AN ANALYSIS OF FEMALE MAIN CHARACTER IN MALEFICENT (2014) FILM VIEWED BY ECOLOGICAL FEMINISM A Thesis Submitted to Faculty of Adab and Humanities In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Strata 1 Degree (S1) By: Dewi Hegarsari Reg. 1111026000081 ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF ADAB AND HUMANITIES STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2017 ABSTRACT Dewi Hegarsari, An Analysis of Female Main Character in Maleficent (2014) Movie Viewed by Ecological Feminism. A Thesis: English Language and Literature Department, Faculty of Adab and Humanities, State Islamic University of Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2017. Maleficent 2014 film directed by Robert Stromberg is the unit analysis of this research. The research aims to reveal ecological feminism relations between female characters named Maleficent and Nature portrayed in this film. This study employs descriptive analytical method on Ecological Feminism Karen J Warren as the theory to find and reveal issues which contained in this film. The results were evaluated by examining female characters and nature in environment based on their lives. After analyzing this film, the writer found that women and nature relations in Maleficent film consisted into two categories. First, for the oppression of women, the study found that Maleficent as the main female character when she experienced oppression by Stefan, she became grudge, anger, hatred, and alone. Second, the oppression of nature that occurred in Moors environment in a way damage and destroy the plants, animals, and a surrounding environment. Women and nature relations in the film is seen as the same object that is suffered the oppression as both are considered weak. Therefore, the men have an opportunity to oppress nature and do the same thing to women. Keywords: Ecological feminism, Women and Nature, Character Analysis. DECLARATION I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and I do the best of my knowledge and belief. It contains no material previously published and written by another person nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma of the university or other institution of higher learning, except where due acknowledgement has made in the text. Jakarta, 30 January 2017 Dewi Hegarsari iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the name of Allah, The Most Merciful All praises be to Allah Subhanahu WaTa’ala, the lord of Universe. The writer would like to be grateful to Allah Subhanahu WaTa’ala, helping and guiding in every step of her life. Many obstacles, pain and falling have to be faced by the writer but Allah always give light, serenity and way out as the reward of passing the hard way. May Allah bless the writer and all people the writer loves. Peace and blessing for beloved prophet Muhammad Shallallahu’alaihi Wa Sallam, families, friends and followers. The writer would like to say her gratitude to her precious person in her live, her father and her mother, who always give their constant prayer, affection, patience, spiritual and financial supports to their daughter during her study and the process of making this final paper. Their advices and rebukes give her strength in living this life. Thanks for always being there for her whenever she need it. Purely, she dedicated this thesis to her parents. The writer would like to take this opportunity for expressing her deep and sincere gratitude and thankfulness to her thesis advisor, Akhmad Zakky Thank you for your guidance, advice, idea, suggestion and contribution in finishing this thesis; and all of the lecturers of English Department who have taught and educated her during her study. Thus, the writer also would like to say thanks to her examiner, Elve Oktafiyani, M. Hum. and Inayatul Chusna, M. Hum. for their time and guidance in thesis examination. v The writer wants to say huge thanks and love for every sacrifice especially to her beloved brothers and sister for their varieties of support they have given to her, whether emotional or informational. They have helped her remain stable in times of instability, and helped guide her in my moments of confusion. To all her awesome friends, KKN MENTARI, ELD C, Class of Literature 2011 and thank you for listening, sharing thought, offering help, giving advice and supporting her through this entire process. For all people who helped the writer to finish this thesis that cannot be mentioned one by one, thank you for the kindness and inspiration. May Allah’s bless for the success, happiness and hopes this thesis can be useful, especially for the writer and the reader. Jakarta, 30 January 2017 Dewi Hegarsari vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………. i APPROVEMENT ……………………………………………………… ii LEGALIZATION ……………………………………………………… iii DECLARATION ………………………………………………………. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT …………………………………………….. v TABLE OF CONTENTS ……………………………………………… vii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ……………………………………… 1 A. The Background of the Study ………………………………... 1 B. The Focus of the Research …………………………………… 5 C. The Research Question ………………………………………. 5 D. The Significance of the Research ……………………………. 5 E. The Research Methodology ………………………………….. 5 1. The Objective of the Research ……………………….. 6 2. The Method of the Research …………………………. 6 3. The Technique of Data Analysis …………………….. 6 4. The Instrument of the Research ……………………… 7 5. The Unit of Analysis …………………………………. 7 F. The Time and Place of the Research ………………………… 7 CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK ……………………. 8 A. Previous Research ……………………………………………. 8 B. Ecological Feminism ………………………………………… 10 vii C. Character and Characterization ……………………………… 11 1. Stock Characters and Stereotypes ……………………. 12 2. Static and Dynamic Characters ………………………. 12 3. Round and Flat Characters …………………………… 13 4. Characterization through Appearance ………………... 14 5. Characterization through Dialogue …………………… 14 6. Characterization through External Action …………… 15 7. Characterization through Internal Action ……………. 15 D. Karen J Warren Theory ………………………………………. 16 1. Conceptual Connections …………………………….. 17 2. Symbolic Connections ………………………………. 20 3. Theoretical Connections …………………………….. 20 4. Political (Praxis) Connections ………………………. 21 CHAPTER III RESEARCH FINDING ………………………………. 22 A. The Character of Maleficent ………………………………… 22 1. Forgiving …………………………………………….. 22 2. Leadership ……………………………………………. 25 3. Courageous …………………………………………… 26 4. Powerful ……………………………………………… 27 5. Grudge ……………………………………………….. 28 6. Lovable ……………………………………………….. 31 B. The Ecological Feminism of Maleficent Film ……………….. 34 a. The oppressions of Nature …………………………… 34 viii b. The oppressions of Women ………………………….. 40 CHAPTER IV CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS …………….. 45 A. Conclusions …………………………………………………… 45 B. Suggestions …………………………………………………… 46 BIBLIOGRAPHY ……………………………………………………… 47 APPENDICES ………………………………………………………….. 49 ix CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the study Women's rights neglect often lead to a discrimination, exploitation, violence, injustice, and others in which feminists consider it as an oppression of women. The oppression of women takes place in almost all countries and religious groups. Where the oppression that took place in almost all countries has been successfully dismantled by the feminists in their respective countries, and continue to expose the experience of oppression experienced by women. The main purpose of tearing down the oppression of women is to fight for the humanity of women to be equal with men (Simon 4). Feminism began to show its existence in the era of liberalism in Europe and the time of the French Revolution in the eighteenth century (18) which evolved into the United States and around the world. At that time, Mary Wollstonecraft in the late 18th century wrote a book entitled, "Vindication of the rights of women", the contents of which can be said to lay down the basic principles of feminism later (Tong 21). The essence of feminism is for women to have equality as do men. However, in the direction of gender equality between women and men, feminists are divided into several streams according to the main focus of their teachings. Such as, liberal feminism, radical feminism, Marxist and socialist feminism, existentialism feminism, psychoanalytic feminism, postmodern feminism, and Ecofeminism. 1 2 Ecofeminism born of an anxiety would feminist perspective on nature and human behavior (women) who proved destructive to the ecological and creating gender inequality, which in turn threatens the process of development and human existence itself. The bad reality felt by nature today is the same as that of women. The development process takes a long time with the exploitation of natural resources has become an important marker bad that the idea will humans relate to nature, need to be deconstructed again (Irwan 5). And it becomes important, as this ecological slump is created at a time when development is dominated by patriarchs. The fundamental aspect of the patriarchal view of nature is the obsession to dominate the world, not humans. Like men dominate women. According to Warren (360), hierarchical thinking, dualistic, and oppressive it has damaged nature and women. Warren wants to assert that the patriarchal view of nature has influenced what women are. Nature is the same as women. Women are the same as nature. Rejection of the ecofeminism against patriarchal worldview that wants to dominate nature, according to ecofeminism, the same as there is no justification of male superiority against the destruction of nature and women with a mature plan (19). But in fact,