Hawaiʻi State Historic Preservation Plan October 2012 to October 2017 I ka wā ma mua ka wā hope Contents 1) Executive Summary.....................................................................1 2) Introduction...............................................................................2 a) Background...........................................................................2 b) What is Historic Preservation? What are Historic Properties?......... 3 c) Why do we need a State Historic Preservation Plan?.....................4 d) How can we use the plan?.........................................................4 3) Vision, Mission & Guiding Principles.............................................5 a) Vision....................................................................................5 b) Mission.................................................................................5 c) Guiding Principles...................................................................5 4) Hawai‘i Communities Benefit from Historic Preservation................6 5) Informing the Statewide Preservation Plan - Description of the process and summary of input.....................................................6 a) Advisory Committee.................................................................7 b) Community meetings on all islands.............................................7 c) Workshops.............................................................................7 d) Personal Interviews..................................................................8 e) Survey of the General Population...............................................8 6) Overview of Historic Preservation in Hawaiʻi................................10 a) Statewide Resources..............................................................10 b) Historic Preservation Stakeholders............................................12 c) Certified Local Government Program.........................................12 d) State Historic Preservation Division...........................................12 7) Summary of Trends and Issues Related to Historic Preservation....14 a) Native Hawaiian Cultural Perspectives and Considerations on Preservation..........................................................................14 b) Hawaiʻi as Home to Many Cultures and Associated Historic Properties.............................................................................15 c) Mid-Century Historic Properties................................................15 d) Environmental Sustainability.....................................................15 e) Historic Landscapes & Natural Area Preservation.........................16 f) Cultural and Heritage Tourism..................................................16 g) Civil Emergencies..................................................................16 h) Historic Resource Inventories and the Protection of Information and Artifacts Obtained from Archaeological Investigations............17 i) Community Involvement and Outreach......................................17 j) Demographic Trends in the State...............................................18 k) Impact of HRS Section 6E.......................................................18 l) Areas of Focus for 2012-2017...................................................20 8) Goals, objectives and Action Plan..............................................21 a) Action Plan 2012-2017 Structure...............................................21 b) Goal 1: Increase awareness, understanding and support for historic preservation throughout the State...................................21 c) Goal 2: Develop and maintain an effective survey and inventory process supported by an easily accessible database and GIS........25 d) Goal 3: Increase the number of identified, documented, protected and properly maintained historic properties reflective of the diversity of the State......................................................27 e) Goal 4: Strengthen the Infrastructure for Historic Preservation in Hawaiʻi..............................................................................30 9) Implementation of the Plan........................................................32 Appendix A: Acknowledgements..................................................33 Appendix B: State of Hawaiʻi Historic Preservation Plan Survey..........37 Appendix C: Public Input Meetings...............................................40 Appendix D: SHPD Existing Organization with noted vacancies..........41 Appendix E: SHPD Proposed Organization Chart with sufficient funding.................................................................................42 Appendix F: Participants in the 10th Annual Historic Preservation Day at the State Capitol...........................................................43 Appendix G: Historic Preservation Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Challenges List.............................................44 Appendix H: Acronyms...............................................................47 Appendix I: Glossary...................................................................48 Appendix J: Bibliography.............................................................51 Appendix K: Photos.....................................................................52 Hanapepe Salt Pans, Kauai State Register, 9/30/88 Hawaiʻi State Historic Preservation Plan October 2012 to October 2017 I ka wā ma mua ka wā hope1 1) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The purpose of this Hawaiʻi Historic Preservation Plan is to guide efforts to preserve and protect the valuable historic properties and cultural sites located in the State of Hawaiʻi. The plan establishes goals and objectives that the community has determined to be important for historic preservation. It defines strategies and actions that will serve as a road map for future activities with an eye toward achieving the preservation goals of the community. The following actions were undertaken to gather broad-based input for the foundation of this plan: an Advisory Committee was formed and met three times; seven community meetings were conducted on six islands; three workshops were held with professionals with an in-depth knowledge of architec- ture, archaeology and native Hawaiian burials, and traditional cultural properties; personal interviews were conducted with professionals, Native Hawaiian organizations and Federal, State and County Managers; and a survey was conducted with residents throughout the State. In addition, a dedicated website was developed for the planning process enabling community members to access notes from meetings as well as the plan draft for comments. Building on community input, the Advisory Committee developed four major goals. • Goal 1: Increase awareness, understanding and support for historic preservation throughout the State. • Goal 2: Develop and maintain an inventory process supported by an easily accessible database of sites and an associated Geographic Information System (GIS). • Goal 3: Increase the number of identified, protected and properly maintained historic properties reflective of the diversity of the State. • Goal 4: Strengthen the infrastructure for historic preservation in Hawaiʻi. Each goal is accompanied by objectives, action steps, and measureable outcomes. Through imple- mentation of this plan we as a community move closer to our vision of “a comprehensive program of historic preservation at all levels of government to promote the respectful use and conservation of historic and cultural resources for the education, inspiration, pleasure and enrichment of the public in a spirit of stewardship and trusteeship for future generations.” 1 Native Hawaiian olelo no‘eau that means “we cannot move into the future without learning from the past.” – 1 – 2) INTRODUCTION a) Background In 1966, the United States Congress passed the National Historic Preservation Act2 (NHPA). This legislation intended to preserve historical and archaeological sites in the United States of America. Through this act several institutions were established: The Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, The State Historic Preservation Offices, The National Register of Historic Places, and the Section 106 review process. Later amendments strengthened the previously developed act. In 1976, Congress extended Section 106 of the NHPA review process to include buildings, archaeological sites, and other historic resources eligible for listing on the National Register, not just those already on the Register. Section 106 of NHPA requires Federal agencies to take into account the effects of their undertakings on historic properties and afford the Council [Advisory Council on Historic Preservation] a reasonable opportunity to comment on such undertakings.3 In 1980, Section 110 was added. It added further requirements for federal agencies such as the need to establish their own internally staffed historic preservation programs. In 1992, amendments increased protection for Native American and Native Hawaiian preservation efforts. NHPA increased awareness of the intrinsic value of historic properties for our communities and our country, and put into place review processes that provide for more public input, thought and consider- ation before historic properties on or eligible for the National Register, are impacted by federal undertakings. NHPA is guided by the policy statement within the act: It shall be the policy of the Federal Government, in cooperation with other nations and in partnership with the States, local governments,