ISSN 0375-1511 Rec. zool. Surv. India: 112(Part-3): 31-38,2012 THE SPECIES OF MONACON (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA: PERILAMPIDAE) FROM INDIA AND ADJACENT COUNTRIES T.C. NARENDRAN AND P.M. SURESHAN Western Ghat Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Calicut 673006, Kerala, India ABSTRACT parasites of ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Platypodidae). One record mentions Scolytidae as Monacon species (Hymenoptera: Perilampidae) the host. are reviewed for the Indian subcontinent. A new species is described from Maharashtra, and The holotype of the new species is deposited in diagnoses, data on distribution and hosts of known the Department of Zoology, University of Calicut species from the region are given. A key to species (DZUC) pending transfer to the Western Ghat of Monacon of the Indian subcontinent is also Regional Centre of Zoological survey of India, provided. Kozhikode (ZSIK). INTRODUCTON Abbreviations used : AOL = Distance between anterior ocellus and any one posterior ocellus; CC The South and Southeast Asian species of the = Costal cell; L = Length; MV = Marginal vein; perilampid genus Monacon Waterston were treated OOL = Minimum distance between eye and taxonomically in a revision of the world species posterior ocellus; PMV = Postmarginal vein; POL by Boueek (1980). Mani (1989) gave a modified = Distance between posterior ocelli; SMV = version of the key to species of Monacon published Submarginal vein; STV = Stigmal vein; Tl to T6 = by Hedqvist (1968). Subba Rao (in Subba Rao and Gastral tergites 1 to 6; W = width. Hayat, 1986) gave a catalogue of Monacon species of India and adjacent countries. So far only six Acronyms used : BMNH = The Natural History species of Monacon are known from the Indian Museum ,London, U.K.; DZUC= Department of subcontinent (Noyes, 2013). After studying the Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala,India; USNM Perilamipinae and Chrysolampinae (Narendran, = The United States National Museum of Natural 2003 and Narendran and Sudheer 2003), collection History, Washington,D.C. U.S.A.; ZSIK=The made by the second author (PMS) in the Lonar Western Ghat Regional Centre, Zoological survey Crater Wildlife Sanctuary (Maharashtra) in 2003 of India, Kozhikode, Kerala, India. revealed an undescribed species of the genus Monacon Waterston Monacon. This has given us an opportunity to review all the species of the Indian subcontinent, 1922: Monacon Waterston, 24. Type species: Monacon productum Waterston; designated by Baltazar, 1%6. and update the key to species. Diagnoses are provided here of the known species of the Indian Diagnosis: Female and Male: Body black, with subcontinent mainly based on Boufeek's (1980) or without metallic green or blue refringence, revision. The Indian subcontinent includes including coxae, often femora and antennal scapes; countries south of the Himalayas, ie Pakistan, India, rest of legs testaceous or pale yellow. Wings often Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and slightly infumate especially below veins. Head Myanmar. Most species of Monacon develop as with a strong median horn between antennae; Key words : New species, review, key, Hymenoptera, Perilampidae, Monacon, India 32 Rec. zool. Surv. India scrobe delimited dorsally by distinct carina; 3. Groove-like lateral margin of clypeus venfrally parascrobal area more or less elevated. Antermal interrupted at upper side of tubercle; horn in formula 11110; clava not differentiated from funicle, dorsal view distinctly widening to apex (Fig.3); apex pointed with one or two apical bristles. Malar sides of mesosoma before tegulae virtually siilcus may be distinct or indistinct; pronotum often parallel. Myanmar with angulate shoulders; mesoscutum mostly very M. atkinsoni Boueek convex or hump like; scutellum at apex forming = Grooves delimiting sides of clypeus deep, even distinct angle about 60° to 90°, projecting over basal above tubercles; horn sometimes scarcely part of propodeum; propodeum with alveolae and widening at apex; sides of mesosoma slightly large pits, with a median carina and costula; converging forwards 4. prepectus relatively large with its dorsal margin 2 or more times longer than length of tegula. 4. Scutellum plus axillae combined nearly as broad Metasoma with a transverse petiole, visible mostly as medially long; scutellum only as long as on ventrolateral part, with a row of longitudinal broad; narrow part of hom(Fig.l) in dorsal view fovea posterior to anterior carinate margin; Tl with about 2x as long as wide. India a large basal sub triangular fovea, fovea sometimes M. abruptum Waterston constricted by submedian swellings; posterior = Scutellum plus axillae combined distinctly margin of Tl angularly emarginated greatly; ovipositor sheath flattened from side to side ( narrower than its length in middle; scutellum Waterston,1922; Boueek,1980). broadly meeting mesoscutum, each axilla strongly sloping laterally; axillulae well Hosts: Coleoptera (Platypodidae and Scolj^dae) delimited even anteriorly; narrow part of horn in dorsal view (Fig.2), about 3x as long as wide. Distribution : Old World (Africa, Asia, New Sri Lanka M. angustum Boueek Guinea and Ausfralia) 5. Horn (Fig.4) very slender, tapering and narrowly Remarks: This genus differs from all other genera rounded at apex; clypeus fairly shiny, in upper of PerUampidae in having the frontal median horn half with few scattered hairs only; parascrobal between antermae. lobes well protruding above plane of face, Key to species oiMonacon of India and Adjacent protruding part 0.35x as long as eye length in Countries profile(7:20). Myanmar (Modified from Bou^ek, 1980). M. longispina Boueek 1. Lower face below the horn with a pair of distinct = Horn in dorsal view at least slightly widening tubercle-like elevations or teeth situated at or at apex which is fruncate or emarginate at apex on lateral niargins of clypeus 2. or bidentate; other characters partly different 6 = Lower face with tubercles or elevations absent 5. 6. Clypeus laterally delimited by short and deep groove which suddenly ends below a slight 2. Tubercles of lower face visible only in certain elevation. India, Philippines illumination or light; horn gradually tapering M. productum Waterston to apex, pointed (Fig.5); clypeus moderately shiny, its lower margin only slightly produced; = Clypeus completely or almost completely malar space densely sculptured, dull, femora bordered (except anterior margin) by distinct and tibiae testaceous. India or weak groove, without elevation 7 M. productum Waterston (in part) 7. Body (Fig.7) black without metallic refringence; = Tubercles well distinct, also lateral grooves PMV shorter than STV (Fig.lO) POL 1.7x OOL; delimiting clypeus developed at least outside height of eye 1.4x its length in profile. India of each tubercle; other characters at least partly different 3. M. buldanicum Narendran & Sureshan, sp. nov. Narendran and Sureshan: The species oiMonacon (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea:... Adjacent Countries 33 = Body, especially head and mesosoma dark meeting mesoscutum) and 3) Narrow part of horn metallic green; PMV longer than STV; Height in dorsal view about 2x as long as broad (in of eye (Fig.6)1.3x its length. Sri Lanka M.angustum narrow part of horn in dorsal view M. senex Bou6ek about 3x as long as broad). For practical reasons the species are arranged 2. Monacon angustum Boucek alphabetically below: (Fig-2) 1. Monacon abruptutnW aterston 1980 -.Monacon angustum Boucek, 82. Holotype Female, Sri Lanka (USNM) (Fig-l) 1922 -.Monacon abruptum Waterston, 29-30. Holotype Diagnosis (Based on Boucek, 1980): Female: Female, Bangladesh. Khulna, Sunderbans, Length 2.2mm. Black; tibiae partly and tarsi wholly Tambulbunia (BMNH). testaceous; wings hyaline with veins brown and paxastigma dark; vertex (outside ocellar triangle), 1980 -.Monacon dhrwptum Waterston: Boucek, Keyed. horn and genae almost smooth; horn not distinctly Diagnosis (Based on Waterston, 1922 and Boucek, compressed from side to side at base in dorsal 1980). Female: Length 2.6mm. Body black with view, hardly wide at apex, flattened, truncate, not metallic blue refringence; scrobes not extended as hollowed (Fig.2); clypeus completely smooth with deep channels downwards, hardly reaching below well delimited on sides and on dorsal side, with a level of horn; narrow part of horn in dorsal view very few scattered hairs; tooth Kke tubercles present about 2x as long as broad; clypeal tubercles distinct; away from the lower margin of clypeus. POL 1.4x grooves delimiting sides of clypeus deep , even OOL; height of malar space 0.31x height of eye , above tubercles; pilosity on clypeus sparse, hairs 0.4x eye length; scutellum with apex blunt; in side not longer than space between them; supra cljrpeal view scutellum almost flat. PMV barely longer part usually as shiny as clypeal surface; sides of than STV; Tl with basal fovea narrowed and mesosoma slightly converging forwards; scuteUtim deepened towards distal part. plus axillae combined nearly as broad as median Male: Unknown length; scutellum only narrowly meeting mesoscutum. Host: Unknown Male: Unknown Distribution: Sri Lanka Hosts : Platypus uncinatus Blandford Remarks: This species resembles M.abruptum in (Platypodidae) on Heritiera littoralis Dryand& Alton having characters mentioned under that species (Malvaceae) (Boutek, 1980). above and can be separated by the points mentioned under 'Remarks' under M.abruptum Distribution : India, Bangladesh [In Boucek's above. citation (1980) the holotype locality id shown as "Tambulbunia" with India in "?" mark.