Technical Report Consumption-Based Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory for Oregon - 2005 Technical Report Prepared for DEQ by Stockholm Environment Institute - US Center August 2, 2011 GREENHOUSE GAS IMPACTS OF OREGON’S CONSUMPTION ESTIMATES OF THE GREENHOUSE GASES RELEASED TO PRODUCE, TRANSPORT, SELL, USE, AND DISPOSE GOODS & SERVICES CONSUMED IN OREGON TECHNICAL REPORT: FINAL AUGUST 2, 2011 Stockholm Environment Institute – U.S. Center for the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality Authors: Elizabeth A. Stanton, Ramón Bueno, Frank Ackerman, Pete Erickson, Roel Hammerschlag, and Jeff Cegan Stockholm Environment Institute – U.S. Center www.sei-us.org Technical report citation: Stanton, E.A, Bueno, R., Ackerman, F., Erickson, P., Hammerschlag, R, and Cegan, J. (2011). Greenhouse Gas Impacts of Oregon’s Consumption: Technical Report. Somerville, MA: Stockholm Environment Institute-U.S. Center. http://www.sei-us.org. CBEI model citation: Stanton, E.A., Bueno, R. and Ackerman, F. (2011). Consumption-Based Emissions Inventory (CBEI). Version 1.2 (March 2011). Somerville, MA: Stockholm Environment Institute-U.S. Center. http://sei-us.org/projects/id/143. Greenhouse Gas Impacts of Oregon’s Consumption - TECHNICAL REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Overview ....................................................................................................................................5 2. CBEI Results ................................................................................................................................9 2.1. Oregon Global Warming Commission Emissions Inventory ....................................................... 11 2.1.1. “Oregon Global Warming Commission Inventory” by life-cycle phase .............................. 11 2.1.2. Reconciling the Oregon Global Warming Commission Inventory and Oregon CBEI .......... 13 2.2. Oregon’s Consumption-Based Inventory .................................................................................... 15 2.2.1. Consumption-based emissions by location of emission ..................................................... 19 2.2.2. Consumption-based emissions by type of consumer ......................................................... 21 3. Analysis of Oregon’s Consumption-Based Emissions ................................................................... 22 3.1. Comparing emissions intensities by production geography ....................................................... 22 3.2. Using CBEI to perform Detailed Life-cycle Analysis .................................................................... 24 3.3. International Example: Oregon’s Clothing Consumption ........................................................... 25 3.3.1. Oregon Clothing Production ............................................................................................... 26 3.3.2. Oregon Clothing Imports..................................................................................................... 27 3.3.3. Upstream Emissions of Clothing Exporters ......................................................................... 29 3.3.4. U.S. Clothing Imports Since 2001 ........................................................................................ 30 4. CBEI Methodology ..................................................................................................................... 32 4.1. Final Demand .............................................................................................................................. 35 4.1.1. Calculations by location of emission ................................................................................... 36 4.1.2. Gross demand ..................................................................................................................... 37 4.2. Greenhouse Gas Coefficients ...................................................................................................... 39 4.2.1. Oregon direct coefficients ................................................................................................... 39 4.2.2. U.S. direct coefficients ........................................................................................................ 40 4.2.3. Foreign direct+indirect coefficients .................................................................................... 42 4.3. Greenhouse Gas Emissions ......................................................................................................... 46 4.3.1. GHG emissions by phase ..................................................................................................... 46 4.3.2. Category mapping ............................................................................................................... 47 4.4. LCA Processing ............................................................................................................................ 48 4.5. Use .............................................................................................................................................. 49 4.6. Disposal ....................................................................................................................................... 50 4.7. Model Reconciliation .................................................................................................................. 52 4.8. LCA Demand Modeler ................................................................................................................. 53 4.9. Data sources ................................................................................................................................ 55 5. Limitations and Further Research .............................................................................................. 58 5.1. Limitations to CBEI ...................................................................................................................... 58 5.1.1. Disaggregating emissions inventories ................................................................................. 58 5.1.2. Transportation emissions data ........................................................................................... 58 5.1.3. IMPLAN’s trade data ........................................................................................................... 58 5.1.4. Updating to IMPLAN 2007 .................................................................................................. 59 5.1.5. Reconciling U.S. and international emissions data ............................................................. 59 5.2. Further Model Development ...................................................................................................... 61 5.2.1. Automating IMPLAN data entry .......................................................................................... 61 5.2.2. Automating emissions data entry ....................................................................................... 62 5.2.3. Automating use and disposal phase data entry .................................................................. 62 11-LQ-042 2 Greenhouse Gas Impacts of Oregon’s Consumption - TECHNICAL REPORT 5.2.4. Automating data entry for counties ................................................................................... 62 6. Appendix: CBEI Category Mapping ............................................................................................. 64 7. References ................................................................................................................................74 11-LQ-042 3 Greenhouse Gas Impacts of Oregon’s Consumption - TECHNICAL REPORT TABLE OF TABLES Table 1: “Oregon Global Warming Commission Inventory” by Life-Cycle Phase, 2005 ............................. 12 Table 2: Final Consumption-Based Emissions, Oregon 2008 ...................................................................... 14 Table 3: Oregon Consumption-Based Emissions by Life-Cycle Phase ......................................................... 15 Table 4: Oregon Consumption-Based Emissions Ranked by Commodity Category ................................... 16 Table 5: Oregon Consumption-Based Emissions by Commodity Sub-category .......................................... 17 Table 6: Oregon Consumption-Based Emissions by Location of Emission ................................................. 20 Table 7: Oregon Consumption-Based Emissions by Type of Consumer ..................................................... 21 Table 8: Three-Phase Emissions Intensities, using CBEI-LCA ...................................................................... 22 Table 9: Comparison of Three-Phase Emissions Intensities, using CBEI-LCA .............................................. 23 Table 10: CBEI-LCA of Emissions Oregon Consumer's Purchase of Beer .................................................... 24 Table 11: CBEI-LCA of Emissions Oregon Consumer's Purchase of Clothing .............................................. 26 Table 12: U.S. and Oregon Clothing Industry, 2002 .................................................................................... 27 Table 13: U.S. Clothing Imports by Region of Origin, 2001 ......................................................................... 28 Table 14: Electricity Production Mix for Selected Countries, 2001 ............................................................ 29 Table 15: Non-Domestic Share of Clothing Production Emissions, 2001 ................................................... 30 Table 16: Share of China’s Clothing Production