R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countries Part I: Introduction Valentin Todorov1 1United Nations Industrial Development Organization, Vienna 18-20 May 2015 Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 1 / 1 Outline Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 2 / 1 About R Outline Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 3 / 1 About R What is R • R is a language and environment for statistical computing and graphics • R is based on the S language originally developed by John Chambers and colleagues at AT&T Bell Labs in the late 1970s and early 1980s • R (sometimes called "GNU S\ ) is free open source software licensed under the GNU general public license (GPL 2) • R was created by Robert Gentleman and Ross Ihaka at the University of Auckland as a test bed for trying out some ideas in statistical computing • R is formally known as The R Project for Statistical Computing: http://www.r-project.org Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 4 / 1 About R The R project • The R Project is an international collaboration of researchers in statistical computing. • There are roughly 20 members of the "R Core Team\ who maintain and enhance R. • Releases of the R environment are made through the CRAN (comprehensive R archive network) twice per year. • The software is released under a "free software\ license, which makes it possible for anyone to download and use it. • There are over 6000 extension packages that have been contributed to CRAN. Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 5 / 1 About R Popularity of R • The number of R users continues to increase exponentially since 1996. • Google, Facebook, Pfizter, Merc, Bank of America, . (a long list...) use R in production. • New developed methods and algorithms are almost always only in R available. • Most Universities teach statistics with R. • In indexes and rankings (e.g. Tiobe, Online-help, Downloads, number of projects, etc) R leads. Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 6 / 1 About R Popularity of R From http://r4stats.com/articles/popularity/ But what about Official statistics? Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 7 / 1 About R Popularity of R From http://r4stats.com/articles/popularity/ But what about Official statistics? Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 7 / 1 About R Popularity of R Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 8 / 1 The advantages and disadvantages of R Outline Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 9 / 1 The advantages and disadvantages of R The advantages of R R is a powerful and free statistical environment and programming language for data management, statistical computing, graphics with the following features: - R is the most comprehensive statistical analysis package incorporating all of the standard statistical tests, models, and analyses. - Outstanding graphical capabilities. R provides a fully programmable graphics language that surpasses most other statistical and graphical packages. - A comprehensive and efficient programming language (although with some flaws and wired features). - Efficient matrix manipulation (implemented in C or Fortran) built in the language. - Object oriented programming language Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 10 / 1 The advantages and disadvantages of R The advantages of R R is a powerful and free statistical environment and programming language for data management, statistical computing, graphics with the following features: - R is the most comprehensive statistical analysis package incorporating all of the standard statistical tests, models, and analyses. - Outstanding graphical capabilities. R provides a fully programmable graphics language that surpasses most other statistical and graphical packages. - A comprehensive and efficient programming language (although with some flaws and wired features). - Efficient matrix manipulation (implemented in C or Fortran) built in the language. - Object oriented programming language Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 10 / 1 The advantages and disadvantages of R The advantages of R R is a powerful and free statistical environment and programming language for data management, statistical computing, graphics with the following features: - R is the most comprehensive statistical analysis package incorporating all of the standard statistical tests, models, and analyses. - Outstanding graphical capabilities. R provides a fully programmable graphics language that surpasses most other statistical and graphical packages. - A comprehensive and efficient programming language (although with some flaws and wired features). - Efficient matrix manipulation (implemented in C or Fortran) built in the language. - Object oriented programming language Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 10 / 1 The advantages and disadvantages of R The advantages of R R is a powerful and free statistical environment and programming language for data management, statistical computing, graphics with the following features: - R is the most comprehensive statistical analysis package incorporating all of the standard statistical tests, models, and analyses. - Outstanding graphical capabilities. R provides a fully programmable graphics language that surpasses most other statistical and graphical packages. - A comprehensive and efficient programming language (although with some flaws and wired features). - Efficient matrix manipulation (implemented in C or Fortran) built in the language. - Object oriented programming language Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 10 / 1 The advantages and disadvantages of R The advantages of R R is a powerful and free statistical environment and programming language for data management, statistical computing, graphics with the following features: - R is the most comprehensive statistical analysis package incorporating all of the standard statistical tests, models, and analyses. - Outstanding graphical capabilities. R provides a fully programmable graphics language that surpasses most other statistical and graphical packages. - A comprehensive and efficient programming language (although with some flaws and wired features). - Efficient matrix manipulation (implemented in C or Fortran) built in the language. - Object oriented programming language Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 10 / 1 The advantages and disadvantages of R The advantages of R R is a powerful and free statistical environment and programming language for data management, statistical computing, graphics with the following features: - R is the most comprehensive statistical analysis package incorporating all of the standard statistical tests, models, and analyses. - Outstanding graphical capabilities. R provides a fully programmable graphics language that surpasses most other statistical and graphical packages. - A comprehensive and efficient programming language (although with some flaws and wired features). - Efficient matrix manipulation (implemented in C or Fortran) built in the language. - Object oriented programming language Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 10 / 1 The advantages and disadvantages of R The advantages of R - High-performance computing with interfaces for native code and support for parallel and grid computing. - R plays well with many other tools: import/export data from/to CSV files, SAS, SPSS, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Access, Oracle, MySQL, and SQLite. - R can produce graphics output in PDF, JPG, PNG, and SVG formats, and table output for LATEX and HTML - The extensive feature set of R can be extended by installing additional packages: provides a great variety of packages for statistical analysis in finance, environment, and different life science areas Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 11 / 1 The advantages and disadvantages of R The advantages of R - High-performance computing with interfaces for native code and support for parallel and grid computing. - R plays well with many other tools: import/export data from/to CSV files, SAS, SPSS, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Access, Oracle, MySQL, and SQLite. - R can produce graphics output in PDF, JPG, PNG, and SVG formats, and table output for LATEX and HTML - The extensive feature set of R can be extended by installing additional packages: provides a great variety of packages for statistical analysis in finance, environment, and different life science areas Todorov (UNIDO) R Course for the NSOs in the Arab countriesPart I: Introduction18-20 May 2015 11 / 1 The advantages and disadvantages of R The advantages of R - High-performance computing with interfaces for native code and support for parallel and grid computing. - R plays well with many other tools: import/export data from/to CSV files, SAS, SPSS, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Access, Oracle, MySQL, and SQLite. - R