ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT for The Project to Upgrade Max Myanmar Cement at Taung Philar Area, Lei-way Township, Nay Pyi Taw Council Area Max Myanmar Manufacturing Co., Ltd (Myanmar Environment Sustainable Conservation) October 2016 1 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT for The Project to Upgrade Max Myanmar Cement at Taung Philar Area, Lei-way Township, Nay Pyi Taw Council Area Max Myanmar Manufacturing Co., Ltd (Myanmar Environment Sustainable Conservation) October 2016 2 CONTENTS DECLARATION (By Max Myanmar Manufacturing Co., Ltd).......................................................... (i) DECLARATION (By MESC) ............................................................................................................ (ii) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................... (iii) ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATION ................................................................................................ 1 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 3 2. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATION FRAME WORK .............. 8 2.1 Corporate Environmental policy of Max Myanmar Manufacturing Co., Ltd ............................ 8 2.1.1 Environmental Policy and Legal Frame work .................................................................. 9 2.1.2 Myanmar Laws relating to environment .......................................................................... 9 2.1.3 Institutional frame work of the project proponent and Myanmar Governmental Agencies responsible for IEE/EIA/EMP....................................................................................... 11 2.1.4 Standards for Environmental and Social Sustainability ................................................. 13 2.1.5 Environmental and/or Health Standards related to the project ....................................... 17 2.1.5.1 Air quality ......................................................................................................... 17 2.1.5.2 Water quality ..................................................................................................... 17 2.1.5.3 Noise level ........................................................................................................ 19 2.1.5.4 Odour ................................................................................................................ 19 3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND ALTERNATIVE .................................................................... 20 3.1 Background of the project ...................................................................................................... 20 3.2 Project details ......................................................................................................................... 20 3.2.1 Area ............................................................................................................................... 23 3.2.2 Investment ..................................................................................................................... 23 3.2.3 Main Components of the factory ................................................................................... 24 3.2.4 Capacity of main machining .......................................................................................... 27 3.2.5 Raw Materials Requirement .......................................................................................... 28 3.2.6 Water and electricity sources ......................................................................................... 30 3.2.7 Vehicles and heavy machinery ...................................................................................... 31 3.2.8 Staffing .......................................................................................................................... 32 3.3 Brief description of the process of manufacturing cement ...................................................... 33 a 3.3.1 The process .................................................................................................................... 34 3.3.2 The dry process and clinkerization in brief .................................................................... 37 3.3.3 Certain changes and replacement ................................................................................... 37 3.4 Project Alternative .................................................................................................................. 38 4. DESCRIPTION OF THE SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT ................................................. 39 4.1 Setting the study limit ............................................................................................................. 40 4.2 Methodology for data collection and analysis......................................................................... 40 4.2.1 Methodology.................................................................................................................. 40 4.3 Physical components .............................................................................................................. 42 4.3.1 Climate .......................................................................................................................... 42 4.3.2 Topography ................................................................................................................... 45 4.3.3 Basic geology (local geology) ....................................................................................... 45 4.3.4 Rocks ............................................................................................................................. 46 4.3.5 Soils ............................................................................................................................... 46 4.3.6 Sediments ...................................................................................................................... 47 4.3.7 Surface water hydrology ................................................................................................ 47 4.3.8 Surface water quality ..................................................................................................... 47 4.3.9 Ground water ................................................................................................................. 50 4.3.10 Ambient air quality ...................................................................................................... 50 4.3.11 Ambient noise and vibration ........................................................................................ 53 4.3.12 Potential natural hazards of the area ............................................................................ 54 4.4 Biological components ........................................................................................................... 54 4.4.1 Forest ............................................................................................................................. 54 4.4.2 Flora species .................................................................................................................. 54 4.4.3 Fauna species ................................................................................................................. 61 4.4.3.1 Avian fauna (birds) ........................................................................................... 61 4.4.3.2 Herpetofauna (Amphibians and reptiles) ........................................................... 65 4.4.3.3 Mammalian fauna ............................................................................................. 68 4.4.3.4 Aquatic organisms (fish, prawn and plankton) .................................................. 71 b 4.4.4 Biodiversity up to the ecosystem level and habitats change ........................................... 79 4.5 Socio-economic components .................................................................................................. 81 4.5.1 Existing and planned use of the territory ....................................................................... 82 4.5.2 Basic demography ......................................................................................................... 83 4.5.3 Minority and/or vulnerable groups ................................................................................ 84 4.5.4 Local economy .............................................................................................................. 84 4.5.5 Existing and past land use pattern .................................................................................. 85 4.5.6 Industrial area and future development .......................................................................... 85 4.5.7 Agricultural area ............................................................................................................ 85 4.5.8 Areas with recreational, educational, historical or aesthetic value ................................. 85 4.5.9 Public infrastructure and access to public service .......................................................... 86 4.5.10 Water source ................................................................................................................ 87 4.5.11 Health status ................................................................................................................ 87 4.5.12 Unexploded ordnance (UXO) .....................................................................................