BERUIT, LEBANON. WIKIMEDIA COMMONS USAID/LEBANON CITIZEN PERCEPTION SURVEY (CPS) – WAVE 2 MAY 2021 This publication was produced at the request of the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared independently by Social Impact’s Lebanon PMSPL II project. Findings in this report do not necessarily represent the views of USAID. USAID/LEBANON CITZEN PERCEPTION SURVEY (CPS) – WAVE 2 MAY 2021 Contracted under AID-268-C-15-0001 Performance Management and Support Program for Lebanon (PMSPL II) for USAID/Lebanon Social Impact, Inc., Corporate Office 2300 Clarendon Boulevard Suite 1000 Arlington, VA 22201 Tel: (703) 465 – 1884 [email protected] Social Impact, Inc., Lebanon Office Arz Street Librex Bldg. Bloc B – 3rd Floor Zalka, Ment, Lebanon Tel: +961-1-879260 i | LEBANON CITIZEN PERCEPTION SURVEY (CPS) 2021, WAVE 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents .................................................................................................................. ii Table of Tables and Figures ................................................................................................ iv Acronyms ............................................................................................................................. vii 1 Introduction and Purpose ............................................................................................... 1 2 Methodology .................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Sampling .................................................................................................................................................. 2 2.2 Questionnaire ........................................................................................................................................ 3 2.3 Data Collection ..................................................................................................................................... 4 2.4 Analysis ................................................................................................................................................... 5 2.5 Description of the Sample .................................................................................................................. 5 2.6 Structure of the Report ...................................................................................................................... 8 3 Changes in Citizen Perceptions between Wave 1 (2019) and Wave 2 (2021) .......... 9 4 Political Economy: Findings ......................................................................................... 10 4.1 Economic Situation ............................................................................................................................ 10 4.2 Trust in Institutions............................................................................................................................ 12 4.3 Satisfaction with Public Services ..................................................................................................... 15 4.4 Security and Conflict ......................................................................................................................... 16 4.5 Political Identity .................................................................................................................................. 17 5 Political Economy: Conclusions ................................................................................... 18 6 Economic Growth: Findings ......................................................................................... 19 6.1 Measurement of Labor & Employment ......................................................................................... 19 6.2 Labor Force Participation, Employment, Unemployment ........................................................ 20 6.3 Household Expenses .......................................................................................................................... 27 6.4 Access to Financing for Personal Purposes .................................................................................. 32 6.5 Entrepreneurship ................................................................................................................................ 34 6.6 Business Access to Finance .............................................................................................................. 39 6.7 Challenges Facing Business Operations ........................................................................................ 40 7 Economic Growth: Conclusions ................................................................................... 43 8 Gender: Findings ........................................................................................................... 45 8.1 Domestic Violence ............................................................................................................................. 45 ii | LEBANON CITIZEN PERCEPTION SURVEY (CPS) 2021, WAVE 2 9 Gender: Conclusions ..................................................................................................... 48 10 Dissemination of Results ......................................................................................... 49 11 References ................................................................................................................. 50 Annex 1: W2 Concept Note............................................................................................... 51 Annex 2: Detailed Methods ................................................................................................ 63 Annex 3: W2 Questionnaire .............................................................................................. 71 Annex 4: W1 and W2 Cross-Sectional Comparison ....................................................... 84 Annex 5: W1 and W2 Cross-Sectional Comparison – By Governorate ........................ 89 Annex 6. W1 and W2 Panel Comparison – By Governorate ......................................... 93 iii | LEBANON CITIZEN PERCEPTION SURVEY (CPS) 2021, WAVE 2 TABLE OF TABLES AND FIGURES TABLES Table 1. W2 Allocation of Cross-Section and Panel Sample Across Governorates ....................................... 4 Table 2. Sample Demographics .................................................................................................................................... 6 Table 3. Allocation of Sample by District (Caza) ..................................................................................................... 63 Table 4. Response Rate Details by Governorate, New Sample ........................................................................... 66 Table 5. Response Rate Details by Governorate, Panel Sample .......................................................................... 67 Table 6. Questions with Five Percent or Greater Non-response, New Sample ............................................. 69 Table 7. Questions with Five Percent or Greater Non-response, Panel Sample ............................................ 69 Table 8. W1 and W2 Sample Demographics ......................................................................................................... 84 Table 9. Political Economy - W1/W2 Cross-Sectional Comparisons ................................................................. 85 Table 10. Economic Growth - W1/W2 Cross-Sectional Comparisons ............................................................. 86 Table 11. Change in Service Satisfaction, Cross Sectional versus Panel Comparison .................................... 87 Table 12. Change in Perception of Economic Situation (Cross-Sectional Comparison), By Governorate89 Table 13. Change in Perception of Challenges Facing Country (Cross-Sectional Comparison), By Governorate ..................................................................................................................................................................... 89 Table 14. Change in Perception of Trust in Institutions (Cross-Sectional Comparison), By Governorate .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 89 Table 15. Change in Satisfaction with Services (Cross-Sectional Comparison), By Governorate ............... 90 Table 16. Change in Labor Force Participation (Cross-Sectional Comparison), By Governorate .............. 90 Table 17. Change in Reason for Not Working, Inactive Population (Cross-Sectional Comparison), By Governorate ..................................................................................................................................................................... 90 Table 18. Change in Reason for Not Working, Inactive Population (Cross-Sectional Comparison), By Governorate ..................................................................................................................................................................... 91 Table 19. Change in Remittances (Cross-Sectional Comparison), By Governorate ....................................... 91 Table 20. Change in Business Ownership (Cross-Sectional Comparison), By Governorate ........................ 92 Table 21. Change in Perception of Economic Situation (Panel Comparison), By Governorate ................... 93 Table 22. CHANGE In Most Important Challenge Facing the Country (Panel Comparison), By Governorate ....................................................................................................................................................................