THE STATES ANDD LOCOCALLITI IEES October 2017 The Georgia city is booming —but not for everyone. GOV10_Cov.indd 20 9/18/17 8:59 AM __________Designer __________Creative Dir. 100 Blue Ravine Road Folsom, CA 95630 916-932-1300 __________Editorial __________Prepress www.erepublic.com CMY grey T1 T2 T3 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 Page # __________Other ____________OK to go BLACK YELLOW MAGENTA CYAN PROTECTING THE PUBLIC SECTOR FROM RANSOMWARE State and local government agencies are being held hostage by À´¿¼¶¼ÂÈÆ´·É¸Åƴż¸Æ´Á·ÆÂìʴŸ·¸Æ¼ºÁ¸·ÇÂÆǸ´¿·´Ç´ How prepared is your organization to deal with a ransomware attack? Take 3 minutes to learn more: att.com/govsecurity ACCESS GRANTED AT&T FIREWALLS Fully managed security services to help prevent unauthorized ACCESS DENIED access to your network AT&T THREAT MANAGER At-a-glance, situational threat awareness for multiple sites and “state of the org” view AT&T CYBERSECURITY VULNERABILITY CONSULTING ASSESSMENT Lifecycle approach to vulnerability, threat management and path to compliance AT&T SECURE EMAIL GATEWAY ¸ÆǼÁ¶¿´ÆƸÀ´¼¿è¿Ç¸Å¼Áº and threat detection All AT&T Cybersecurity solutions are powered by AT&T Threat Intellect. © 2017 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property. __________Designer __________Creative Dir. 100 Blue Ravine Road Folsom, CA 95630 916-932-1300 __________Editorial __________Prepress www.erepublic.com CMY grey T1 T2 T3 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 Page # __________Other ____________OK to go BLACK YELLOW MAGENTA CYAN VOL. 31, NO. 1 10.2017 There are more than 15,000 bail bondsmen in the country. Many people say it’s time to reform that system. SPECIAL ANNIVERSARY COVERAGE 36 THE TWO ATLANTAS This issue marks 30 years since Things are looking up right now in Governing debuted in October 1987. the Georgia city. Well, at least part of it. By Alan Greenblatt 26 30 YEARS LATER A lot has changed—and a lot hasn’t—since 44 BUDGETING Governing began publishing. INSIDE THE LINES By Alan Ehrenhalt For the past 25 years, Colorado’s Taxpayer PLUS: Bill of Rights has defi ned spending in 16 How federalism has shifted the state. 25 How cities have taken on new roles By Liz Farmer 58 Public management circa 2047 60 30 years of advances in technology 62 Why the city/suburb dynamic 50 THE NEW WORK has changed Irregular hours and unpredictable schedules have redefi ned work for many Americans. States are just 30 BAILING OUT starting to take notice. Everyone agrees our bail system is broken. By J.B. Wogan So why is it so hard to get anything done? By John Buntin PHOTO BY FLICKR/DARCY PARKS; COVER PHOTO GETTYIMAGES.COM PHOTO BY FLICKR/DARCY PARKS; October 2017 | GOVERNING 1 GOV10_01.indd 1 9/20/17 11:07 AM __________Designer __________Creative Dir. 100 Blue Ravine Road Folsom, CA 95630 916-932-1300 __________Editorial __________Prepress www.erepublic.com CMY grey T1 T2 T3 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 Page # __________Other ____________OK to go BLACK YELLOW MAGENTA CYAN DEPARTMENTS 4 Publisher’s Desk 6 Letters OBSERVER ATLANTA OFFICE OF RESILIENCE ATLANTA 9 On the Defensive In Texas, “defensive cities” are organizing against tax increases. 10 Barber Poles, Red Tape A fi ght over a barbershop has led one state to streamline its regs. 20 12 No Urge to Merge City mergers make a lot of sense, but they rarely happen. PROBLEM SOLVER POLITICS + POLICY 56 Behind the Numbers Police overtime can impact performance and 14 Assessments infl uence offi cers’ judgment in sensitive situations. What’s in a neighborhood’s name? 58 Smart Management What are the trends that will aff ect states 30 years 16 Potomac Chronicle from now? Here are fi ve big ones. APIMAGES.COM The idea of federalism has shifted over the past 30 years. 59 Better Government 17 The only way we can make police departments more 17 Politics Watch eff ective is by decreasing racial bias. Seattle’s mayoral roller coaster goes back decades. 60 Tech Talk Technology has changed rapidly since 1987. The public 18 Health sector needs to do better at keeping up. Has the time for data-driven medical care fi nally arrived? 62 Public Money Cities and suburbs’ fi ght for revenues has shifted in 20 Green Government the past 30 years. Atlanta’s new sustainability director was raised to be green. 64 Last Look In Reno, Nev., a sign of the times. 24 Economic Engines Increased automation can be good—within reason. 25 Urban Notebook Urbanism has gradually ceased to be a radical idea. SHUTTERSTOCK.COM 2 GOVERNING | October 2017 62 GOV10_01.indd 2 9/20/17 11:08 AM __________Designer __________Creative Dir. 100 Blue Ravine Road Folsom, CA 95630 916-932-1300 __________Editorial __________Prepress www.erepublic.com CMY grey T1 T2 T3 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 Page # __________Other ____________OK to go BLACK YELLOW MAGENTA CYAN GETTING HERE IS EASY. IT’S THAT WHOLE LEAVING PART THAT’S TOUGH. Not only is Birmingham centrally-located, but so are our meeting facilities. And while having space that’s all in one place and just 10 minutes from the airport is reason to come here, it’s the established, award-winning restaurants and other one-of-a-kind things that make it so hard to leave. Book your next convention in the place where business meets pleasure. In Birmingham. inbirmingham.com | #INBirmingham | 800 - 458 - 8085 350K SQUARE FEET OF MEETING AND EXHIBITION SPACE • 18K SEAT ARENA • 4K SEATS IN TWO THEATERS • ALL ON THE BIRMINGHAM-JEFFERSON CONVENTION COMPLEX CAMPUS. CVB GovMag 8 375x10 875 MtgConv ƒREV indd 1 9/6/17 12:18 PM __________Designer __________Creative Dir. 100 Blue Ravine Road Folsom, CA 95630 916-932-1300 __________Editorial __________Prepress www.erepublic.com CMY grey T1 T2 T3 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 5 25 50 75 95 100 Page # __________Other ____________OK to go BLACK YELLOW MAGENTA CYAN PUBLISHER’S DESK Publisher Mark Funkhouser Executive Editor Zach Patton Managing Editor Elizabeth Daigneau Senior Editors Alan Ehrenhalt, John Martin The Most Important Work Chief Copy Editor Miriam Jones Copy Editors Kate Albrecht, Lauren Harrison s near as I can recall, I’ve been reading Governing since Staff Writers J. Brian Charles, Liz Farmer, Alan Greenblatt, the fi rst issue appeared in October 1987. By that time I’d Mattie Quinn, Daniel C. Vock, J.B. Wogan been working in government for a little over 15 years Correspondent John Buntin and had risen to a position of leadership, heading the Contributing Editor Penelope Lemov A Columnists Katherine Barrett & Richard Greene, Scott Beyer, performance audit group for the Tennessee state auditor. The mag- azine gave me affi rmation and confi dence that I was not alone— William Fulton, Mark Funkhouser, Peter A. Harkness, Donald F. Kettl, Justin Marlowe, Alex Marshall, Tod Newcombe, that there were others who also felt that government could do Aaron M. Renn, Frank Shafroth more and could do it better. It gave me a platform from which I could learn from their successes and their failures. Senior Editor, Governing.com Caroline Cournoyer Senior Editor Alan Ehrenhalt has been with Governing almost Web Producer, Governing.com Natalie Delgadillo from its inception, and his essay in this issue traces the shifting re- Data Editor, Governing.com Mike Maciag lationships among the federal, state and local levels of government during our 30-year history. For most of that time, Ehrenhalt writes, Chief Content Offi cer Paul W. Taylor states and localities sought the power to act independently. That’s Director, Governing Institute Julia Burrows because while the president and Chief Design Offi cer Kelly Martinelli Congress soak up huge amounts of Photo Editor David Kidd attention, the federal government Graphic Designer Kale Mendonca is, in fact, very distant from the lives Production Director Stephan Widmaier of ordinary people. “Governing” is a verb, and the bulk of it is done at Founder & Publisher Emeritus Peter A. Harkness the state and local level. The other theme that Ehrenhalt Advertising 202-862-8802 traces is that these shifting govern- Senior VP of Strategic Accounts Stacy Ward-Probst mental roles have occurred against VPs of Strategic Accounts Arlene Boeger, Kim Frame, Shelley Ballard a backdrop of ongoing political and Associate Publishers Noel Hollis, Paige Helling social confl ict. We seem to always Offi ce Manager Alina Grant live in turbulent times, but we have Marketing/Classifi ed [email protected] Mark Funkhouser, Publisher a sort of collective amnesia that e.Republic Inc. allows us to smooth over the rough CEO Dennis McKenna spots in our past, leaving us thinking that the present moment is President Cathilea Robinett somehow especially dangerous or dire. History teaches us other- Executive VP Alan Cox wise. In Dynamite: The Story of Class Violence in America, pub- CFO Paul Harney lished in 1931, Louis Adamic described horrifi c confl ict through CAO Lisa Harney much of the nation’s history to that point. Reprint Information It was during just such a time—after a small personal political Reprints of all articles in this issue and past issues are available victory that seemed to lead directly to continued confl ict—that I (500 minimum).