EURO ASIAN TRANSPORT LINKS INLAND VS. MARITIME TRANSPORT: COMPARISON STUDY This study was undertaken as part of the UNECE Expert Group on Euro-Asian Transport Links (EATL) under the EATL project Phase II. This draft cannot be quoted nor cited as it is the subject of approval by the governments of countries participating in the EATL EG. Any comments about this study may be provided to [email protected]. 8 November 2010 DRAFT FOR COMMENTS ONLY (Not to be cited or quoted) Contents Contents................................................................................................................................................2 LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................................................3 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS................................................................................................................3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY....................................................................................................................5 CHAPTER 1: TRADE BETWEEN ASIA AND EUROPE.................................................................8 CHAPTER 2 BLOCK TRAINS IN EUROPE AND ASIA ...............................................................13 EXISTING BLOCK TRAINS IN EUROPE – ASIA .............................................................................................13 Poti – Baku ...................................................................................................................................13 Vostochny, Moscow, Novosibirsk, Taganrog (Hyundai), Izhevsk (KIA), Naberezhnye Chelny (Ssang Yong), Uzbekistan (GM Daewoo) and Ulyanovsk (Isuzu) ................................................13 VW – SKODA AUTO ....................................................................................................................14 Volkswagen (VW)..........................................................................................................................14 KIA Kazakhstan ............................................................................................................................15 PEUGEOT ....................................................................................................................................15 CD Cargo Czech Republic............................................................................................................16 Trains listed by the Organization for Railways Cooperation (OSJD) in 2008 .............................16 Demonstration train runs ............................................................................................................17 CHAPTER 3 EURO-ASIAN MARITIME ROUTES .......................................................................18 PORT MANAGEMENT ..............................................................................................................................18 Terminal Handling Charges (THC)..............................................................................................19 Freight Rates.................................................................................................................................22 Time Schedule...............................................................................................................................25 Road Transport Costs ...................................................................................................................27 CHAPTER 4: RAIL TIME-COSTS ALONG EURO-ASIAN ROUTES ........................................29 TIME SCHEDULE ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................................30 The gauge issue.............................................................................................................................30 Field Experience...........................................................................................................................31 Afghanistan ...................................................................................................................................32 Armenia.........................................................................................................................................32 Azerbaijan.....................................................................................................................................32 Belarus..........................................................................................................................................32 Bulgaria ........................................................................................................................................33 China.............................................................................................................................................33 Georgia .........................................................................................................................................33 Germany........................................................................................................................................33 Greece...........................................................................................................................................34 Iran ...............................................................................................................................................34 Kaliningrad...................................................................................................................................35 Kazakhstan....................................................................................................................................35 Kyrgyzstan ....................................................................................................................................36 Latvia ............................................................................................................................................36 Lithuania.......................................................................................................................................36 Moldova ........................................................................................................................................36 Mongolia.......................................................................................................................................36 Poland...........................................................................................................................................37 Romania........................................................................................................................................37 Russian Federation .......................................................................................................................37 Tajikistan ......................................................................................................................................39 Turkey ...........................................................................................................................................39 Turkmenistan ................................................................................................................................39 Ukraine .........................................................................................................................................39 Uzbekistan.....................................................................................................................................40 TARIFF RATES AND STRUCTURE ...............................................................................................................41 2 CHAPTER 5 COMPARISON OF RAIL AND MARITIME TRANSPORT ALONG EATL ROUTES ...............................................................................................................................................42 Trans Siberian Railway route .......................................................................................................42 The UNESCAP block trains report ..............................................................................................43 EATL ROUTE 1: KHABAROVSK (R USSIA -ORIGIN ) - POTSDAM (G ERMANY - DESTINATION )........................45 EATL ROUTE 2 [FROM HANGZHOU (C HINA -ORIGIN ) TO KALUGA (R USSIA - DESTINATION )] ......................48 EATL ROUTE 3 [ FROM TASHKENT (U ZBEKISTAN -ORIGIN ) TO VARNA (B ULGARIA - DESTINATION )] ..........51 EATL ROUTE 4 [FROM ALMATY (K AZAKHSTAN - ORIGIN ) TO ISTANBUL (T URKEY - DESTINATION )] ...........54 EATL ROUTE 5 [FROM MORVARID TOWN (I RAN ) TO PUSHKIN (R USSIA )] .................................................57 EATL ROUTE 6 [ FROM USSURIYSK (R USSIA FEDERATION -ORIGIN ) TO KIEV (U KRAINE DESTINATION )] .....60 EATL ROUTE 7 [ FROM SHANGHAI (C HINA - ORIGIN ) TO WARSAW (P OLAND - DESTINATION )] .................63 EATL ROUTE 8 [FROM KRASNODAR (R USSIA -OROGIN ) TO KALININGRAD (R USSIA - DESTINATION )] .........66 CASE STUDY : CAR MANUFACTURERS ALONG EURO ASIA TRANSPORT LINKS ................................................68 PCMA RUS LLC – CASE STUDY [ FROM VESOUL (F RANCE ) TO KALUGA (R USSIA )] .....................................69 ANNEX I ...............................................................................................................................................73 LIST OF FIGURES ST FIGURE 1. WORLD EXPORTS – IMPORTS THE 1 QUARTER