PNNL-23805 Rev. 1 Global Social Media Directory A Resource Guide October 2015 CF Noonan AW Piatt PNNL-23805 Rev. 1 Global Social Media Directory CF Noonan AW Piatt October 2015 Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, Washington 99352 Abstract Social media platforms are internet-based applications focused on broadcasting user-generated content. While primarily web-based, these services are increasingly available on mobile platforms. Communities and individuals share information, photos, music, videos, provide commentary and ratings/reviews, and more. In essence, social media is about sharing information, consuming information, and repurposing content. Social media technologies identified in this report are centered on social networking services, media sharing, blogging and microblogging. The purpose of this Resource Guide is to provide baseline information about use and application of social media platforms around the globe. It is not intended to be comprehensive as social media evolves on an almost daily basis. The long-term goal of this work is to identify social media information about all geographic regions and nations. The primary objective is that of understanding the evolution and spread of social networking and user-generated content technologies internationally. iii Periodic Updates This document is dynamic and will be updated periodically as funding permits. Social media changes rapidly. Due to the nature of technological change and human fancy, content in this Directory is viewed as informational. As such, the authors provide no guarantees for accuracy of the data. Revision Information Revision Number Topic Areas Updated Notes Revision 1 issued, Brazil updated; Added Updated Figure 1 and Table 1. Added new country October 2015 Indonesia, Kenya, content for Indonesia, Kenya, Nigeria, Turkey, and Nigeria, Turkey updated Brazil; added all country data to Appendix Cleared for public Russia Expanded and updated original data release, October 2014 Pre-release version 3, Executive Summary Table 1 February 2013 Middle East/N. Africa Overview; Facebook data updates in all countries with the exception of Syria; Additional content added to Iran Appendix Minor updates to MENA Country Alexa.com popularity/ranking of sites and number of Facebook.com users; “Top 10” social networking sites for countries in the MENA section added or removed if identified in Alexa.com; Two new social media sites were identified for Qatar and added to the Appendix. API information not yet retrieved. These sites will be investigated further in a future update. Pre-release version 2, European Section added Overview; Germany May 2013 Appendix “Top 10” social networking sites for three countries in the European section added as identified in Alexa.com. Pre-release version 1, Africa (Sub-Saharan Overview); Asia Overview, China, Pakistan, Russia; October 2012 Europe Overview, Germany; Latin & Central America Overview, Mexico; Middle East & Northern Africa Overview, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen; South America, Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela; Appendix v Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................................. iii Periodic Updates ................................................................................................................................. v Contents ............................................................................................................................................. vi Figures ............................................................................................................................................ viii Tables ................................................................................................................................................. ix 1.0 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 11 2.0 AFRICA (Sub-Saharan Overview) ........................................................................................... 15 2.1 General Social Media Information ................................................................................... 15 2.2 Kenya ............................................................................................................................... 20 2.3 Nigeria .............................................................................................................................. 24 3.0 ASIA ......................................................................................................................................... 28 3.1 General Social Media Information ................................................................................... 28 3.2 China ................................................................................................................................ 33 3.3 Indonesia .......................................................................................................................... 37 3.4 Pakistan ............................................................................................................................ 40 3.5 Russia ............................................................................................................................... 43 4.0 EUROPE ................................................................................................................................... 52 4.1 General Social Media Information ................................................................................... 52 4.2 Germany ........................................................................................................................... 55 4.3 Turkey .............................................................................................................................. 61 5.0 LATIN & CENTRAL AMERICA ........................................................................................... 66 5.1 Mexico .............................................................................................................................. 66 6.0 MIDDLE EAST & NORTHERN AFRICA ............................................................................. 70 6.1 General Social Media Information ................................................................................... 70 6.2 Facebook in the Arab Region ........................................................................................... 70 6.3 Twitter in the Arab Region ............................................................................................... 73 6.4 Algeria .............................................................................................................................. 75 6.5 Bahrain ............................................................................................................................. 78 6.6 Egypt ................................................................................................................................ 81 6.7 Iran ................................................................................................................................... 84 6.8 Iraq ................................................................................................................................... 89 6.9 Israel ................................................................................................................................. 92 6.10 Jordan ............................................................................................................................... 96 6.11 Kuwait ............................................................................................................................ 100 6.12 Lebanon .......................................................................................................................... 103 6.13 Morocco ......................................................................................................................... 106 vi 6.14 Oman .............................................................................................................................. 109 6.15 Palestine ......................................................................................................................... 112 6.16 Qatar ............................................................................................................................... 115 6.17 Saudi Arabia ................................................................................................................... 118 6.18 Syria ............................................................................................................................... 122 6.19 Tunisia ............................................................................................................................ 125 6.20 United Arab Emirates ..................................................................................................... 129 6.21 Yemen ............................................................................................................................ 133 7.0 SOUTH AMERICA ............................................................................................................... 136 7.1 General Social Media Information