E2986 V4 FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA Public Disclosure Authorized ETHIOPIAN ROADS AUTHORITY Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized FINAL ENVIORONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF KONSO-YABELO ROAD PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized March, 2012 FEASIBILITY STUDY, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND DETAILED ENGINEERING DESIGN OF KONSO - YABELO ROAD UPGRADING PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) STUDY FINAL UPDATE REPORT PREPARED BY 1. ABEBE ABATE (SOCIOLOGIST) 2. ZELEKE CHAFAMO (ENVIRONMENTALIST) MARCH, 2012 Consultancy Services for Review of Environmental Impact Assessment, Feasibility Study and Detailed Engineering Design, and Preparation of Tender Documents of Konso – Yabelo Road Project Revised Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Study Report (Final) TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABBREVATIONS USED IN THE TEXT ................................................................................. i 0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................ ii 0.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. ii 0.2 Objectives of ESIA and Study Methodology ......................................................... ii 0.3 Policy and Legal Framework................................................................................. iii 0.4 Description of Baseline Condition ......................................................................... iv 0.4.1 The Project Location and Description…………………………………… .... iv 0.4.2 Physical Environment……………………………..………….………… ...... iv 0.4.3 Biological Environment…………………………………………………… .. iv 0.4.4 Social and Economic Environment………………………………………. .... v 0.5 Assessment of Potential Impacts ............................................................................ v 0.5.1 Positive Impacts…………………………………………………………… ... v 0.5.2 Negative Impacts on Physical Environment…………………………….. ...... v 0.5.3 Negative Impacts on Biological Environment…………………………… .... vi 0.5.4 Impacts on Socio-Economic Environment………………………………. .... vi 0.6 Analysis of Alternatives......................................................................................... vii 0.7 Impact Mitigation Measures and Monitoring Plan ............................................ vii 0.8 Environmental Mitigation, Management and Monitoring Cost Estimate ....... vii 0.9 Conclusions and Recommendations .................................................................... viii 0.9.1 Conclusion………………… ………………………………….………... viii 0.9.2 Recommendation………………………………………………………….. viii 1 INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................1 1.1 General ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Project Background and Justification ................................................................... 1 1.2.1 Project location…………………………………………………………….. .. 1 1.2.2 Project Justification……………………………………………………….. ... 3 1.3 Objectives ................................................................................................................. 3 1.4 Methodology of Assessment .................................................................................... 4 1.4.1 Sources of data collection…………………………………………………. ... 4 1.4.2 Data Analysis………………………………………………………………. .. 4 1.4.3 Impact Analysis and Evaluation………………………………………….. .... 5 2 STRATEGIES, POLICIES, LEGISLATIONS, INSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAME WORKS ....................................................................................7 2.1 The Constitution of the FDRE ................................................................................ 7 2.2 Development Strategies ........................................................................................... 7 2.2.1 Agricultural Development Led Industrialization Strategy (ADLI)……. ........ 7 2.2.2 Industrial Development Strategy………………………………………… ..... 7 2.2.3 Conservation Strategy of Ethiopia (CSE)……………………………….. ...... 8 2.2.4 The Plan for Accelerated and Sustained Development to End Poverty.. ........ 8 2.3 Policies .................................................................................................................... 11 2.3.1 Environmental Policy……………………………………………………… 11 2.3.2 Land Policy and Tenure…………………………………………………… . 11 2.3.3 National Policy on Women………………………………………………… 12 2.3.4 National Policy on HIV/AIDS……………………………………………... 12 RENARDET S.A. Consulting Engineers Ethiopian Roads Authority Consultancy Services for Review of Environmental Impact Assessment, Feasibility Study and Detailed Engineering Design, and Preparation of Tender Documents of Konso – Yabelo Road Project Revised Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Study Report (Final) 2.3.5 Sector Policy for HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control in the Work Places of ERA……………………………………………………….13 2.3.6 Biodiversity Policy…………………………………………………………. 13 2.3.7 Wildlife Policy……………………………………………………………… 14 2.3.8 Health Policy of Ethiopia………………………………………………….. 14 2.4 Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines................................................... 15 2.4.1 EPA Environmental Impact Assessment Guideline……………………... ... 15 2.4.2 World Bank Safeguard Policies…………………………………………… . 16 2.4.3 Standard Technical Specifications of ERA………………………………. .. 17 2.4.4 ERA's Environmental Procedure Manual……………………………….. .... 17 2.4.5 ERA’s Resettlement/ Rehabilitation Policy Framework………………… ... 18 2.5 Environmental Legislation.................................................................................... 18 2.5.1 Environmental Protection Organs Establishment Proclamation………........ 18 2.5.2 Environmental Impact Assessment Proclamation………………………. .... 19 2.5.3 Environmental Pollution Control Proclamation…………………………. ... 19 2.5.4 The Rural Land Administration and Land use Proclamation………….. ...... 20 2.5.5 Oromia Rural Land Use and Administration Proclamation……………. ..... 20 2.5.6 SNNPRS Rural Land Administration and Utilization Proclamation….. ....... 21 2.5.7 Proclamation on Expropriation of Landholdings for Public Purposes and Payment of Compensation………………………………..………….……...22 2.5.8 Proclamation on triggered Proc 300/2002, Proc No. 299/2002, regulation 135/2007…………….………………………………………………………22 2.5.9 Proclamation for the Conservation, Development and Utilization of Forests…………………………………………………..…………………..23 2.5.10 Research and Conservation of Cultural Heritage Proclamation…… ....... 24 2.5.11 Proclamation to Promote the Development of Mineral Resources (Proclamation No. 52/1993) ……………………………………………… . 25 2.6 International Conventions .................................................................................... 25 2.6.1 Convention on Biological Diversity………………………………………. 25 2.6.2 Framework Convention on Climate Change…………………………….. ... 26 2.6.3 The Vienna Convention on the Protection of the Ozone Layer………… ..... 26 2.6.4 The United Nations Conventions to Combat Desertification…………… .... 26 2.6.5 The Basel convention……………………………………………………… 26 2.6.6 The Stockholm Convention………………………………………………. .. 26 2.6.7 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora ……26 2.7 Environmental Institutions ................................................................................... 27 2.7.1 The Environmental Protection Authority……………………………….. .... 27 2.7.2 Sectoral Environmental Units……………………………………………. ... 27 2.7.3 Regional Environmental Agencies………………………………………... 27 2.8 Legal frame works for Public consultation and participation (PCB) ............... 28 3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND COMPONENTS ..........................................................29 3.1 Project Description ................................................................................................ 29 3.2 Project Components .............................................................................................. 29 4 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ENVIRONMENT ...................................................31 4.1 Physical Environment ........................................................................................... 31 4.1.1 Physiography………………………………………………………………..31 4.1.2 Geology ……………………………………………………………………..31 4.1.3 Hydrology and Drainage…………………………………………………… 32 4.1.4 Climate …………………………………………………………………… .. 32 4.1.5 Soils, Soil Erosion and Siltation …………………………………………… 35 4.2 Biological Environment ......................................................................................... 36 RENARDET S.A. Consulting Engineers Ethiopian Roads Authority Consultancy Services for Review of Environmental Impact Assessment, Feasibility Study and Detailed Engineering Design, and Preparation of Tender Documents of Konso – Yabelo Road Project Revised Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Study Report (Final) 4.2.1 Vegetation and Flora - Types, Density and Floristic Composition…….. ..... 36 4.2.2 Functions of Vegetation…………………………………………………… . 39 4.3 Historical, Cultural, Archeological, Paleontological and Natural Sites .................. 41 4.3.1 Fauna and Wildlife Habitats……………………………………………… .. 46 4.4 Social and Economic Environment ...................................................................... 47 4.4.1 General description of socio-economic environment……………………. ... 47 4.4.2 Bases of Subsistence and Food Crop Production………………………… 48 4.4.3 Land Use and Tenure………………………………..………………………49 4.4.4 Labour