1,050MW Coal Fired Power Plant Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Study Report Prepared for Amu Power Company Limited Report No. KTL/4085/ESIA/01 10 July 2016 1,050MW Coal Fired Power Plant Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Study Prepared for: Amu Power Company Limited Geminia Insurance Plaza, Kilimanjaro Ave. Upper hill, PO Box 61872-00200, Nairobi, Kenya Prepared by: Kurrent Technologies Ltd. Hass Plaza, 4th Floor, Lower Hill Road, P. O. Box 16989 – 00620 Nairobi, Kenya Compiled by: Reviewed by: Mr. Sanjay Gandhi Ms. Belinda Muya Team Leader – ESIA Study Sociologist ESIA Study for 1,050MW Coal Fired Power Plant, Lamu County, Kenya Social Impact Assessment Contents 1 Executive Summary ............................................................................ 12 1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................ 12 1.2 Approach to the study ................................................................................. 13 1.3 Policy and legislative issues .......................................................................... 13 1.4 Overview of the study area .......................................................................... 14 1.5 Project description ....................................................................................... 16 1.5.1 Power plant design elements ..................................................................... 16 1.5.2 Project schedule ....................................................................................... 17 1.5.3 Workforce profile ...................................................................................... 17 1.6 Potential social impacts ................................................................................ 19 1.7 Limitations of the SIA study ......................................................................... 21 1.8 Conclusions and recommendations ............................................................... 22 2 Applicable policy and legal context .................................................... 23 2.1 The Constitution of Kenya (2010) ................................................................. 23 2.1.1 National Land Policy (2009) ....................................................................... 23 2.1.2 National Gender Policy (2011) .................................................................... 24 2.1.3 Kenya National Environment Policy (2013) .................................................. 24 2.1.4 National Water Policy (2012) ..................................................................... 24 2.1.5 Kenya Health policy 2014 .......................................................................... 25 2.1.6 Occupational Safety and Health Policy (2012) .............................................. 25 2.1.7 The Energy Policy (2004) and the Draft Energy Policy (2015) ....................... 25 2.1.8 Workplace Policy on HIV/AIDS 2007 ........................................................... 26 2.1.9 The Medium Term Plan 2 (MTP 2) .............................................................. 26 2.2 County level policy and planning .................................................................. 26 2.2.1 County Government Act 2012 .................................................................... 26 2.3 International safeguards and policies ............................................................ 27 2.3.1 Kenya Vision 2030 .................................................................................... 27 2.3.2 Energy Sector Policy of the African Development Bank (AfDB) ...................... 28 ©Kurrent Technologies Ltd. 10 July 2016 Page 3 of 144 ESIA Study for 1,050MW Coal Fired Power Plant, Lamu County, Kenya Social Impact Assessment 2.3.3 AfDB Integrated Safeguards System (ISS) .................................................. 28 2.3.4 AfDB Gender Policy (2001) ........................................................................ 29 2.3.5 IFC Performance Standards ....................................................................... 29 3 Socio-economic baseline .................................................................... 30 3.1 Location and size ......................................................................................... 30 3.2 Administration ............................................................................................. 31 3.2.1 Administrative units .................................................................................. 31 3.2.2 Governance and leadership ........................................................................ 34 3.3 Population ................................................................................................... 35 3.3.1 Vulnerable communities ............................................................................ 37 3.4 Economic activities ...................................................................................... 38 3.4.1 Tourism ................................................................................................... 38 3.4.2 Fishing ..................................................................................................... 40 3.4.3 Crop production ........................................................................................ 42 3.4.4 Livestock husbandry ................................................................................. 44 3.4.5 Charcoal production .................................................................................. 45 3.4.6 Agroforestry ............................................................................................. 45 3.4.7 Employment ............................................................................................. 46 3.4.8 Trade enterprise ....................................................................................... 46 3.4.9 Mining ..................................................................................................... 46 3.4.10 Overall economic profile ............................................................................ 46 3.5 Education .................................................................................................... 47 3.6 Health ........................................................................................................ 49 3.7 Water and Sanitation ................................................................................... 53 3.8 Housing conditions ...................................................................................... 54 3.9 Energy ........................................................................................................ 55 3.10 Land use ..................................................................................................... 57 3.11 Transport infrastructure and access .............................................................. 57 3.12 Community organization .............................................................................. 59 ©Kurrent Technologies Ltd. 10 July 2016 Page 4 of 144 ESIA Study for 1,050MW Coal Fired Power Plant, Lamu County, Kenya Social Impact Assessment 3.13 Security and crime ....................................................................................... 60 4 Stakeholder engagement ................................................................... 61 4.1 Overview .................................................................................................... 61 4.2 Stakeholder engagement activities ............................................................... 61 4.2.1 Stakeholder Identification .......................................................................... 61 4.2.2 Disclosure of Project Information ............................................................... 62 4.2.3 Public/stakeholder consultation .................................................................. 63 4.2.4 Schedule of disclosure and consultation meetings ........................................ 66 4.2.5 Locations of disclosure and consultation meetings ....................................... 68 4.2.6 Consultation with vulnerable groups ........................................................... 69 4.3 Key stakeholder views and concerns collated ................................................ 70 4.4 Gender Considerations ................................................................................. 74 4.4.1 Division of unpaid labor/work ..................................................................... 74 4.4.2 Income generating activities ...................................................................... 74 4.4.3 Power supply and fuel consumption ........................................................... 75 4.4.4 Access to and control over productive factors and involvement in societal organization ............................................................................................. 75 4.4.5 Key challenges facing the local female population ........................................ 75 4.4.6 Gender mainstreaming recommendations and Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) ...................................................................................................... 76 4.5 Grievance Mechanism .................................................................................. 84 4.6 Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) .................................................................... 84 4.6.1 Guidelines for the RAP..............................................................................