PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI NATIONALISM IN MARIO VARGAS LLOSA’S LIFE AS REFLECTED THROUGH THE SETTING AND MAIN CONFLICTS IN THE STORYTELLER AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By SAVERIN PUNKAS Student Number: 084214023 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2013 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI NATIONALISM IN MARIO VARGAS LLOSA’S LIFE AS REFLECTED THROUGH THE SETTING AND MAIN CONFLICTS IN THE STORYTELLER AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By SAVERIN PUNKAS Student Number: 084214023 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2013 i PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ccc ‘Human is condemned to be free; because once thrown into the world, he or she is responsible for everything he or she does’ Jean-Paul Sartre iv PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI for You to whom I owe the life, for Bapak, Ibu, and Mas, who are depicted to understand me as a character v PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Considering the process I underwent to do this thesis, I must say that I owe much to some people who have contributed their supports in various ways. I address my first gratitude to my advisor, Dr. F. X. Siswadi, M. A., for he is very helpful in terms of not only academic advice but also motivation. His ‗don‘t-get- down-hearted‘ and ‗do-your-best‘ phrases always came along with his advice on my undergraduate thesis. My gratitude also goes to my co-advisor, Harris Hermansyah S., S.S., M.Hum., for his corrections and notes on my undergraduate thesis. I also thank Mbak Ninik for her help during my study in English Letters Department and especially during my thesis making. I admit that in terms of academic learning, I benefit much from everyone in LSR (Lembaga Studi Realino) especially Romo Budi Susanto who has introduced some confusing abstract things that help me learn to see the world not only from my point of view but also from others‘. In terms of spirituality, I owe much to everyone in YSC (Youth Spirituality Center), SLP (Service Learning Program), and Cana Community. I thank them for the love, the conflicts, and, of course, the learning of life. My gratitude then goes to my friends in the English Letters Study Program: Sisil, Rania, Lando, Ellysa, Arin, Yeyen, Putrie, Winda, Momon, Topan, Ajeng, and Acen. I thank them for the togetherness, tears, and laughter that come along with our study. My undergraduate thesis would not be finished without a long-learning process with Diana Meirawati. I thank her for sharing many things and vi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI sometimes for fighting in ‗cold war‘. I also thank Ari Kristianto for supporting me in his patience and silence. I understand that I owe much also to many names that I cannot mention one by one. Thus, I deliver my big gratitude for their supports and understanding during my study in Sanata Dharma and especially during my undergraduate thesis making. Saverin Punkas vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ......................................................................................................... i APPROVAL PAGE .............................................................................................. ii ACCEPTANCE PAGE ........................................................................................ iii MOTTO PAGE .................................................................................................... iv DEDICATION PAGE ........................................................................................... v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................... viii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... x ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ xi CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 1 Background of the Study ..................................................................................... 1 A. Problem Formulation ................................................................................... 6 B. Objectives of the Study ................................................................................ 7 C. Definition of Terms ...................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL REVIEW ....................................................... 8 A. Review of Related Studies ........................................................................... 8 B. Review of Related Theories ....................................................................... 11 1. Theory of Setting ........................................................................................ 11 2. Theory of Plot and Conflict ........................................................................ 12 3. Theory of Nationalism ................................................................................ 15 a. Definition and Description .................................................................. 15 b. Nationalism in a Novel........................................................................ 19 C. Mario Vargas Llosa‘s Life Background ..................................................... 20 D. Review on Peruvian Society ...................................................................... 23 E. Theoretical Framework .............................................................................. 26 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY .................................................................. 28 A. Object of the Study..................................................................................... 28 B. Approach of the Study ............................................................................... 29 C. Method of the Study ................................................................................... 30 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS ............................................................................... 32 A. Setting of The Storyteller ........................................................................... 32 1. Setting of Place ........................................................................................... 32 a. Setting of Place outside Peru............................................................... 33 i. Firenze ............................................................................................ 33 ii. Madrid and Paris ............................................................................. 36 b. Setting of Place inside Peru................................................................. 37 i. Lima ............................................................................................... 37 ii. Quillabamba.................................................................................... 41 iii. Alto Marañón .................................................................................. 43 viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI iv. Yarinacocha .................................................................................... 46 2. Setting of Time ........................................................................................... 48 3. Setting of Social Circumstance................................................................... 55 a. The Whites and Mestizos .................................................................... 55 b. Indigenous People ............................................................................... 59 i. The Aguarunas and Huambisas ...................................................... 60 ii. The Shapras .................................................................................... 62 iii. The Machiguengas .......................................................................... 64 B. Main Conflicts in The Storyteller ............................................................... 66 1. The Conflicts Related to Saúl‘s Experience Encountering Indian Community ................................................................................................. 67 a. The Narrator‘s Conflicts with Himself Related to Saúl‘s Experience 69 b. The Narrator‘s Conflicts with Saúl Zuratas Related to Saúl‘s Experience ........................................................................................... 70 2. The Conflicts Related to The Narrator‘s Experience Encountering Indian Community ................................................................................................. 73 a. The Narrator‘s Conflicts with Himself Related to the Narrator‘s Experience ........................................................................................... 74 b. The Narrator‘s Conflicts with Saúl Zuratas Related to the Narrator‘s Experience ........................................................................................... 76 3. The Conflicts Related