National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Forest Health Monitoring in the Northeast Temperate Network 2014 Summary Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NETN/NRR—2015/973 ON THE COVER Camilla Seirup and Mary Short sampling a forest plot in Acadia National Park Photograph by: Kate Miller, NPS Forest Health Monitoring in the Northeast Temperate Network 2014 Summary Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NETN/NRR—2015/973 Jesse S. Wheeler1, Kate M. Miller1, Brian R. Mitchell2 1Northeast Temperate Network Acadia National Park Bar Harbor, ME 04609 2Northeast Temperate Network 54 Elm Street Woodstock, VT 05091 May 2015 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. The series supports the advancement of science, informed decision-making, and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series also provides a forum for presenting more lengthy results that may not be accepted by publications with page limitations. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner. This report received informal peer review by subject-matter experts who were not directly involved in the collection, analysis, or reporting of the data. Data in this report were collected and analyzed using methods based on established, peer-reviewed protocols and were analyzed and interpreted within the guidelines of the protocols. Views, statements, findings, conclusions, recommendations, and data in this report do not necessarily reflect views and policies of the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the U.S. Government. This report is available in digital format from the Northeast Temperate Network website (http://science.nature.nps.gov/im/units/netn/monitor/programs/ForestHealth/forestHealth.cfm) and the Natural Resource Publications Management website (http://www.nature.nps.gov/publications/nrpm). To receive this report in a format optimized for screen readers, please email [email protected]. Please cite this publication as: Wheeler, J. S., K. M. Miller, and B. R. Mitchell. 2015. Forest health monitoring in the Northeast Temperate Network: 2014 summary report. Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/NETN/NRTR—2015/XXX. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado. NPS 962/128719, May 2015 ii Contents Page Figures.................................................................................................................................................... v Tables ................................................................................................................................................... vii Appendices ..........................................................................................................................................viii Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. ix Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................................. xv Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 1 Methods .................................................................................................................................................. 4 Sampling Methods .......................................................................................................................... 4 Ecological Integrity Scorecard ............................................................................................................... 5 Structural Stage Distribution .......................................................................................................... 7 Background................................................................................................................................ 7 Results and Discussion .............................................................................................................. 8 Coarse Woody Debris and Snag Abundance ................................................................................ 10 Background.............................................................................................................................. 10 Results and Discussion ............................................................................................................ 11 Tree Regeneration ........................................................................................................................ 14 Background.............................................................................................................................. 14 Results and Discussion ............................................................................................................ 16 Tree Condition and Forest Pests ................................................................................................... 18 Background.............................................................................................................................. 18 Results and Discussion ............................................................................................................ 19 Invasive Exotic Plant Indicator Species ....................................................................................... 21 Background.............................................................................................................................. 21 Results and Discussion ............................................................................................................ 21 Deer Browse Indicator Species .................................................................................................... 22 Background.............................................................................................................................. 22 Results and Discussion ............................................................................................................ 24 Tree Growth and Mortality Rates ................................................................................................. 24 iii Contents (continued) Page Background.............................................................................................................................. 24 Results and Discussion ............................................................................................................ 26 Management Implications ............................................................................................................ 29 Ecological Integrity Scorecard: ............................................................................................... 29 2011-2014 ................................................................................................................................ 29 Acadia National Park ............................................................................................................... 29 Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historical Park ............................................................. 29 Minute Man National Historical Park ..................................................................................... 30 Saint-Gaudens National Historic Site ...................................................................................... 30 Saratoga National Historical Park ........................................................................................... 30 Tree Recruitment, Growth, and Mortality ........................................................................................... 31 Background................................................................................................................................... 31 Results and Discussion ................................................................................................................. 32 Acadia National Park ............................................................................................................... 36 Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historical Park ............................................................. 38 Minute Man National Historical Park ..................................................................................... 41 Morristown National Historical Park ...................................................................................... 43 Roosevelt-Vanderbilt National Historic Sites ......................................................................... 45 Saint-Gaudens