Handbook of the Bruchidae of the United States and Canada Introduction to the Acrobat pdf edition The Acrobat pdf version of this publication, though identical in content to the print version, differs slightly in format from the print version. Also, in volume 2 the items on the errata list for the print version have been corrected. [THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK] United States Department of Agriculture Handbook of the Agricultural Research Bruchidae of the United Service Technical States and Canada Bulletin Number 1912 November 2004 (Insecta, Coleoptera) Volume I I II United States Department of Agriculture Handbook of the Agricultural Research Bruchidae of the United Service Technical States and Canada Bulletin Number 1912 November 2004 (Insecta, Coleoptera) John M. Kingsolver Volume I Kingsolver was research entomologist, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, PSI, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. He is presently research associate with the Florida State Collection of Arthropods. III Abstract Hemisphere. It provides the means to identify these insects for taxonomists, students, museum curators, biodiver- Kingsolver, John M. 2004. Handbook of sity workers, port identifiers, and ecolo- the Bruchidae of the United States and gists conducting studies in rangeland, Canada (Insecta, Coleoptera). U.S. Depart- pasture, and forest management in the ment of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin United States and Canada. 1912, 2 vol., 636 pp. Mention of commercial products in this Distinguishing characteristics and diag- publication is solely for the purpose of nostic keys are given for the 5 subfami- providing specific information and does lies, 24 genera, and 156 species of the not imply recommendation or endorse- seed beetle family Bruchidae of the Unit- ment by the U.S. Department of Agricul- ed States and Canada (including Hawaii). ture over others not mentioned. Associated data for each species descrip- tion include a history of the name, syn- While supplies last, single copies of onymical names, type specimen infor- this publication can be obtained at no mation, geographical distribution, host cost from John M. Kingsolver, Florida plants, and parasitoids. Appendices give State Collection of Arthropods, P.O. Box species, host, fossil, and parasitoid lists 147100, Gainesville, FL 32614–7100. as well as a glossary of terms and a bibli- Copies of this publication may be pur- ography. chased from the National Technical In- Bruchidae are found on every major land formation Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, mass except Antarctica and New Zea- Springfield, VA 22161. ARS has no addi- land. Eggs are usually laid on the seed or tional copies for free distribution. fruit of a plant suitable for development of the larva. Immature stages are spent inside seeds that have been excavated by The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) larval feeding. Adults live free and feed prohibits discrimination in all its programs and on pollen and nectar. activities on the basis of race, color, national Johnson (1970) estimates that approxi- origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, mately 84 percent of the known hosts of marital status, familial status, parental status, Bruchidae are in the plant family Legu- religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, minosae. The remaining hosts are scat- political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of tered among 31 other families. Sixteen an individual’s income is derived from any public plant families support larval feeding in assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases the United States and Canada. Several apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication species of Bruchidae, especially those of program information (Braille, large print, with a cosmopolitan distribution, are no- audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET torious pests of stored leguminous seeds. Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To Keywords: Coleoptera, Bruchidae, Am- file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, blycerinae, Bruchidiinae, Bruchinae, Ky- Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independ- torhininae, Megacerinae, United States, ence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250- Canada, Hawaii, taxonomy, insect-plant 9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720- interactions. 6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity This is part of a series of studies of provider and employer. bruchid genera contributing to a com- prehensive database for this important seed-feeding beetle family in the Western November 2004 IVii Contents Volume 1 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................... ix Abbreviations ....................................................................................................... x Introduction ......................................................................................................... 1 Importance of the Bruchidae ..................................................................................... 2 Biology of the Bruchidae ........................................................................................... 3 Morphology of the Bruchidae..................................................................................... 8 Materials and Methods ............................................................................................ 16 Taxonomy of the Bruchidae of the United States and Canada ............................. 19 Key to the Bruchidae of the United States and Canada, Including Hawaii ................ 21 Subfamily Pachymerinae Bridwell ....................................................................... 24 Tribe Caryedontini Bridwell ..................................................................................... 24 Genus Caryedon Schoenherr ............................................................................... 24 Caryedon serratus (Olivier) ............................................................................... 24 Tribe Pachymerini Bridwell ..................................................................................... 26 Genus Caryobruchus Bridwell .............................................................................. 26 Caryobruchus gleditsiae (Linnaeus)................................................................... 26 Subfamily Kytorhininae Bridwell ........................................................................ 28 Genus Kytorhinus Fischer von Waldheim ............................................................. 28 Kytorhinus prolixus (Fall) .................................................................................. 28 Subfamily Amblycerinae Bridwell........................................................................ 30 Tribe Amblycerini Bridwell ...................................................................................... 30 Genus Amblycerus Thunberg ............................................................................... 30 Amblycerus eustrophoides (Schaeffer) ............................................................... 32 Amblycerus ireriae Romero, Johnson, and Kingsolver ....................................... 33 Amblycerus nigromarginatus (Motschulsky)....................................................... 34 Amblycerus obscurus (Sharp) ............................................................................ 34 Amblycerus robiniae (Fabricius) ........................................................................ 35 Amblycerus schwarzi Kingsolver ....................................................................... 37 Amblycerus vitis (Schaeffer) .............................................................................. 38 Tribe Spermophagini Borowiec ................................................................................ 39 Genus Zabrotes Horn ........................................................................................... 39 Zabrotes amplissimus Kingsolver ...................................................................... 42 Zabrotes arenarius (Wolcott).............................................................................. 42 Zabrotes bexarensis Kingsolver ......................................................................... 43 iiiV Zabrotes chandleri Kingsolver ........................................................................... 44 Zabrotes chavesi Kingsolver .............................................................................. 44 Zabrotes cruciger Horn...................................................................................... 45 Zabrotes cynthiae Kingsolver ............................................................................ 46 Zabrotes densus Horn. ..................................................................................... 47 Zabrotes eldenensis Kingsolver. ........................................................................ 47 Zabrotes humboldtae Kingsolver ....................................................................... 48 Zabrotes obliteratus Horn ................................................................................. 49 Zabrotes planifrons Horn .................................................................................. 50 Zabrotes spectabilis Horn ................................................................................. 50 Zabrotes stephani Kingsolver ............................................................................ 51 Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) ....................................................................