Submarine Ring of Fire 2004 - Mariana Arc R/V Thomas G. Thompson, Cruise TN167 March 27 - April 17 Chief Scientist Robert W. Embley Cruise Report Compiled by: Susan Merle, Shannon Ristau, Bob Embley and Bill Chadwick TABLE OF CONTENTS Figure Captions……………………………………....................................................................................................3 1.0 SUBMARINE RING OF FIRE 2004 CRUISE SUMMARY (Bob Embley) …………………................................. 5 1.1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS …………………………………………………............................................................6 Plate 1...........................................................................................................................................................................7 Plate 2...........................................................................................................................................................................9 Figure 1......................................................................................................................................................................11 Figure 2......................................................................................................................................................................13 Figure 3......................................................................................................................................................................15 Figure 4......................................................................................................................................................................17 Figure 5......................................................................................................................................................................19 1.2 OPERATIONS LOG ………………………………………………….....................................................................21 2.0 CRUISE PARTICIPANTS ………………………………………….......................................................................24 2.1 PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATIONS …………………………………...............................................................24 2.2 SCIENCE PARTY AND AFFILIATIONS …………………………………..........................................................24 2.3 R/V THOMAS G. THOMPSON PERSONNEL..........................................................................................................25 3.0 SUBMARINE RING OF FIRE (SROF) 2004 DISCIPLINE SUMMARIES ……...................................................26 3.1 HYDROTHERMAL PLUME STUDIES …………………….................................................................................26 3.1.1 2004 Mariana Arc SROF Hydrothermal Plume Studies (Ed Baker).........................................................................26 3.1.1a CTD Sample Descriptions ………………………………………….....................................................................…39 3.1.1b Vertical Casts and Tow-yos ………………………………......................................................................................39 3.2 MACROBIOLOGY ……………………………………………………….......................................................... …40 3.2.1 Macrofauna Summary (Verena Tunnicliffe) …………………………………….....................................................40 3.2.1a Table 1: Macrofaunal Collections………………………………………………......................................................40 3.2.1b Table 2: Species List …………………………………………………………….....................................................42 3.2.1c Bestiary of Animals Collected ……………………………………………………..................................................43 3.2.2 Larval Ecology and Near-Bottom Plankton Dynamics (Anna Metaxas) ……………..............................................53 3.2.2a List of Larval/Plankton Samples …………………………………………………...................................................53 3.2.3 Mesozooplankton Collections (John Dower) ……………………………………....................................................53 3.2.3a List of Mesozooplankton Samples …………………………………………………................................................54 3.2.4 Ogranization of Hydrothermal Vent Food Webs (Kim Juniper) ……………………..............................................54 3.3 MICROBIOLOGY ……………………………………………………………………............................................55 3.3.1 Microbial Mat Microbiology (Craig Moyer) ……………………………………………........................................55 3.3.1a Microbial Mat Microbiology Suction Sample List ……………………………………….......................................56 3.3.2 Hydrothermal Fluid Microbiology (Sheryl Bolton) ………………………………………......................................58 3.3.2a Fluid Microbiology Sample List and Analysis Overview ………………………………….....................................58 3.4 CHEMISTRY ………………………………………………………………………………....................................60 3.4.1 Vent Fluid Chemistry (Dave Butterfield) ……………………………..................................................................... 60 3.4.1a Mariana Arc Vent Fluid Chemistry Sample List.......................................................................................................62 3.4.2 Shipboard Measurements of Dissolved Hydrogen & Methane (Ben Larson) ……………......................................66 3.4.3 Vent Fluid Sampling for Dissolved Gases (John Lupton) ……………………………………................................67 3.4.3a Gas-Tight Samples ……………………………………………………………………............................................68 3.4.4 Water-Column Sampling for Helium Isotopes (John Lupton) …………………………..........................................68 1 3.4.5 Sample List for Sulfur Stable Isotope Analyses (Shunsuke Miyabe) …………………...........................................68 3.4.6 Redox Potential (Eh) Measurements (Ko-ichi Nakamura)........................................................................................70 3.5 GEOLOGY ………………………………………………………………………………....................................... 71 3.5.1 Geologic Summary (Neil Basu, Bill Chadwick, Cornel de Ronde, Bob Embley, Jim Heinz, and Bob Stern).........71 3.5.1a Geologic Samples ………………………………………………………………………….....................................73 3.5.2 Mapping with Imagenex Sonar Profiling System (Bob Embley and Bill Chadwick)...............................................76 4.0 PUBLIC OUTREACH ……………………………………………………………………......................................76 4.1 Ocean Exploration Submarine Ring of Fire Website (Susan Merle, Kyle Carothers, Bill Chadwick, Brian Johnson, Davida Remer, and Shannon Ristau) ………………..............................................76 5.0 NAVIGATION ………………………………………………………………………………………. ....................77 5.1 ROPOS Navigation Summary (Jim Illman and Sebastien Durand) ……………………………..............................77 5.2 MARIANA ARC DIVE TARGETS ………………………………………………….............................................78 5.2.1 NW Rota-1 Dive Targets ………………………………………………………………………………..................78 5.2.2 W Rota Dive Targets ………………………………………………………………………………….....................79 5.2.3 E Diamante Dive Targets ……………………………………………………………………………......................79 5.2.4 Maug Dive Targets ……………………………………………………………………………………....................79 5.2.5 NW Eifuku Dive Targets ……………………………………………………………………………......................80 5.2.6 Kasuga-2 Dive Targets ………………………………………………………………………………….................80 5.2.7 Daikoku Dive Targets ……………………………………………………………………………………...............81 5.3 Navigation Processing and Final Navigation. Files (Susan Merle and Shannon Ristau)..........................................81 5.3.1 Processed Navigation Quality and Time Range ………………………………………….......................................81 6.0 ROPOS DIVES: STATISTICS & SUMMARIES ……………………………........................................................82 6.1 ROPOS DIVE STATISTICS ………………………………………………………………....................................82 6.2 ROPOS DIVE SUMMARIES ………………………………………………………………...................................82 7.0 ROPOS SAMPLES ……………………………………………………………………….......................................85 7.1 R782 Sample Log: NW Rota-1 ……………………………………………………………….................................85 7.2 R783 Sample Log: NW Rota -1 ……………………………………………………………....................................86 7.3 R784 Sample Log: NW Rota -1 ……………………………………………………………....................................87 7.4 R785 Sample Log: W Rota ……………………………………………………………….......................................88 7.5 R786 Sample Log: NW Rota -1 ……………………………………………………………....................................88 7.6 R787 Sample Log: E Diamante …………………………………………………………….....................................90 7.7 R788 Sample Log: E Diamante …………………………………………………………….....................................91 7.8 R789 Sample Log: Maug …………………………………………………………………......................................92 7.9 R790 Sample Log: Maug ……………………………………..................................................................................93 7.10 R791 Sample Log: NW Eifuku …………………………………………………………….....................................93 7.11 R792 Sample Log : NW Eifuku ……………………………………………………………....................................95 7.12 R793 Sample Log: NW Eifuku …………………………………………………….................................................96 7.13 R794 Sample Log: Kasuga-2 ………………………………………………………………....................................97 7.14 R795 Sample Log: Daikoku ……………………………………………………………………..............................98 8.0 ROPOS DIVE LOGS …………………………………………………………………………………....................99 8.1 R782 Dive Log: NW Rota -1 ………………………………………………………………....................................99 8.2 R783 Dive Log: NW Rota -1 ………………………………………………………………..................................112 8.3 R784 Dive Log: NW Rota -1 ……………………………………………………………......................................128