SEC Petition Evaluation Report Petition SEC-00049 Report Rev # Report Submittal Date: 10-24-06 Subject Expert(s): Donald Stewart, Elizabeth Gilley, Ron Kathren, and Vernon Shockley Site Expert(s): N/A Petition Administrative Summary Petition Under Evaluation Petition # Petition Qualification Date DOE/AWE Facility Name Type SEC-00049 83.13 May 1, 2006 Monsanto Chemical Company Petitioner Class Definition Directors and subordinates, Physicists, Chemists, Technicians, Workers that worked at Monsanto Chemical Company in Dayton, Ohio during the period of 1943 to 1949. Proposed Class Definition All Atomic Weapons Employees who were monitored or who should have been monitored for radiation while working at Monsanto Chemical Company Units I, III, or IV in Dayton, Ohio for a number of work days aggregating at least 250 work days during the period of January 1, 1943 to December 31, 1949, or in combination with the work days within the parameters established for one or more other classes of employees in the Special Exposure Cohort. Related Petition Summary Information SEC Petition Tracking #(s) Petition Type DOE/AWE Facility Name Petition Status NA NA NA NA Related Evaluation Report Information Report Title DOE/AWE Facility Name NA NA ORAU Lead Technical Evaluator: Libby Gilley ORAU Review Completed By: Daniel Stempfley Peer Review Completed By: [Signature on file] 11/07/06 Frank C. Crawford Date SEC Petition Evaluation Reviewed By: [Signature on file] 11/07/06 Brant Ulsh for Jim Neton Date SEC Evaluation Approved By: [Signature on file] 11/07/06 Larry Elliott Date SEC-00049 FINAL Monsanto Chemical Company This page intentionally blank 2 of 46 SEC-00049 FINAL Monsanto Chemical Company Evaluation Report Summary: SEC-00049, Monsanto Chemical Company This evaluation report by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) addresses a class of employees proposed for addition to the Special Exposure Cohort (SEC) per the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 7384 et seq. (EEOICPA) and 42 C.F.R . pt. 83, Procedures for Designating Classes of Employees as Members of the Special Exposure Cohort under the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000. Petitioner-Requested Class Definition Petition SEC-00049, qualified on May 1, 2006, requested that NIOSH consider the following class: Directors and subordinates, Physicists, Chemists, Technicians, Workers that worked at Monsanto Chemical Company in Dayton, Ohio, during the period of 1943 to 1949. NIOSH-Proposed Class Definition This evaluation defines a single class of employees for which NIOSH cannot estimate radiation doses with sufficient accuracy. The NIOSH-proposed class includes: all Atomic Weapons Employees who were monitored or who should have been monitored for radiation while working at Monsanto Chemical Company Units I, III, or IV in Dayton, Ohio, for a number of work days aggregating at least 250 work days during the period of January 1, 1943 to December 31, 1949, or in combination with the work days within the parameters established for one or more other classes of employees in the SEC. Feasibility of Dose Reconstruction The feasibility determination for the class of employees covered by this evaluation report is governed by the requirements of the Energy Employees Occupational Illness Compensation Program Act of 2000 (EEOICPA) and 42 C.F.R. § 83.13(c)(1). Section 83.13 of the rule states that “Radiation doses can be estimated with sufficient accuracy if NIOSH has established that it has access to sufficient information to estimate the maximum radiation dose for every type of cancer for which radiation doses are reconstructed that could have been incurred in plausible circumstances by any member of the class, or if NIOSH has established that it has access to sufficient information to estimate the radiation doses of members of the class more precisely than an estimate of the maximum radiation dose.” NIOSH has established herein that it does not have timely access to sufficient information to estimate either the maximum radiation dose incurred by any member of the class or to estimate such radiation doses more precisely than a maximum dose estimate. The sum of information for the period 1943 through 1949 from the available resources is not sufficient to document or estimate the potential maximum internal and external exposure to members of the class under plausible circumstances during the period of radiological operations at Monsanto Chemical Company (MCC). 3 of 46 SEC-00049 FINAL Monsanto Chemical Company Health Endangerment Determination Per EEOICPA and 42 C.F.R. § 83.13(c)(3), a health endangerment determination is required because NIOSH has determined that it does not have sufficient information to estimate dose for the members of the proposed class. NIOSH did not identify any evidence supplied by the petitioners or from other resources that would establish that the proposed class was exposed to radiation during a discrete incident likely to have involved exceptionally high-level exposures. However, evidence indicates that some workers in the proposed class may have accumulated substantial chronic exposures from the inhalation and ingestion of radionuclides, combined with substantial external exposures to gamma, beta, and neutron radiation. Consequently, NIOSH has determined that there is reasonable likelihood that such radiation doses may have endangered the health of members of the class who were employed for at least 250 aggregated work days either solely under their employment or in combination with work days within the parameters (excluding aggregate work day requirements) established for other classes of employees included in the SEC. 4 of 46 SEC-00049 FINAL Monsanto Chemical Company Table of Contents Evaluation Report Summary: SEC-00049, Monsanto Chemical Company............................................ 3 1.0 Purpose and Scope.......................................................................................................................... 7 2.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 7 3.0 Petitioner Requested Class/Basis and NIOSH Proposed Class/Basis ............................................ 8 4.0 Data Sources Reviewed by NIOSH................................................................................................ 9 4.1 Site Profile Technical Basis Documents (TBDs) .................................................................. 9 4.2 ORAU Technical Information Bulletins (OTIBs) and Procedures ..................................... 10 4.3 Facility Employees and Experts .......................................................................................... 10 4.4 Previous Dose Reconstructions ........................................................................................... 11 4.5 NIOSH Site Research Database .......................................................................................... 12 4.6 Polonium Reconstruction (PoRECON) Database ............................................................... 12 4.7 CEDR Database................................................................................................................... 12 4.8 MCC Progress Reports........................................................................................................ 12 4.9 Documentation and/or Affidavits Provided by Petitioners ................................................. 13 4.10 Documentation from U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Formerly Utilized Remedial Action Program ........................................................................................................................................ 13 5.0 Radiological Operations Relevant to the Proposed Class ............................................................ 13 5.1 Monsanto Chemical Company Plant and Process Descriptions.......................................... 14 5.1.1 Polonium from Uranium Ores................................................................................. 14 5.1.2 Polonium from Irradiated Bismuth Slugs................................................................ 16 5.1.3 Other Radiological Work at MCC........................................................................... 16 5.2 Monsanto Chemical Company Unit Descriptions............................................................... 17 5.2.1 Monsanto Chemical Company Unit I...................................................................... 18 5.2.2 Monsanto Chemical Company Unit II .................................................................... 18 5.2.3 Monsanto Chemical Company Unit III ................................................................... 18 5.2.4 Monsanto Chemical Company Unit IV................................................................... 19 5.2.5 Monsanto Chemical Company Warehouse ............................................................. 20 5.2.6 Marion ..................................................................................................................... 20 5.2.7 Mound Laboratory (Also Known as Unit V) .......................................................... 20 5.2.8 Summary of Key Monsanto Chemical Company Facilities.................................... 20 5.3 Radiological Exposure Sources from MCC Operations...................................................... 21 5.3.1 Alpha Particle Emissions........................................................................................