Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Carbon Accounting Tools for Sustainable Land Management Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized 1 Carbon Accounting Tools for Sustainable Land Management Anass Toudert, Ademola Braimoh, Martial Bernoux, Maylina St-Louis, Manar Abdelmagied, Louis Bockel, Adriana Ignaciuk, and Yuxuan Zhao 2 Contents Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................................................ 9 Acronyms.................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................................... 12 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 17 2. Sustainable land management and carbon benefits ...................................................................................... 19 2.1 Sustainable land management defined .......................................................................................................... 19 2.2 Carbon benefits of SLM projects ................................................................................................................... 20 2.3 Methodology for the study ............................................................................................................................. 21 3. Screening of carbon accounting tools ............................................................................................................. 23 3.1 Carbon tools identification and characterization ............................................................................................. 23 3.1.1 Availability and geographical coverage .................................................................................................... 24 3.1.2 Activities scope ......................................................................................................................................... 25 3.1.3 Data requirements ..................................................................................................................................... 27 3.1.4 Time and skills requirements .................................................................................................................... 27 3.1.5 Conclusion and remarks ............................................................................................................................ 28 4. Short-listed tools for comparative analysis.......................................................................................................... 32 4.1 Detailed description of short-listed tools .......................................................................................................... 32 4.1.1 Carbon Benefits Project Modeling Tools .................................................................................................. 32 4.1.2 Agence Française de Développement Carbon Footprint Tool .................................................................. 33 4.1.3 Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Use Carbon Calculator (AFOLU Carb) ....................................... 35 4.1.4 Carbon Assessment Tool for Afforestation and Reforestation .................................................................. 36 4.1.5 Cool Farm Tool ......................................................................................................................................... 37 4.1.6 Climate Change, Agriculture, and Food Security Mitigation Options Tool (CCAFS-MOT) ................... 38 4.1.7 Ex-Ante Carbon-Balance Tool .................................................................................................................. 39 4.2 Detailed characterization of the short-listed tools ............................................................................................ 40 4.2.1 Assessing GHG consequences of projects ................................................................................................ 40 4.2.2 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change methods ............................................................................. 41 4.2.3 Accounting for climate and soil ................................................................................................................ 42 4.2.4 GHG scope ................................................................................................................................................ 43 4.2.5 Uncertainties ............................................................................................................................................. 44 4.2.6 Presentation of GHG assessment results and shortlisted tools .................................................................. 45 4.2.7 Overall comments and conclusion ............................................................................................................ 46 5. Application of the Short-Listed Tools to GEF Development Projects .............................................................. 47 Desk study analysis .................................................................................................................................................... 49 5.1 Belarus-Forestry Development Project (FDP) ................................................................................................. 49 5.1.1 Detailed project analysis per activity for the Belarus Forestry Development Project ............................... 50 5.1.1.1 Afforestation/reforestation (initial land use: perennial cropland) .................................................... 50 5.1.1.2 Forest management and degradation (forest fire management) ....................................................... 51 5.1.1.2.1 Inputs and investments (electricity, gasoil, wood consumption, and irrigation) ....................... 52 5.1.2 Project carbon balance .............................................................................................................................. 52 5.2 Brazil, GEF Rio Grande do Sul Biodiversity .................................................................................................... 52 3 5.2.1 Detailed project analysis per activity for the Brazil GEF Rio Grande do Sul Biodiversity Project .......... 53 5.2.1.1 Grassland management ..................................................................................................................... 53 5.2.2 Project carbon balance .............................................................................................................................. 54 5.3 Brazil, Caatinga Conservation and Sustainable Management Project ............................................................. 54 5.3.1 Detailed project analysis per activity for the Brazil Caatinga Conservation and Sustainable Management Project ................................................................................................................................................................ 55 5.3.1.1 Afforestation/reforestation (ILU: grassland) .................................................................................... 55 5.3.1.2 Annual crops development (ILU: degraded land) ............................................................................. 56 5.3.1.3 Perennial crops development (ILU: degraded land) ......................................................................... 57 5.3.2 Project carbon balance .............................................................................................................................. 57 5.4 Burkina Faso, Third Phase Community Based Rural Development Project .................................................... 57 5.4.1 Detailed project analysis per activity for Burkina Faso Third Phase Community Based Rural Development Project .......................................................................................................................................... 58 5.4.1.1 Deforestation (Final land use: grassland) ........................................................................................ 58 5.4.1.2 Forest management and degradation ................................................................................................ 59 5.4.2 Project carbon balance .............................................................................................................................. 59 5.5 Burundi, Sustainable Coffee Landscape Project............................................................................................... 59 5.5.1 Detailed project analysis per activity for the Burundi Sustainable Coffee Landscape Project .................. 60 5.5.1.1 Afforestation/reforestation (ILU: set aside land) .............................................................................. 60 5.5.1.2 Perennial crops improvement ............................................................................................................ 61 5.5.1.3 Forest management and degradation ................................................................................................ 61 5.5.2 Project carbon balance .............................................................................................................................. 62 5.6 China,