Contract No. H2020 – 730539 CONTRIBUTING TO SHIFT2RAIL'S NEXT GENERATION OF HIGH CAPABLE AND SAFE TCMS AND BRAKES. D3.2 – Drive-by-Data Technology Evaluation Report Due date of deliverable: 31/05/2017 Actual submission date: 11/07/2017 Leader/Responsible of this Deliverable: G. Hans, BTG Reviewed: Y Document status Revision Date Description 1 01/02/2017 First issue 2 23/02/2017 Added content to chapter 2 3 13/04/2017 Added content to chapters 2 and 3 4 08/05/2017 All chapters completed, prepared for review 5 24/05/2017 Update after review 6 12/06/2017 TMT review 7 11/07/2017 Final Project funded from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme Dissemination Level PU Public CO Confidential, restricted under conditions set out in Model Grant Agreement X Start date: 01/09/2016 Duration: 24 months CTA-T3.2-D-BTD-003-07 Page 1 of 91 11/07/2017 Contract No. H2020 – 730539 REPORT CONTRIBUTORS Name Company Details of Contribution Nerea Elorza CAF Chapters: Joana Azketa 2.2.5; 2.4; 4.2 Rainer Mattes Siemens Chapters: 2.2.2 Gernot Hans BTG Chapters: Thomas Gallenkamp 1; 2.1; 2.2 (except 2.2.2); 2.3 (except 2.2.5); 2.5; 3.1; 3.2; 4.1; 4.3; 5 CTA-T3.2-D-BTD-003-07 Page 2 of 91 11/07/2017 Contract No. H2020 – 730539 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This delivery is a report on technologies which are seen as groundbraking for the definition of a Next-Generation Train Communication Network (NG-TCN). The report starts in chapter 2 with an overview of technologies which are actually used in main non-railway industrial domains, like in industrial automation, in aerospace and in automotive. Some of those technologies, which obtained some importance also in the railway domain like Profinet or CIP, are presented in more detail. The chapter concludes with an outlook to upcoming technologies, which are considered to play a major role in future and which also need to be considered when defining a NG-TCN. Following the actual technology trends leads to a selection of technologies which shall be used to form the NG-TCN, namely technologies which eliminate the weaknesses of the existing, standardized, Train Communication Network. The selection of those technologies is in the scope of chapter 3. The chapter starts with a description of the actual TCN architecture and continues with listing the weaknesses and suitable measures and technologies to overcome those weaknesses in a NG-TCN. This selection of suitable technologies is then examinated in more detail within chapter 4. Basically two aspects are analysed: firstly the performance improvement by using techniques like scheduled data traffic based on synchronized clocks, and secondly the reliability increase by using sophisticated network architectures. The report closes with a conclusion giving advice about the suitability of investigated technologies for the definition of a NG-TCN. CTA-T3.2-D-BTD-003-07 Page 3 of 91 11/07/2017 Contract No. H2020 – 730539 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AFDX Avionics Full Duplex Ethernet ATP Automatic Train Protection AUTOSAR Automotive Open System Architecture AVB Audio/Video Broadcasting BCU Brake Control Unit BMCA Best Master Clock Algorithm BSW Basic Software CAN Controller Area Network CS Consist Switch CSM Crypto Service Manager E2E End to End ECR Ethernet Consist network Ring ECU Electronic Control Unit ETB Ethernet Train Backbone ETBN ETB Node DAC Doubly Attached Clock DANH Doubly Attached Node implementing HSR DANP Doublly Attached Node implementing PRP DCU Drive Control Unit DVR Digital Video Recorder ETCS European Train Control System GbE Gigabit Ethernet gPTP Generalized Precision Time Protocol HMI Human Machine Interface HSR High-availability Seamless Redundancy CTA-T3.2-D-BTD-003-07 Page 4 of 91 11/07/2017 Contract No. H2020 – 730539 HVAC Heat, Ventilation and Air Conditioning I/O or IO Input/Output IoT Internet of Things IPv4 Internet Protocol version 4 IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6 LAN Local Area Network LIN Local Interconnected Network LRE Link Redundancy Entity MIO Modular Input/Output MRP Media Redundancy Protocol NG-TCN Next Generation TCN OPC OLE for Process Control (No longer used) OPC UA OPC Unified Architecture OPEN Alliance SIG One-Pair Ether-Net Alliance Special Interest Group PDU Protocol Data Unit PRP Parallel Redundancy Protocol PTP Precision Time Protocol RCT Redundancy Check Trailer RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol RTE Runtime Environment SAC Singly Attached Clock SAN Singly Attached Node SDTv2 Safe Data Transmission version 2 SecOC Secure Onboard Communication SIL Safety Integrity Level StbM Synchronized Time Base Manager STP Spanning Tree Protocol SWC Software Component CTA-T3.2-D-BTD-003-07 Page 5 of 91 11/07/2017 Contract No. H2020 – 730539 TCMS Train Control and Management System TCN Train Communication Network TSN Time Sensitive Networking WAP Wireless Access Point WLAN Wireless LAN WPAN Wireless Personal Area Network VFB Virtual Functional Bus CTA-T3.2-D-BTD-003-07 Page 6 of 91 11/07/2017 Contract No. H2020 – 730539 TABLE OF CONTENTS Report Contributors......................................................................................................................... 2 Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................ 3 Abbreviations and Acronyms .......................................................................................................... 4 Table of Contents............................................................................................................................ 7 List of Figures ................................................................................................................................. 9 List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ 10 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 11 2. Technology in other Industries .................................................................................................. 12 2.1 General ............................................................................................................................... 12 2.2 Technologies in industrial automation ................................................................................. 12 2.2.1 Overview.................................................................................................................. 12 2.2.2 Profinet .................................................................................................................... 13 2.2.3 CIP over Ethernet/IP................................................................................................ 26 2.2.4 Other technologies................................................................................................... 34 2.2.5 OPC UA................................................................................................................... 36 2.3 Technologies in aerospace ................................................................................................. 37 2.3.1 History ..................................................................................................................... 37 2.3.2 AFDX....................................................................................................................... 37 2.4 Technologies in automotive................................................................................................. 41 2.4.1 General.................................................................................................................... 41 2.4.2 AUTOSAR ............................................................................................................... 42 2.5 Technology trends............................................................................................................... 46 2.5.1 Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) ............................................................................ 46 2.5.2 Software Defined Networks (SDN)........................................................................... 46 2.5.3 Internet of Things (IoT) ............................................................................................ 47 3. Technology selection ................................................................................................................ 47 3.1 TCN Architecture – State of the Art ..................................................................................... 47 3.1.1 History ..................................................................................................................... 47 3.1.2 Ethernet based TCN (IP-TCN)................................................................................. 48 3.1.3 TCN Architecture ..................................................................................................... 48 3.1.4 Communication layers ............................................................................................. 50 3.1.5 Application layer ...................................................................................................... 53 3.1.6 Application Profiles – UIC Leaflet 556...................................................................... 59 3.1.7 Regional standardization activities........................................................................... 60 CTA-T3.2-D-BTD-003-07 Page 7 of 91 11/07/2017 Contract No. H2020 – 730539 3.2