Wokingham Borough Council SOUTH WOKINGHAM DISTRIBUTOR ROAD - CENTRAL AND WESTERN SECTION Vol. 1 Environmental Statement - Main Text Reissed in February 2021 with superseded content removed 70066439 FEBRUARY 2021 PUBLIC Wokingham Borough Council SOUTH WOKINGHAM DISTRIBUTOR ROAD - CENTRAL AND WESTERN SECTION Vol. 1 Environmental Statement - Main Text TYPE OF DOCUMENT (VERSION) PUBLIC PROJECT NO. 70066439 OUR REF. NO. 70066439 DATE: FEBRUARY 2021 Wokingham Borough Council SOUTH WOKINGHAM DISTRIBUTOR ROAD - CENTRAL AND WESTERN SECTION Vol. 1 Environmental Statement - Main Text WSP Kings Orchard 1 Queen Street Bristol BS2 0HQ Phone: +44 117 930 6200 WSP.com QUALITY CONTROL Issue/revision First issue Revision 1 Revision 2 Revision 3 Remarks Volume 1 of 3 Volume 1 of 3 Date 31/10/19 05/02/2021 Prepared by Various Various Signature Various Various Checked by Adam White Steven McMullen Signature Authorised by Alan Heatley Alan Heatley Signature Project number 70032441 70066439 Report number 70032441 ES Vol1 70066439 ES 2019 Vol1 File reference N/A N/A SOUTH WOKINGHAM DISTRIBUTOR ROAD - CENTRAL AND WESTERN SECTION WSP Project No.: 70066439 | Our Ref No.: 70066439 February 2021 Wokingham Borough Council CONTENTS Superseded content is marked ‘[s]’ 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. OVERVIEW 1 1.2. DESCRIPTION OF SITE AND SURROUNDING AREA 2 THE SITE 3 THE SURROUNDING AREA 3 1.3. LEGAL FRAMEWORK 4 1.4. CONTENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT 5 1.5. STRUCTURE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT 6 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY 6 VOLUME 1 ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT - MAIN TEXT 6 VOLUME 2 FIGURES 9 VOLUME 3 APPENDICES 9 1.6. PROJECT TEAM 9 1.7. EIA QUALITY MARK 11 2. APPROACH TO THE ASSESSMENT 12 2.1. INTRODUCTION 12 2.2. WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT? 12 2.3. STAGES OF ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY 12 2.4. ASSESSMENT APPROACH 13 DESIGN MANUAL FOR ROADS AND BRIDGES, VOLUME 11 13 ASSESSMENT AREA 14 DEFINING ASSESSMENT YEARS AND ASSESSMENT SCENARIOS 14 TRAFFIC MODEL 14 2.5. THE STAGES OF ASSESSMENT 15 SCOPING 15 BASELINE CONDITIONS 16 SOUTH WOKINGHAM DISTRIBUTOR ROAD - CENTRAL AND WESTERN SECTION WSP Project No.: 70066439 | Our Ref No.: 70066439 February 2021 Wokingham Borough Council SENSITIVE RECEPTORS 16 ASSESSMENT OF LIKELY SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS 17 IDENTIFICATION OF MITIGATION, ENHANCEMENT AND MONITORING MEASURES 19 RESIDUAL EFFECTS ASSESSMENT 19 2.6. CUMULATIVE EFFECTS 19 2.7. CONSULTATION 20 2.8. STRUCTURE OF THE TECHNICAL CHAPTERS 21 2.9. OTHER DOCUMENTS TO BE SUBMITTED 21 2.10. ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS 21 3. THE SCHEME 23 3.1. INTRODUCTION 23 3.2. PLANNING CONTEXT 23 LOCAL PLAN CORE STRATEGY – POLICY CP21 AND APPENDIX 7 23 WOKINGHAM BOROUGH COUNCIL LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2011-2026 23 3.3. AIMS OF THE SCHEME 24 3.4. BACKGROUND TO THE SCHEME 24 3.5. DESCRIPTION OF THE SCHEME [S] 25 3.6. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SCHEME [S] 25 3.7. REASONABLE ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED 25 THE ‘DO MINIMUM’ SCENARIO 25 ALTERNATIVE ALIGNMENTS CONSIDERED FOR THE PROPOSED HIGHWAY 25 4. AIR QUALITY [S] 27 5. CULTURAL HERITAGE [S] 28 6. LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL [S] 29 7. BIODIVERSITY [S] 30 8. GEOLOGY AND SOILS 31 8.1. INTRODUCTION 31 WSP SOUTH WOKINGHAM DISTRIBUTOR ROAD - CENTRAL AND WESTERN SECTION February 2021 Project No.: 70066439 | Our Ref No.: 70066439 Wokingham Borough Council 8.2. LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK, POLICY AND GUIDANCE 31 8.3. ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY AND SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA 32 CONSULTATION 32 SCOPE OF THE ASSESSMENT 32 CONSTRUCTION PHASE 32 OPERATIONAL PHASE 32 EXTENT OF THE STUDY AREA 32 METHOD OF BASELINE DATA COLLATION 32 ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY 33 8.4. BASELINE CONDITIONS 34 SITE DESCRIPTION 34 HISTORICAL SETTING 34 LANDFILLING 35 UNEXPLODED ORDNANCE 35 GEOLOGY 35 HYDROGEOLOGY 36 CONTAMINATIVE SOURCES 37 8.5. SENSITIVE RECEPTORS 38 8.6. RELEVANT ELEMENTS OF THE SCHEME AND ESTABLISHING THE PRE- MITIGATION SCENARIO 38 CONSTRUCTION PHASE 38 OPERATIONAL PHASE 39 8.7. ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTS, MITIGATION AND RESIDUAL EFFECTS 39 CONSTRUCTION PHASE 39 OPERATIONAL PHASE 41 8.8. CUMULATIVE EFFECTS 42 8.9. LIMITATIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS 43 8.10. SUMMARY 43 9. GROUNDWATER 47 9.1. INTRODUCTION 47 SOUTH WOKINGHAM DISTRIBUTOR ROAD - CENTRAL AND WESTERN SECTION WSP Project No.: 70066439 | Our Ref No.: 70066439 February 2021 Wokingham Borough Council 9.2. ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY AND SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA 47 CONSULTATION 47 SCOPE OF THE ASSESSMENT 47 EXTENT OF THE STUDY AREA 48 METHOD OF BASELINE DATA COLLATION 48 ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY 49 9.3. BASELINE CONDITIONS 51 GEOLOGY 51 HYDROGEOLOGY 51 WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE STATUS 52 FUTURE BASELINE 52 9.4. SENSITIVE RECEPTORS 53 9.5. RELEVANT ELEMENTS OF THE SCHEME AND ESTABLISHING THE PRE- MITIGATION SCENARIO 53 CONSTRUCTION PHASE 53 OPERATIONAL PHASE 54 EMBEDDED MITIGATION 54 9.6. ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTS, MITIGATION AND RESIDUAL EFFECTS 55 CONSTRUCTION PHASE 55 OPERATIONAL PHASE 56 9.7. CUMULATIVE EFFECTS 59 9.8. LIMITATIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS 59 9.9. SUMMARY 59 10. ROAD DRAINAGE AND THE WATER ENVIRONMENT [S] 61 11. NOISE AND VIBRATION [S] 62 12. MATERIALS AND WASTE [S] 63 13. PEOPLE, COMMUNITIES AND HEALTH 64 13.1. INTRODUCTION 64 13.2. LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK, POLICY AND GUIDANCE 64 WSP SOUTH WOKINGHAM DISTRIBUTOR ROAD - CENTRAL AND WESTERN SECTION February 2021 Project No.: 70066439 | Our Ref No.: 70066439 Wokingham Borough Council LEGISLATION 64 POLICY 64 GUIDANCE 64 13.3. ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY AND SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA 65 CONSULTATION 65 SCOPE OF THE ASSESSMENT 65 STUDY AREA 67 METHODOLOGY 67 SENSITIVITY OF RECEPTORS 70 MAGNITUDE OF IMPACT 71 SIGNIFICANCE OF EFFECT 73 13.4. BASELINE CONDITION 74 SOURCES OF INFORMATION 74 DESCRIPTION OF CURRENT BASELINE CONDITION 74 DESCRIPTION OF FUTURE BASELINE CONDITION 84 13.5. IMPACTS, MITIGATION AND MANAGEMENT 86 13.6. CUMULATIVE IMPACTS 94 MITIGATION AND MANAGEMENT 95 13.7. LIMITATIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS 95 13.8. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS 96 14. CLIMATE 101 14.1. INTRODUCTION 101 14.2. LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK, POLICY AND GUIDANCE 101 LEGISLATION 101 POLICY 102 LOCAL POLICY 104 GUIDANCE 104 14.3. GREENHOUSE GAS ASSESSMENT [S] 105 14.4. CLIMATE RESILIENCE ASSESSMENT 106 METHODOLOGY AND SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA 106 SOUTH WOKINGHAM DISTRIBUTOR ROAD - CENTRAL AND WESTERN SECTION WSP Project No.: 70066439 | Our Ref No.: 70066439 February 2021 Wokingham Borough Council EXTENT OF THE STUDY AREA 108 METHOD OF BASELINE DATA COLLATION 108 ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY 108 BASELINE CONDITIONS 110 FUTURE BASELINE 111 SENSITIVE RECEPTORS 111 RELEVANT ELEMENTS OF THE SCHEME AND ESTABLISHING THE PRE-MITIGATION SCENARIO 111 ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTS, MITIGATION AND RESIDUAL EFFECTS 117 LIMITATIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS 128 SUMMARY 128 15. CUMULATIVE EFFECTS 129 15.1. INTRODUCTION 129 15.2. SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY 130 IN-COMBINATION EFFECTS 130 EFFECT INTERACTIONS [S] 139 15.3. EFFECT INTERACTIONS - SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION [S] 139 16. BIBLIOGRAPHY 140 WSP SOUTH WOKINGHAM DISTRIBUTOR ROAD - CENTRAL AND WESTERN SECTION February 2021 Project No.: 70066439 | Our Ref No.: 70066439 Wokingham Borough Council ABBREVIATIONS Acronym Definition AADT Annual Average Daily Traffic AAWT Annual Average Weekday Traffic ADMS Advanced Dispersion Modelling System AEP Annual Exceedance Probability ALC Agricultural Land Classification Annex II Annex II of the Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) AOD Above Ordnance Datum AQAL Air quality assessment levels AQMA Air Quality Management Area AQS Air Quality Strategy ARN Appraised Road Network ASR Annual Status Report AWI Ancient Woodland Inventory BGL Below Ground Level BGS British Geological Survey BMV Best and Most Versatile BNG Biodiversity net gain BNL Basic Noise Level BRE Building Research Establishment BS British Standard CA Conservation Area CAD Computer Aided Design CCG Clinical commissioning group CCTV Closed Circuit Television CDE Construction, Demolition and Excavation SOUTH WOKINGHAM DISTRIBUTOR ROAD - CENTRAL AND WESTERN SECTION WSP Project No.: 70066439 | Our Ref No.: 70066439 February 2021 Wokingham Borough Council CDM Construction Design and Management CEMP Construction Environmental Management Plan CIEEM Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management CIEH Chartered Institute of Environmental Health CIfA Chartered Institute for Archaeologists CIRIA Construction Industry Research and Information Association CL:AIRE Contaminated Land: Applications in Real Environments CLR 11 Contaminated Land Report 11 CMP Construction Management Plan CO2e Carbon Dioxide Equivalent COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COSHH Control of Substances Hazardous to Health CRTN Calculation of Road Traffic Noise CSM Conceptual Site Model DCLG Department for Communities and Local Government DEFRA Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs DM Do minimum DMP Dust Management Plan DMRB Design Manual for Roads and Bridges DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid DS Do something DSM Digital Surface Model DTM Digital Terrain Model DWS Drinking Water Standards EBAS East Berkshire Archaeological Survey EC European Commission ECOSA Ecological Survey & Assessment Ltd. 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