This Accepted Manuscript has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. A link to any extended data will be provided when the final version is posted online. Research Article: New Research | Cognition and Behavior Proactive Control: Neural Oscillatory Correlates of Conflict Anticipation and Response Slowing Neural oscillation in proactive control Andrew Changa, Jaime S. Ideb, Hsin-Hung Lia, Chien-Chung Chena,c and Chiang-Shan Ray Lib,d,e,f aDepartment of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan bDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA cCenter for Neurobiology and Cognitive Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan dDepartment of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA eInterdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA fBeijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0061-17.2017 Received: 24 February 2017 Revised: 8 May 2017 Accepted: 8 May 2017 Published: 16 May 2017 Author Contributions: All authors designed research; AC, HHL, CCC and CSRL performed research; AC, JSI and CSRL contributed unpublished analytic tools and analyzed data; All authors wrote the paper. Funding: Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST) 501100004663 103-2410-H-002-076-MY3 Funding: National Science Foundation (NSF) 100000001 BCS1309260 Funding: HHS | National Institutes of Health (NIH) 100000002 DA023248 Funding: HHS | National Institutes of Health (NIH) 100000002 DA026990 Funding: HHS | National Institutes of Health (NIH) 100000002 AA021449 The authors declare no competing financial interests. This study was supported by Taiwan MOST (Taiwan) 103-2410-H-002-076-MY3 (CCC), NIH grants DA023248, DA026990 (C-SRL) and AA021449 (C-SRL), and NSF grant BCS1309260 (C-SRL). The funding agencies were otherwise not involved in data collection and analysis or in the decision in publishing the results. Correspondence should be addressed to either Chien-Chung Chen, Department of Psychology, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan 10617. E-mail: [email protected] or Chiang-Shan Ray Li, Department of Psychiatry, CMHC S112 34 Park Street New Haven, CT 06519. E-mail: [email protected] Cite as: eNeuro 2017; 10.1523/ENEURO.0061-17.2017 Alerts: Sign up at eneuro.org/alerts to receive customized email alerts when the fully formatted version of this article is published. Accepted manuscripts are peer-reviewed but have not been through the copyediting, formatting, or proofreading process. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed. 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