. '. • JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1987 TWENTY-SEVENTH YEAR - No. 256 !"'" r.'.' PROPERTY OF U f , THE J. kGt. "':1'," .' !. L18Pl\i .,' international review, , •; t~Et·,~" I of , red'-'cross + INTER AAMA CARITAS GENEVA INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS FOUNDED IN 1863 INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS Mr. ALEXANDRE HAY, Honorary doctorates from the Universities of Geneva and St. Gal­ len, Lawyer, former Director-General of the Swiss National Bank, President (member since 1975) Mrs. DENISE BINDSCHEDLER-ROBERT, Doctor of Laws, Honorary Professor at the Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva, Judge at the European Court of Human Rights, Vice-President (1967) Mr. MAURICE AUBERT, Doctor of Laws, Vice-President (1979) Mr. JACQUES F. DE ROUGEMONT, Doctor of Medicine (1967) Mr. ULRICH MIDDENDORP, Doctor of Medicine, head of surgical department of the Cantonal Hospital, Winterthur (1973) Mr. HENRY HUGUENIN, Banker (1974) Mr. RICHARD PESTALOZZI, Doctor of Laws, former Vice-President of the ICRe (1977) Mr. ATHOS GALLINO, Doctor of Medicine, Mayor of Bellinzona (1977) Mr. ROBERT KOHLER, Master of Economics (1977) Mr. RUDOLF JACKLI, Doctor of Sciences (1979) Mr. DIETRICH SCHINDLER, Doctor of Laws, Professor at the University of Zurich (1961­ 1973; 1980) Mr. HANS HAUG, Doctor of Laws, Honorary Professor at the St-Gall School of Advanced' Economic and Social Studies, former President of the Swiss Red Cross (1983) Mr. PETER ARBENZ, Bachelor of Political Science (1983), (on leave of absence since March 1986) Mr. PIERRE KELLER, Doctor of Philosophy in International Relations (Yale), Banker (1984) Mr. RAYMOND R. PROBST, Doctor of Laws, former Swiss Ambassador, former Secretary of State at the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs, Berne (1984) Mr. ODILO GUNTERN, Doctor of Laws, former member of the Swiss Council of States (1985) Mr. ANDRE GHELFI, former Central Secretary and Vice-President of the Swiss Federation of Metal Workers (1985) Mrs. RENEE GUISAN, General Secretary of the international "Institut de la Vie", member of the Swiss Pro Senectute Foundation, member of the International Association for Volun­ teer Effort (1986) Mr. DANIEL FREI, Professor of Political Science, University of Zurich (1986) Mr. ALAIN B. ROSSIER, Doctor of Medicine, former Professor for the rehabilItation of paraplegics at Harvard University, lecturer at the Medical Faculty of Geneva University, President of the International Medical Society of Parag1egia (1986) Mr. CORNELIO SOMMARUGA, Doctor of Laws of Zurich University, Doctor h.c. rer.pol. of Fribourg University (Switzerland) (1986) EXECUTIVE COUNCIL Mr. ALEXANDRE HAY, president Mr. MAURICE AUBERT Mr. RICHARD PESTALOZZI Mr. ATHOS GALLINO Mr. RUDOLF JACKLI Mr. PIERRE KELLER Mr. ANDRE GHELFI The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), together with the League of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and the 144 recognized National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, is one of the three compo­ nents of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. An independent humanitarian institution, the ICRC is the founding body of the Red Cross. As a neutral intermediary in case of armed conflicts or disturbances, it endeavours on its own initiative or on the basis of the Geneva Conventions to protect and assist the victims of international and civil wars and of internal troubles and tensions, thereby contributing to peace in the world. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF THE RED CROSS ISSN 0020-8604 CONTENTS JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1987 - No. 256 Several major humanitarian issues dealt with by the Twenty-fifth International Conference of the Red Cross 3 Marco Sassoli: The National Information Bureau in aid of the victims of armed conflicts . 6 STATUTES AND RULES OF PROCEDURE OF THE INTERNATIONAL RED CROSS AND RED CRESCENT MOVEMENT . Statutes of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement 25 Rules of Procedure of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement ..... 45 INTERNATIONAL Respect for International Humanitarian Law ­ COMMITTEE ICRC Report on its activities . 60 OF THE RED CROSS Recognition of the Saint Lucia Red Cross Society 80 Recognition of the Guinean Red Cross Society . 82 Recognition of the Angola Red Cross Society 84 Recognition of the Suriname Red Cross Society 86 Recognition of the Red Crescent Society of Djibouti . 88 Recent missions by the President of the ICRC 90 Appointment of two new honorary members 91 External activities: Africa - Latin America - Asia - Middle East ­ Europe 93 IN THE RED CROSS World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day 1987 99 AND RED CRESCENT Activities of National Red Cross and Red Crescent WORLD Societies . .. 10I The Spanish Red Cross and the problem of social dropouts 101 Dissemination of international humanitarian law. 104 Second Arab seminar on international humanita­ rian law . .. 104 Fifth African regional seminar on international humanitarian law 105 A great promoter of Henry Dunant's message is no more. .. 106 (See other side) MISCELLANEOUS Accession of the Argentine Republic to the Proto­ cols 108 Interpretative statements . .. 108 Republic of the Philippines: Accession to Proto­ col II . .. 109 States parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 - States parties to the Protocols of 8 June 1977 (as at 31 December 1986) 110 Resolution of the Organization of American States liS Resolution of the Forty-first Session of the General Assembly of the United Nations on the Protocols additional to the Geneva Conventions . 117 BOOKS AND REVIEWS Commentary on the Additional Protocols of 8 June 1977 to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 . .. 119 Mirador - my term as Hitler's guest 122 Ces lieux ou Henry Dunant... (Roger Durand/Mi­ chel Roueche) 123 '\Jews and Reviews 125 'licw publications 128 International Review of the Red Cross has been published, in French, under various titles, by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) since 1869. Its first complete edition in English was issued in 1961. - As the official organ of the ICRC and the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, - specializing in international humanitarian law and ICRC doctrine, - recording the international activities of the Red Cross, mainly for reference purpose, as a chronicle of events, International Review of the Red Cross provides a constant flow of information and maintains the necessary link between the members of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. EDITOR: Jacques Meurant, editor-in-chief ADDRESS: International Review of the Red Cross 17, avenue de la Paix CH - 1202 - Geneva, Switzerland SUBSCRIPTIONS: one year, Sw. frs. 30.-; single copy Sw. frs. 5.-. Postal Cheque Account: No. 12 - 1767 Geneva Bank account No. 129.986 Swiss Bank Corporation, Geneva The International Commillee of the Red Cross assumes responsibility only for material over its own signature. 2 SEVERAL MAJOR HUMANITARIAN ISSUES DEALT WITH BY THE TWENTY-FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE RED CROSS It is true that the Twenty-fifth International Conference of the Red Cross (October 1986), the work of which was extensively reported by the International Review of the Red Cross in its special November-December 1986 issue, was marked by the suspension ofthe South African government delegation. That event should not, however, be allowed to overshadow the Conference's many achievements, which are as much an expression of the dynamic character of the International Red Cross as of its members' will to pursue and develop its humanitarian mission. Two subjects had a preponderant place in the work ofthe Twenty­ fifth International Conference: the new Statutes for the "Inter­ national Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement ", and respect for international humanitarian law. This issue of the Review contains the complete texts of the Movement's Statutes and Rules of Procedure as they were adopted on 31 October 1986 (see pp. 25-59). An off-print is also planned. It is an understatement to say that the new Statutes are an improvement on those of1952. Among the most significantfeatures is the Preamble which, for the first time in the Movement's legislative history, sets down side by side the constituents of its raison d'etre, its purpose and its motivation, namely, its basic mission, its Fundamental Principles, its mottoes and its contribution to peace. The new title "International Red Cross and Red Crescent Move­ ment", or "International Red Cross", emphasizes the dynamic character of an institution which has, since its creation, lived for and by universal humanitarian endeavour. Another merit of the Statutes is 3 that they set out clearly the role of each of the Movement's compon­ ents, especially that of the National Societies, and accentuate the co-operation between the States party to the Geneva Conventions and these components. The adoption of the Statutes by consensus is a good sign. * * * Respect for international humanitarian law was once again a major theme of the deliberations. The report on the subject presented on 27 October 1986 by President Hay to the Conference's Com­ mission on International Humanitarian Law is. as announced in the last issue of the Review, published in its entirety in this issue (see pp. 60-79). The previous issue of the Review contained an account of the lively debate that followed the presentation of the report at the Conference. 1 It should be remembered that the Conference finally adopted by consensus a resolution in which it expressed its profound concern about the difficulties created for the ICRC in its efforts to protect and assist