, the role that phonological structure plays in the perception of speech, and the conditions under which existing phonological knowledge may be adapted as a function of listening experience. The project incorporates most of the research supported by Cutler's NWO-SPINOZA project "Native and Nonnative Listening", which maintains inter alia the two infant speech perception laboratories (one for behavioral and one for electro- physiological studies). Research is here reported under four heads: (1) Learning a first phonology (the infant speech perception research); (2) learning a second phonology, later on (research on second-language [L2]