Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván Editor Pollution of Water Bodies in Latin America Impact of Contaminants on Species of Ecological Interest Pollution of Water Bodies in Latin America Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván Editor Pollution of Water Bodies in Latin America Impact of Contaminants on Species of Ecological Interest Editor Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico ISBN 978-3-030-27295-1 ISBN 978-3-030-27296-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27296-8 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, speci!cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on micro!lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a speci!c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional af!liations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Preface The indiscriminate use of chemical substances in industrial processes and anthropo- genic activities have resulted in the release of these compounds in aquatic ecosys- tems through municipal, hospital, and industrial discharges, causing various undesired effects on the environment and on the species of ecological interest. These compounds such as metals, pesticides, emerging pollutants, and other sub- stances are persistent and susceptible of biotic and/or abiotic transformations, yield- ing metabolites that can be more toxic than the original compounds by the ecological interest species. One of the problems of rivers, bodies of water, groundwater, and coastal areas of Latin America is the contamination of them, understanding this as the incorporation of foreign matter, microorganisms, chemicals, industrial, and other types of waste into the water or wastewater. The issue of water pollution is a complex issue to address and of collective inter- est, especially when water sources, such as rivers, lakes, and aquifers, have worri- some conditions because they are overexploited, are being contaminated, and are appropriated by particular interests at a disadvantage for traditional populations settled in territories of economic interest. In addition, historically, an increase in water requirements has been identi!ed, in quantity and quality, due to the growth of the population to carry out human activities and to provide a healthy environment for all living beings. In the chapters included in this book are indicated data of different toxicological !ndings identi!ed by the presence of contaminants such as metals, pesticides, hydrocarbons, and emerging microcontaminants, among others, in various organ- isms of economic and ecological interest including amphipods, amphibians, and !sh in various bodies of water from countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico. The authors are well-known researchers from Latin America and make exhaus- tive reviews and show the !ndings identi!ed in their investigations related to the occurrence of pollutants, the toxicity using various biomarkers, as well as some methodologies for the removal of contaminants. This compilation of research in v vi Preface Latin American countries allows us to have a very speci!c vision of the speci!c water problem of this region of the world. The authors and I hope that our book complies with the diverse and generalized expectations and needs for information about the contamination problem in Latin America. I thank all the authors in this book for their professional expertise and thorough- ness in writing up their chapters, the Faculty of Chemistry at the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México for the unending support it has shown as my employing entity, my research group, and my family, most especially to my mother, Aida Oliván Rebollo, and friends for the enthusiasm and support they have always shown. Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván Contents 1 Historical Findings on Presence of Pollutants in Water Bodies in Latin America and Their Ecotoxicological Impact . 1 Alejandro Mejía García, Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván, Hariz Islas- Flores, and Nely San Juan-Reyes 2 Toxicity Produced by an Industrial Effluent from Mexico on the Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) . 23 Nely San Juan-Reyes, Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván, Hariz Islas-Flores, Marcela Galar-Martínez, Sandra García-Medina, and Ricardo Pérez-Pastén Borja 3 Pesticide Contamination in Southern Brazil . 43 Barbara Clasen, Camila Murussi, and Tamiris Storck 4 Embryotoxicity and Teratogenicity Induced by Naproxen in Xenopus laevis, Species of Ecological Interest in Mexico . 55 Hariz Islas-Flores, Itzayana Pérez-Alvarez, Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván, and Nely San Juan-Reyes 5 Differential Responses of Biochemical and Behavioral Parameters in the Native Gastropod Chilina gibbosa Exposed Subchronically to Environmental Concentrations of Two Insecticides Used in Argentina . 67 Beverly Boburg, Lucila Thomsett Herbert, Paula Cossi, and Gisela Kristoff 6 Oxidative Stress Induced by Water from a Hospital Effluent of the City of Toluca, Mexico, on Hyalella azteca . 79 Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván, Hariz Islas-Flores, Nely San Juan-Reyes, Marcela Galar-Martínez, Sandra García-Medina, and Armando Elizalde-Velázquez vii viii Contents 7 Evaluation of the Toxicity of Municipal Effluents from a Locality in the State of Mexico Using Hyalella azteca as a Bioindicator . 97 Leopoldo Islas-Flores, Karen Adriana Novoa-Luna, Hariz Islas-Flores, Nely San Juan-Reyes, and Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván 8 Analysis of Heavy Metals Present on Air Through the Toxicity Analysis in Water by the Gas Washer Method, Using the Organism Daphnia magna . 113 Tamila Kleine, Therezinha Maria Novais de Oliveira, and Sandra Helena Westrupp Medeiros 9 Ecotoxicological Studies of Metal Pollution in Sea Turtles of Latin America . 129 Camila Miguel and Marcelo Renan de Deus Santos 10 Evaluation of the Toxicity of an Industrial Effluent Before and After a Treatment with Sn-Modified TiO2 Under UV Irradiation Through Oxidative Stress Biomarkers . 157 Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván, Dora Alicia Solís-Casados, Hariz Islas- Flores, and Nely San Juan-Reyes 11 Effects of River Pollution on Its Biota: Results from a 20-Year Study in the Suquía River Basin (Córdoba, Argentina) . 177 María Valeria Amé, María Laura Ballesteros, María de los Ángeles Bistoni, Andrea Cecilia Hued, Magdalena Victoria Monferrán, and Daniel Alberto Wunderlin 12 Effects Induced by the Presence of Metals in Species of Economic and Ecological Importance in Mexican Aquatic Environments . 201 Fernando Alberto Mares Guzmán, Mario Alejandro Muñoz Nájera, Guadalupe Barrera Escorcia, and Patricia Ramírez Romero 13 Environmental Pollution by Hydrocarbons in Colombia and Its Impact on the Health of Aquatic Ecosystems . 229 Yohana M. Velasco-Santamaría, Wilson Corredor-Santamaría, and Alexander Torres-Tabares 14 Biomonitoring of Diffuse Contamination in the Subtropical Region of Brazil: Multibiomarker Assessment in Neotropical Freshwater Fishes . 255 Nédia de Castilhos Ghisi and Elton Celton de Oliveira 15 Genotoxicity Biomarkers in Fish Erythrocytes and Water Quality Parameters . 275 Thaís Dalzochio, Natália Bordin Andriguetti, Leonardo Airton Ressel Simões, Günther Gehlen, and Luciano Basso da Silva Contents ix 16 Health Diagnosis of the Fish Scomberomorus cavalla from Tecolutla, Ver. México . 291 Verónica Ramírez-Trejo, Pamela Becerra-Amezcua, Irma Hernández- Calderas, Patricia Ramírez-Romero, Alfonso Vázquez-Botello, and Xochitl Guzmán-García 17 Histopathological Assessment of Organisms in Ecotoxicological Studies from Mexico . 311 Meztli Matadamas-Guzman, Irma Hernández-Calderas, Juan Carlos Segoviano Ramírez, and Xochitl Guzmán-García 18 Histopathological Analysis of the Intestine from Mugil cephalus on Environment Reference Sites . 319 Gabriela Huerta-Aguirre, Kartagena María Paredes-Ramos, Mayra Pamela Becerra-Amezcua, Irma Hernández-Calderas, Meztli Matadamas-Guzman, and Xochitl Guzmán-García 19 Impacts Caused by Manganese in the Aquatic Environments of Brazil . 329 Gabriela Zimmermann Prado Rodrigues, Mateus Santos de Souza, and Günther Gehlen 20 Genotoxic Effect of Amoxicillin on Peripheral Blood of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) . 339 Armando Elizalde-Velázquez, Martínez-Rodríguez Héctor, Marcela Galar- Martínez, Luis Gerardo Bernadac Villegas, Octavio Dublán-García, and Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván Final Conclusions . 351 Index . 357 Chapter 1 Historical Findings on Presence of Pollutants