CONFUCIANISM, DAOISM, & LEGALISM Section 3 CONFUCIUS • Born poor • Became scholar, (failed) local ruler, & teacher • Never wrote down ideas • Students wrote his sayings in The Analects • Confucius was not concerned about a relationship with god/spirits, but rather personal relationships and order THE ANALECTS CONFUCIANISM • Philosophy (system of ideas) • Concerned with worldly goals • No afterlife • Ensure order • Good government • Honesty, hard work, concern for others • The Golden Rule: Do to others what you would want them to do to you FILIAL PIETY FILIAL PIETY FILIAL PIETY FILIAL PIETY FILIAL PIETY FILIAL PIETY FILIAL PIETY • Respect for parents/elders above all else FIVE RELATIONSHIPS • Confucius believed that rulers would lead by moral example and people would behave properly through the example of those superior to them 1. Ruler subject 2. Parent child 3. Husband wife 4. Elder brother younger brother 5. Friend friend CONFUCIANISM & GOVERNMENT • Han Dynasty - Confucian ideas/scholars used to bring peace/order • Left a permanent mark on China • Used in later dynasties throughout China’s history • Civil service exams - people took tests to get into government • Confucian ideas spread to Korea & Japan TODAY’S ASIAN RELIGIONS/ BELIEFS DAOISM: THE UNSPOKEN WAY • Founded by Laozi • Lived during time of Confucius • Less worry about human affairs • Harmony with nature • Focus on the Dao (the way) of the universe • Things will work out • Don’t tell people how they’re suppose to act YIN & YANG !"!Feminine! !"!Masculine! !"!Passive! !"!Active! !"!Darkness! !"!Light! !"!Cold! !"!Warmth! !"!Weak! !"!Strong! !"!Earth;! !"!Heaven;!! !"!Moon! !"!Sun! YIN & YANG DAOISM & GOVERNMENT • Govt and attempts to build govt are useless • Govt leads to competition. Competition leads to fighting • Less government is better • War only used for defensive purposes QUESTION • Why do you think some teachers are super strict? Hint: the answer is not because they are jerks LEGALISM • Founded by Han Feizei • The only way to achieve order is strict laws & harsh punishments • Strength is important for a ruler LEGALISM & GOVERNMENT • Qin Dynasty (221 - 202 BCE) • Shi Huangdi unites China using Legalism • NO More Feudalism • 36 Military Districts created • Noble families forced to live in the capital Xianyang • Why would he do this? ACHIEVEMENTS OF QIN LEGALISM • Great Wall of China • Protects the country from invasion • Terracotta Army • Army to protect Shi Huangdi in the afterlife • Improved road/canal systems • Uniform writing, weights and measures, currency • Even the axels on a cart were to be the same width QUESTION • None of these philosophies offer salvation. What religion do you think spread from India because it provided that salvation? • Why do you think this interferes with Confucianism or Legalism?.