AFRICAN TOPONYMS MENTIONED IN THE VOLUME Adrar City and department in southwestern Algeria Ādrār (Adrar) Region and city of northern Mauritania Adrar des Ifoghas Sandstone massif in the Kidal region of northeast- (Adraṛ -n-Ifoṛ aṣ ) ern Mali Agadez City in northern Niger Agadir-Tissint Main town of the Tissint Oasis, in Morocco’s Jabal Bânî range. Province of Tâtâ. Aïr Mountains Granitic massif in central Niger. Akjoujt Capital town of the Inchiri region of western Mauritania Akka Large oasis at the foot of Morocco’s Anti Atlas range. Province of Tâtâ. Alkalawa Capital of the Hausa city-state of Gobir, in today’s norther Nigeria. It was captured by Muḥammad Bello in 1808. Arawān (Arawan, Village of northern Mali (Essouk district, region of Araouane) Timbuktu) Awdaghust Medieval town of West Africa, in today’s southern (Aoudaghost, Mauritania Audaghost, modern Tegdaoust) Āwlīl Medieval salt mine on the coast of Mauritania Azawād (Azaouad, Region of northern Mali and northern Niger Azawad) Azūgī Early Almoravid town next to Ātār,̣ in the Ādrār region of northern Mauritania Bamba Town of Mali (Bourem district, region of Gao), on the Niger River Bambuk (Bambouk) Once an important source of gold in eastern Senegal and western Mali Banjul (formerly Capital of The Gambia, founded in 1816 as a British Bathurst) trading post on an island (St. Mary/Banjul) at the mouth of the Gambia River Baraya Zaki Historical town of northern Nigeria, within the ter- ritory of the former Hausa city-state of Gobir Barīsā (Yaresna) Medieval town on the upper Senegal River, men- tioned by the 6th/12th century Arab geographer al-Idrīsī in his major work al-Kitāb al-Rujārī Béchar City and department in western Algeria Béjaïa (Bougie; Kabyle Mediterraneam port and department in northeast- Bgayet) ern Algeria african toponyms 369 Beni Wartilan Region in Lower Kabylia, north-eastern Algeria, (Beni Ouartilène, corresponding to a former clan At-Ouartilène, Kabyle Aithwarthilane) Ber Village in the Timbuktu region of Mali Bilma Oasis town in northeastern Niger with a major saltpan Borno (Bornu) Medieval empire and modern state of northeastern Nigeria Boû Djébéha Village of Mali in the region of Timbuktu Bourem Town of Mali on the Niger River and in the Gao region Boutilimit (Bū Tilimīt) Town in the Trārza region of southwestern Mauritania Brākna (Brakna) Former emirate and modern region of southwestern Mauritania Chaouia Plain Coastal plain of north-central Morocco, south of (as-Shāwīyā) Casablanca Dar’a, River valley in central Morocco. Darfur (Dār Fūr) Region and also kingdom in eastern Sudan Diakha (Dia, Arabic Clerical town on the Middle Niger, corresponding Zāgha) to the village of Dia, in Mali’s Mopti region Elmina Coastal town of Ghana Erg Chech Desert area of sand dunes in southwestern Algeria and northern Mali Erg Iguidi Desert area of sand dunes in western Algeria and northern Mauritania Erg Waran Desert area of sand dunes in northwestern (Erg Ouarane) Mauritania Fayyūm (Fayum, City and governatorate of northern Egypt Faiyūm, Fayoum) Fdérik-Zouérat Iron-ore complex mines in northern Mauritania Fez (Fes, Arabic Fās) City in northern Morocco and center of Islamic learning out of the Qarawiyyin mosque Fezzan Southwestern region of Libya Fustat (al-Fustāṭ )̣ Historical capital and modern town of northern Egypt Fuwa (Fūwa) City of northern Egypt Gao Town and district of Mali Ghadamès Oasis town of western Libya, on the Algerian- (Ghadāmis) Tunisian border Gibla (Qibla) The southwestern part of Mauritania, coextensive with the Brākna and Trārza regions Gobir Historic city-state of Hausaland (Nigeria) Goundam Town of central Mali, southwest of Timbuktu (Goundame).