Migration, Minorities and Citizenship General Editors: Zig Layton-Henry, Professor of Politics, University of Warwick; and Danièle Joly, Professor, Director, Centre for Research in Ethnic Relations, University of Warwick Titles include: Rutvica Andrijasevic MIGRATION, AGENCY AND CITIZENSHIP IN SEX TRAFFICKING Muhammad Anwar, Patrick Roach and Ranjit Sondhi (editors) FROM LEGISLATION TO INTEGRATION? Race Relations in Britain James A. Beckford, Danièle Joly and Farhad Khosrokhavar MUSLIMS IN PRISON Challenge and Change in Britain and France Gideon Calder, Phillip Cole, Jonathan Seglow CITIZENSHIP ACQUISITION AND NATIONAL BELONGING Migration, Membership and the Liberal Democratic State Thomas Faist and Andreas Ette (editors) THE EUROPEANIZATION OF NATIONAL POLICIES AND POLITICS OF IMMIGRATION Between Autonomy and the European Union Thomas Faist and Peter Kivisto (editors) DUAL CITIZENSHIP IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE From Unitary to Multiple Citizenship Adrian Favell PHILOSOPHIES OF INTEGRATION Immigration and the Idea of Citizenship in France and Britain Martin Geiger and Antoine Pécoud (editors) THE POLITICS OF INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION MANAGEMENT Agata Górny and Paulo Ruspini (editors) MIGRATION IN THE NEW EUROPE East-West Revisited James Hampshire CITIZENSHIP AND BELONGING Immigration and the Politics of Democratic Governance in Postwar Britain John R. Hinnells (editor) RELIGIOUS RECONSTRUCTION IN THE SOUTH ASIAN DIASPORAS From One Generation to Another Ayhan Kaya ISLAM, MIGRATION AND INTEGRATION The Age of Securitization September 2, 2010 15:32 MAC/MIGR Page-i 9780230_272583_01_prex Zig Layton-Henry and Czarina Wilpert (editors) CHALLENGING RACISM IN BRITAIN AND GERMANY Georg Menz and Alexander Caviedes (editors) LABOUR MIGRATION IN EUROPE Jørgen S. Nielsen TOWARDS A EUROPEAN ISLAM Pontus Odmalm MIGRATION POLICIES AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION Inclusion or Intrusion in Western Europe? Prodromos Panayiotopoulos ETHNICITY, MIGRATION AND ENTERPRISE Aspasia Papadopoulou-Kourkoula TRANSIT MIGRATION The Missing Link Between Emigration and Settlement Jan Rath (editor) IMMIGRANT BUSINESSES The Economic, Political and Social Environment Carl-Ulrik Schierup (editor) SCRAMBLE FOR THE BALKANS Nationalism, Globalism and the Political Economy of Reconstruction Vicki Squire THE EXCLUSIONARY POLITICS OF ASYLUM Maarten Vink LIMITS OF EUROPEAN CITIZENSHIP European Integration and Domestic Immigration Policies Östen Wahlbeck KURDISH DIASPORAS A Comparative Study of Kurdish Refugee Communities Lucy Williams GLOBAL MARRIAGE Cross-Border Marriage Migration in Global Context Migration, Minorities and Citizenship Series Standing Order ISBN 978–0–333–71047–0 (hardback) and 978–0–333–80338–7 (paperback) (outside North America only) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address, the title of the series and the ISBN quoted above. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, England September 2, 2010 15:32 MAC/MIGR Page-ii 9780230_272583_01_prex The Politics of International Migration Management Edited by Martin Geiger University of Osnabrück, Germany and Antoine Pécoud University of Paris VII and University of Poitiers, France September 2, 2010 15:32 MAC/MIGR Page-iii 9780230_272583_01_prex Selection and editorial matter © Martin Geiger and Antoine Pécoud 2010 Individual chapters © their respective authors 2010 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6-10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2010 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN: 978–0–230–27258–3 hardback This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The politics of international migration management / edited by Martin Geiger, Antoine Pécoud. p. cm. — (Migration, minorities, and citizenship) ISBN 978–0–230–27258–3 1. Emigration and immigration—Government policy. 2. International Organization for Migration. I. Geiger, Martin, 1975– II. Pécoud, Antoine, 1974– JV6271.P67 2010 325—dc22 2010027513 10987654321 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 Printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham and Eastbourne September 2, 2010 15:32 MAC/MIGR Page-iv 9780230_272583_01_prex Contents Note on the Contributors vii 1 The Politics of International Migration Management 1 Martin Geiger and Antoine Pécoud 2 Liberalizing Movements? The Political Rationality of Global Migration Management 21 Sara Kalm 3 For the Benefit of Some: The International Organization for Migration and its Global Migration Management 45 Fabian Georgi 4 Imagined Migration World: The European Union’s Anti-Illegal Immigration Discourse 73 William Walters 5 ‘We are Facilitating States!’ An Ethnographic Analysis of the ICMPD 96 Sabine Hess 6 Borders and Populations in Flux: Frontex’s Place in the European Union’s Migration Management 119 Bernd Kasparek 7 Mobility, Development, Protection, EU-Integration! The IOM’s National Migration Strategy for Albania 141 Martin Geiger 8 Expanded Borders: Policies and Practices of Preventive Refoulement in Italy 160 Chiara Marchetti 9 Informing Migrants to Manage Migration? An Analysis of IOM’s Information Campaigns 184 Antoine Pécoud 10 Migration Policy Development in Mauritania: Process, Issues and Actors 202 Philippe Poutignat and Jocelyne Streiff-Fénart v September 2, 2010 15:32 MAC/MIGR Page-v 9780230_272583_01_prex vi Contents 11 International Refugee Law, ‘Hyper-Legalism’ and Migration Management: The Pacific Solution 220 Claire Inder 12 Refugees or Migrants? The UNHCR’s Comprehensive Approach to Afghan Mobility into Iran and Pakistan 252 Giulia Scalettaris 13 From ‘The Whole Enchilada’ to Financialization: Shifting Discourses of Migration Management in North America 271 Matt Bakker Index 295 September 2, 2010 15:32 MAC/MIGR Page-vi 9780230_272583_01_prex Note on the Contributors Matt Bakker is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Sociology at the University of California, Davis. His research focuses on the politics and eco- nomics of transnational migration in the Mexico–US context. In his doctoral dissertation, ‘Neoliberal Coalitions and Migrating Subjects: An Examina- tion of the Remittances-to-Development Agenda in North America’, he explores the construction and content of a complex of migration-related policy instruments designed by international financial institutions and the US and Mexican governments that aim to channel the resources gener- ated through US-bound Mexican migration towards developmental pur- poses in Mexico in the hope that such ‘development’ may put an end to future migration. In addition to research articles appearing in Migraciones Internacionales, Global Networks,andEthnic and Racial Studies, Matt is the author, with Michael Peter Smith, of Citizenship Across Borders: the Political Transnationalism of El Migrante (2008). Martin Geiger is a research associate and lecturer at the Institute for Geog- raphy and the Institute for Migration Research and Intercultural Studies (IMIS), University of Osnabrück. He worked previously as a research asso- ciate and network coordinator for the European Migration Centre (EMZ, Berlin) and the EUROFOR research network (Florence and Berlin). From 2003 to 2004 Martin Geiger was guest researcher at the Laboratorio de Estudios Interculturales, University of Granada, and in 2006 guest researcher and guest lecturer at the School of Higher European Studies (SISEC), University of the West in Timisoara. In 2005 he was awarded a three-year scholarship by the German National Academic Foundation (Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes) for his PhD project focusing on the role of international govern- mental organizations in migration management. Martin Geiger is the author of several articles notably in Migration Letters, IMIS-Beiträge and Hommes & Migrations. Fabian Georgi studied political science and international relations at the Free University of Berlin and the University of Kent, Canterbury. His degree thesis, a critical case study