ACR / SPARTAN / SAA Ankylosing Spondylitis and Non-radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis Treatment Guidelines Evidence Report This Evidence Report is comprised of data tables organized according to seven content domains, beginning with Pharmacologic therapy. Each table summarizes the data that are relevant to the previously developed “PICO” questions--i.e. clinical scenarios that specify a Patient population, a proposed Intervention, a Comparison or alternate course of action, and an Outcome. The tables include the number of studies that report the particular outcome, the study design employed in those studies (e.g. randomized trial), and the quality assessment of the data from these studies, according to ratings of members of the Literature Review Team. Four components were rated in this quality assessment: risk of bias in the studies, imprecision in the estimates of effect for the outcome, inconsistency among studies, indirectness (e.g., whether the study examined a similar, but distinct patient group or intervention), and publication bias. The table also reports on the number of patients in the Intervention and Comparison (Control) groups across all relevant studies, as well as the weighted relative and absolute effect size across all the relevant studies. This effect was often reported as the mean difference (MD) in the outcome between the intervention and comparison groups. All of these items were synthesized to produce an overall quality score (rated 1 to 4; ⊕ΟΟΟ το ⊕⊕⊕⊕) for that particular outcome. Finally, an importance rating was applied to the outcome based on the priority assigned to the outcome in the outcome framework (manuscript, Table 1). 1 Table of Contents Literature Review Team Members ................................................................................................................................................................ 4 Definitions and Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Evidence Summaries Pharmacologic Therapy PICO 1 ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6 PICO 33 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 PICO 2 ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 9 PICO 3 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 PICO 35 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 16 PICO 4 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 17 PICO 36 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 18 PICO 13 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 19 PICO 45 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 20 PICO 14 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 20 PICO 46 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 20 PICO 15 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 20 PICO 47 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 20 PICO 5 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 21 PICO 37 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 22 PICO 6 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 PICO 38 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 PICO 8 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 29 PICO 40 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 33 PICO 9 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 34 PICO 41 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 35 PICO 10 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 35 PICO 42 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 35 PICO 7 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 36 PICO 39 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 46 PICO 11 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 47 PICO 43 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 47 PICO 12 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 47 2 PICO 44 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 48 Rehabilitation/Physical Therapy PICO 16 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 49 PICO 17 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 50 PICO 18 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 50 PICO 19 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 53 PICO 20 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 56 PICO 21 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 57 PICO 22 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 58 PICO 23 ............................................................................................................................................................................................