DIRECTORY.] SUSSEX. CHICHESTER. -2121 the 13th century, but, in doing this, no provision was made being a memorial to Dean Chandler, inserted by the to distribute the pressure on the piers and walls adjacent, parishioners of All Saint.s, 1\Iarylebone, London. The glass with the result that the Norman tower piers were actually in the cathedral generally displays the condition and gradual being crushed by the superincumbent weight, and the con­ improvement in the art during a long period, the new win­ tinued vibration of the spire, under the action of the wind, dows in the Lady chapel furnishing admirable examples of no doubt assisted in disintegrating the materials and hasten­ modern work. ingthe great catastrophe,which occurred at half-past onep.m. The elegant Early English porch in the south aisle, added on Thursday, 21st J<'eb. 1861, when the whole tower and by Bishop Seffrid, gives access to the cloisters, the position spire, violently beaten upon by a great storm of wind from the of which, lying eastward under the choir, is altogether un­ N.E. and N.W. descended perpendicularly into the church, usual ; they are Perpendicular in style, and irregular in plan, destroying in its fall the tower arches with their piers, with west, south and east walks, the latter opening into the the entire eastern bay of the nave, and the greater part retro-choir ; over a door in the south walk is a shield of arms of the western bay of the choir, the spire, however, of Henry VII. marking the former house of one of the King's singularly retaining its upright position to the very last. chaplains, who served a chantry here founded by Henry V.; The work of rebuilding was begun in the spring of 1861, beyond it is a mural tablet to William Chillingworth, the under the direction of the late Sir G. Gilbert Scott R.A. and author of "The Religion of Protestants," who died at the Mr. Slater, and in June, 1866, the cap-stone of the new spire palace, Jan. 30, 1644, and was buried in this clois~er; at the was fixed ; the new work is in every respect a facsimile of south-east angle of the cloisters is the chapel of St. :Faith, of the old, with the exception that the total height is now about the 14th century, now a dwelling house. The bell-tower, or 277 feet instead of 271 feet, as previously ; the spire, rising campanile, the only existing English example of a detached from a battlemented tower, with angle turrets, also battle­ bell-tower adjoining a cathedral, is 120 feet in height, on a. mented, is octagonal, 1fith a two-light window on each face, square base of s6 feet, and contains a clock with chimes and and is surrounded by two broad ornamental bands of elegant a peal of 8 bells ; the total length of the cathedral is 380 design; the total cost of .re-erection was .£43,846, of which feet; the nave being 156 feet long, 91 feet 9 inches broad, amount £6,ooo was expended on the foundations : a new and 62 feet 3 inches high; and the choir 105 feet long, 59 lightning conductor was affixed to the spire in June, r884, feet broad, and 6o feet high; the transept is 13:( feet long, . under the direction of Mr. Gordon M. Hills, architect, of and 34 feet 3 inches broad, and the south-west tower 95 feet .. London. Coincident with the restoration of the tower, high. The church was used as a barrack by the soldiers of other alterations were effected, and the cathedral was re­ Sir William Waller, who, on December 29, 1643, demolished opened in November, 1867. The successful result of these the north-west tower and destroyed the stained. glass, organ, important undertakings was in a high degree due to the zeal carved work and brasses, of which last, fifty despoiled of Dr. Hook, then dean, and in recognition thereof a pulpit matrices are still left: what remained was further devastated of Caen stone and Purbeck marble, designed in the 13th by the troopers of Sir Arthur Haselrigge, in 1648. century style, by the late Sir G. Gilbert Scott R.A. has, The site of the cathedral endows it with a peculiar charac­ among other memorials to him, been placed in the cathedral. ter, for it is the only cathedral which can be seen at sea, and At the west end of the north nave aisle is placed a very re­ its tall spire was therefore alike a landmark to the pilgrim markable oaken chest, eight feet in length : it is believed to and the mariner ; the best general views of the structure will be of Saxon workmanship, but some portions of the ironwork be gained from the city wall to the north, from West street, display 13th century forms. In the wall of the south choir and from East street looking west ; an excellent distant pros­ aisle, east of the transept, are fixed two sculptured slabs, pect may also be obtained from the road south of the city, of very unusual character, said to have been removed from after passing the railway station; and another, which is Selsey, and discovered in 1829 behind the stalls of the choir, well worth seeing, is obtainable from a road on the north­ where they had long been concealed ; the subjects repre­ west, towards Funtington. Among the Bishops m.ay be sented are the '' Raising of Lazarus" and the meeting of mentioned Wilfrid, who, when a refugee among the South "Our Lord with Martha and Mary," and the work is prob­ Sax:ons, taught them the use of the net and became their ably Early Norman. first bishop ; Ethelric, last Bishop of Selsey; Stigand, who The principal monuments in the cathedral are as follows: removed the See to Chichester ; Seffrid I. deposed in I 145 ; In the Lady chapel a low coped slab, with bead mouldings, Seffrid II. who restored the cathedral; Ralph N eville, Chan­ bearing on its western end the legend '' Radulfus Epi," and, cellor of England; Richard de la Wych, the sainted Bishop, on the top, carvings of a pastoral staff and a mitre with canonized in 1261 ; Gilbert de St. Leofard, builder of the fillet, and assigned to Bishop Ralph, founder of the Norman Lady chapel; John de Langton andRobert Stratford, Chan­ church, but more probably commemorating Bishop Ralph, cellors ; Richard Praty, Chancellor of Oxford ; Reginald of Warham (1217-22); above is the mural monument of Pecock, author of the "Repressor of Overmuch Blaming Bishop Bickley, ob. 1596: two slabs with pastoral staffs, on the Clergy;" John Arundel, chaplain and physician to the north side, have been assigned to Bishops Seffrid and Henry VIII. ; Edward Story, builder of the market cross; Hilary : in the south choir aisle is the tomb of Bishop Sher­ Robert Sherburne, who munificently adorned the cathedral ; burne, ob. 1536, with his effigy on an altar-tomb, beneath a William Barlow, first Protestant Bishop; Henry King, James flat-arched crested canopy : the side is panelled with shields the First's "King of Preachers;" John Lake, deprived after of arms, and at the back of the arch are the bishop's arms, 1688, as a, non-juror ; Edward Waddington, who restored . supported by angels: this tomb has lately been restored by the palace ; and J<'rancis Hare, the opponent of Bishop New College, Oxford: in the chapel at the end of the aisle is Hoadly. The restoration of the cathedral, begun in 183o, a bust of Bishop Otter ( 1836-40 l by Towne; in the north is still in progress. choir aisle is the tomb of Bishop Rickingale, ob. 1426, with The Bishop's palace opens from the west end of the clois­ his effigy in alabaster, and on the north wall a small slab of ters, and is supposed to have been erected soon after the Pet worth marble, carved with a trefoil, inclosin~r a heart held building of the cathedral, on the site of a Roman villa, and up by two hands, and inscribed, '' Ici gi:~t le couer Maud de includes a chapel of the time of Henry Ill. sufficiently large . • . : " under a canopy in this aisle is a large tomb assigned for ordinations, some of which have been held in it; the to Bishop de Moleyns (1445-9), Councillor of Henry VI. who intersecting ribs of the chapel roof are more complicated was murdered at Portsmouth ; in the south transept is the and numerous than in earlier specimens, but the windows tomb, with effigy, generally described as that of St. Richard, are later ; the doorway is of theNor man period : the hall was bishop (1245-53), and restored by Richardson 1847; here formerly used, not only for purposes of hospitality, but for also, within a canopied-arch, is t.he tomb of Bishop Langton judicial trials: Bishop Sherburne rebuilt this wing· in the ( 1305-37 ), who built this transept; in the north transept Earlier Gothic style, and it comprises, beside the hall, a are the monuments of Bishop Henry King, the poet ( 1642- great dining-room and a large kitchen; the timber-framed 6g), Bishop Grove (1691-6), Bishop Carleton (1678-85), and roof of the former is painted in compartments with the arms in the retro-cboir that of Bishop Story (1478-I503), the of the neighbouring nobility and gentry of that period; the builder of the Chichester market cross : the nave aisles are palace was repaired in 1727, and again in x8Bo, by Bishop rich in monuments by Flaxman, the best being those of Buckner, and contains some pictures and stained glass.