FINAL REPORT KANPUR CITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN JAWAHARLAL NEHRU August 2006 NATIONAL URBAN RENEWAL MISSION (JNNURM) JPS ASSOCIATES (P) LTD. CONSULTANTS Acknowledgement This report was prepared by a multi-sectoral team led by Mr. Pritam Kapur, Project Director, who has seen the overall co-ordination and Dr. Vinita Yadav, Project Manager, who has not only managed the project and worked on chapters but also gone through each and every chapter and carried out improvements so that consistency can be maintained in the report. The team included Mr. D.C.Awasthi (Municipal Services Expert), Mr. S.S. Mathur (Team Leader) who has worked for initial two weeks, Mr. S.K.Relan, institutional Expert, Mr. Punit Mathur and Mr. O.P. Bohra as Financial Expert and Mr. K.K. Mahapatra as Environmental Expert who have given their valuable input for different chapters. The team would also like to acknowledge the efforts put in by Mr. Shukla, Mr. Birender, Mr. Davis, Mani, Ranjit and Gopal who provided excellent administrative support in production of the final version of the report. The team appreciates the valuable feedback received from Ms. Anita Bhatnagar Jain, Divisional Commissioner, Mr. Anurag Srivastav, District Magistrate, Mr. Badal Chatterjee, Municipal Commissioner, Mr. U.N. Tiwari, Additional Commissioner of K.N.N., Mr. Deepak Kumar, Vice Chairman, KDA which helped in the improvement of the report. The team would like to place on record its appreciation of the cooperation received from Ms. Anita Bhatnagar Jain, Divisional Commissioner for bringing all the officials under one umbrella to discuss the city vision, strategies, action plan and financial investment and special thanks to Mr. Badal Chatterjee, Municipal Commissioner and Mr. U.N.Tiwari, Addl. Municipal Commissioner and his team who has provided their support throughout the study period and not only helped us in timely completion of the study but also given their valuable feedback on the current situation of Kanpur and their likely solutions. Grateful acknowledgement is also made of the contribution of staff members of Kanpur Nagar Nigam, District Urban Development Agency, U.P. Housing Board, Kanpur Development Authority, U.P. Jal Nigam, Kanpur Jal Nigam and Kanpur Jal Sansthan for their continual guidance and support in the preparation of report. The research benefited greatly from regular consultations with different officials and other stakeholders i.e. Merchant Chamber of Commerce, Indian Industries Association, Kanpur Industrial Dev. Co-operative Estate Ltd., Kanpur Builders and Promoters Association, Property Dealers and Builders Association, Hotel and Restaurant Association, Chauk Sharafa Vayapar Mandal, eminent Citizens, non-government organizations and community development societies. The names of the stakeholders are annexed. The team would also like to express its gratitude especially to Mr. Amol Kumar Verma, Principal Secretary; Mr. S.P. Singh, Special Secretary; Mr. Nisith Rai, Director, RCUES, Ms. Urmila Bagga, Joint Director, RCUES and Mr. Sree Ram, Consultant RCUES for their participation and suggestions given in the seminars/presentations organized during the course of the study in June and July 2006. KANPUR City Development Plan (CDP) TABLE OF CONTENTS Sl. No. Contents Page No. Executive Summary i-xiv 1. Approach to Development of ‘City Development Plan’ for Kanpur 1-6 2 City Profile 7-12 3 Demography 13-16 4 Economy 17-22 5. Land Use 23-26 6. Housing 27-36 7. Basic Services for the Poor in Kanpur 37-51 8. Road and Transportation Planning 52-62 9. Municipal Services 63-83 10. Heritage and Tourism 84-90 11. Environmental Management Plan for Kanpur City 91 -100 12. Stakeholder Consultations 101-107 13. Institutional Frame Work and Institutional Reforms for Kanpur 108-132 14. Kanpur Cantonment 133-137 15. Vision and Strategies 138-149 16. Finances of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) in Kanpur 150-169 17. Financing of Investment Plan And Project Phasing 170-186 18. Status of Urban Reforms 187-189 Final Report: Kanpur City Development Plan Under JNNURM KANPUR City Development Plan (CDP) List of Tables Table No. Contents Page No. 2.1 Importance of Kanpur 2-10 3.1 Population Change 3-13 3.2 Spatial Distribution of Population (2006) 3-15 3.3 Literacy Rate 3-15 3.4 Population under reserved categories 3-16 3.5 Population Projection by Different Methods 3-16 4.1 Workforce Participation in Kanpur 4-18 4.2 Industrial status of Kanpur 4-20 4.3 Growths in NSDP and Per Capita Income in Kanpur City 4-22 5.1 Land Use of Kanpur City (1961 – 1998) 5-24 5.2 Land Use as per Master Plan 2021 5-25 6.1 Type of Houses 6-28 6.2 Housing Provided by KDA till 1997 6-29 6.3 Houses Provided by KDA in Post 1997 period 6-29 6.4 Houses Developed by KDA in last 3 years 6-30 6.5 Houses Developed by U.P. Housing Board (Upto 31st March 6-31 2006) 6.6 Access to Basic Services 6-32 6.7 Housing Demand Projections (2001 to 2013) 6-33 7.1 Slum Population Details of Kanpur 7-38 7.2 Comparison of Educational Level in Slum Basties 7-39 7.3 Level of employment in Slum Basties 7-39 7.4 Level of Income in Slum Basties 7-39 7.5 Housing at Slum Basties 7-40 7.6 Houses Developed by KDA for Poorer Section of Society 7-43 8.1 Vehicle Registration Data for Kanpur City 8-54 8.2 Growth of Registered Vehicles in Kanpur 8.54 Final Report: Kanpur City Development Plan Under JNNURM KANPUR City Development Plan (CDP) Table No. Contents Page No. 9.1 Present status of water supply capabilities of Kanpur Jal Sansthan 9-65 9.2 Installed capacity of treatment of raw water 9-66 9.3 Water Supply Indicators 9-66 9.4 Discharge and length of different drains 9-72 9.5 Projected Waste Generation 9-74 9.6 Waste Composition in Kanpur (in %) 9-76 9.7 Type of Waste Storage Depots 9-78 9.8 Investment Required for Improvement of Waste Depots in Inner 9-79 Core Area 9.9 Trend of Water Borne Diseases in Kanpur 9-82 9.10 Trend Analysis of Malaria Cases 9-82 10.1 Tourist Arrivals 10-85 11.1 Water Quality at Various Sampling Points 11-93 11.2 Emission Loads from Domestic Source 11-95 11.3 Air Pollution 11-95 11.4 Point Source Emissions (in kg/hr) 11-95 11.5 Noise Level at Selected Locations 11-96 11.6 Sound Pollution 11-97 12.1 Institutional Responsibility Matrix 12-101 12.2 NGOs consulted 12-102 12.3 Details of consultation held with CDS 12-103 12.4 Details of Consultations held with Industries Associations 12-103 12.5 Details of Consultations held with Trade Associations 12-104 12.6 Details of Consultations with Property Dealers & Builders 12-105 Associations 12.7 Details of Consultations with H otel Associations 12-105 13.1 Institutional Responsibility Matrix 13-128 16.1 Revenue Composition of Kanpur Municipal Corporation 16-151 Final Report: Kanpur City Development Plan Under JNNURM KANPUR City Development Plan (CDP) Table No. Contents Page No. 16.2 Expenditure Pattern of Kanpur Municipal Corporation 16-153 16.3 Resource Gap of KNN (1998-2005) 16-156 16.4 Finances of Kanpur Jal Sansthan 16-159 16.5 Demand and Collection of Water Charges 16-160 16.6 Tariff Rates of Water Consumption 16-160 16.7 Financial Status of Kanpur Development Authority 16-163 16.8 Assumptions for Revenue Mobilization of KNN 16-166 16.9 Impact of reforms on KNN-(Ph-I) 16-167 16.10 Assumptions for Resource Mobilization of KJS 16-168 16.11 Impact of Reforms on KJS Finances 16-168 17.1 Project-wise of Investment Plan (2006-31) 17-172 17.2 Sector-wise Tentative Investments (2006-31) 17-174 17.3a. Project-wise Summary of Investment Plan: Phase-I (2006- 2011) 17-176 17.3b. Sector-wise Cost of Project Allocation- City Share 17-177 17.4 Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewable Mission (JNURM) 17.4a Source and Use of funds for the JNNUM (under submission I &II) 17.4b Department & Institution wise Cost of Project Allocation 17.5 Assumptions for the generation of funds by KNN, KJS and KDA 17.6 Source of Funds for 30% contribution of city 17.7 KNN-surplus for contribution to JNNURM 17.8 KJS-Surplus for contribution to JNNURM 17.9 Generation of resources for meeting O&M cost for the new assets 17-185 to be created under JNNURM 17.10 Source of funds for funding of the JNNURM programme 17-186 Final Report: Kanpur City Development Plan Under JNNURM KANPUR City Development Plan (CDP) List of Maps Map Description Page No. 1 Zonal Map of Kanpur City 2-7 2 Location of Inner and Outer City Area 3-15 List of Annexure s Annexure Description Page No. 1 Stakeholder Consultations 190-234 2 List of Officials who attended the meeting held on 19th 235 April 2006 2 Introducing E-Governance in Kanpur 236-239 3 JNNURM and Methodology for Developing ‘City 240- 252 Development Plan’ Final Report: Kanpur City Development Plan Under JNNURM KANPUR City Development Plan (CDP) List of Abbreviations JNNURM : Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Mission CDP : City Development Plan UIDSSMT : Urban Infrastructure Development Scheme for Small and Medium Towns IHSDP : Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme KNN : Kanpur Nagar Nigam KDA : Kanpur Development Authority 74th CAA : 74th Constitutional Amendment Act Final Report: Kanpur City Development Plan Under JNNURM EXECUTIVE SUMMARY KANPUR City Development Plan (CDP) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. JNNURM: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The central government has come out with the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM), which is a city-based programme, to build the capacity of cities for better urban management.