THE EFFECT OF PARTICIPATION lN THE GIRL GUIDES OF CANADA-GUIDES DU CANADA ON YOUNG WOMEN Tanya Eybel Submitted in partial fulfillrn~~~of the reguirements for the degree of Master of Ans (Leisure Studies) Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia December 1999 0 Copyright by Tanya L. Eybel National Library Bibliothèque nationale du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services seMces bibliographiques 395 Welington Street 385, rue Wdiingtoci OnawaON K1AW WONK1AW Canada canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Library of Canada to BibIiothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or seii reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/fk, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format electronique. The author retains ownetship of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fkom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or othenuise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. Dedication This thesis is dedicated to two people. My mother, Helen, who has given me the love and support to be who I am today and to Jay who has ben there every aep of the way with reassurance, patience and support. 1 love you both. Table of Contents Table of Contents .......................................................................................................... v List of Tables and Figures ............................................................................................. xi . Abstract ....................................................................................................................... XII .* Ac knowledgements ..................................................................................................... xi1 Chapter One: Introduction ............................................................................................ 1 Youth Organiations ................................................................................................. 1 Girl Guides of Canada-Guides du Canada (GGC) ................................................. 3. Purpose of Study ................................................................................................... 5 Significance of Study ................................................................................................ 5 Limitations ............................................................................................................... 6 Delimitations ........................................................................................................ -6 Definition of Terms ....................... .......................................................................6 Chapter Two: Review of Literature .............................................................................. -8 The Concept of Leisure ............................................................................................8 Human Development and Life Stages ........................................................................9 Young Childhood (5 to 7 years) ......................................................................... 11 Sparks (5 to 6 years) .....................................................................................II Brownies (7 io 8 years) .................................................................................11 Middle Childhood (8 to 1 1 years) ....................................................................... 12 Guides (9 to 12 years) .................................................................................. 12 Young Adolescence (12 to 14 years) .................................................................. 13 Pathfinders (12 to 15 yean) .......................................................................... 13 Adolescence (1 5 to 1 7 years) ............................................................................. 14 Senior Branches (15 to 17+ years) ................................................................ 15 Cadets ( 1 5 to 1 7+ years) ............................................................................... 16 Junior Leaders ( 14 to 1 8+ years) ..................... ... ....................................... 16 Rangers ( 15 to 1 7+ years) ............................ .. ............................................ 16 Leisure in Adolescence ........................................................................................... 17 Service Programs ..................................................................................................... 20 Youth Organizations .............................................................................................. 21 The Girl Guide Organization .............................................................................. 22 Girl Guiding in Canada .............................................................................. 22 Girl Guiding in Nova Scotia .......................................................................... 23 Girl Guides today ......................................................................................... -24 Chapter Three: Methodology .......................... ... .....................................................27 Research Orientation ..............................................................................................27 Theoretical Frarneworks ........................................................................................28 Phenomenology .......................... ...................................................................78 Feminist Theory ............................................................................................. 29 Research Strategies ...............................................................................................30 Credibility .......................................................................................................30 Transferability ........................................ .......................................................... 32 Dependability .................................................................................................. 32 -9 Confhability ...................................................................................................-33 Methodology ......................................................................................................... 35 Narrative Analysis ................................................................................................. 37 Purpose of Study ...................................................................................................38 The Researcher's Role in the Study ....................................................................... 39 Ethical Approval ....................................................................................................39 Pmicipant Sample and Demographics ................................................................ 39 Sampling Procedure ..............................................................................................40 Data Collection .......................................................................................................41 Interview Process .............................................................................................. 41 Pilot interviews ............................................................................................. 41 Participant inte~ews................................................................................. 42 Post interview ............................................................................................... 43 Transcribing the inte~ew....................................................................... 43 Mernber checks ............................................................................................ -44 Incorporating changes fiom second meeting ................................................ -44 Data Management ................................................................................................... 45 Data Reduction ................................................................................................ 45 Data Display ...................................................................................................... 46 Data Analysis ......................................................................................................... 47 Narrative Analysis .............................................................................................. 47 Stage One .................... .... .......................................................................... 47 Stage Two ................................................................................................... 47 Stage Three .................................................................................................. 48 Stage Four ................................................................................................... -48 Stage Five ................... ... .......................................................................... 48 Chaptrr Four: Results ................................................................................................. 49 First Participant