Ornamental Plants Ornamental Plants Annual Reports and Research Reviews 2005 Annual Reports and Research Reviews 2005 OARDC Special Circular 197 OARDC Special January 2006 Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center Special Circular 197 In Partnership With Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center Ohio State University Extension In Partnership With Ohio State University Extension College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences and the OSU Extension Centers at Wooster and Piketon The information in this publication is supplied with the understanding that no discrimination is intended and no endorsement by The Ohio State University; the College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences; the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center; or Ohio State University Extension is implied. Due to constantly changing laws and regulations, no liability for the recommendations can be Steven A. Slack assumed. Director All publications of the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center are available to clientele on a Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, creed, religion, sexual orientation, national origin, gender, age, disability, or Vietnam-era veteran status. 1-2006-jaf 1680 Madison Avenue Wooster, Ohio 44691-4096 330-263-3700 The Ohio State University Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center 1680 Madison Avenue Cover Photos: The feathery finery of dawnredwood (Metasequoia glyptostroboides) brightens Wooster, Ohio 44691-4096 the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center’s (OARDC) Secrest Arboretum. For more information, see the article on page 166. 330-263-3700 Copyright © 2006, The Ohio State University Ohio Agricultural Research and Development In Partnership With Center. Ohio State University Extension College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences Ornamental Plants Annual Reports and Research Reviews 2005 Edited By James A. Chatfield Erik A. Draper David E. Dyke Pamela J. Bennett Joseph F. Boggs Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center Ohio State University Extension Department of Horticulture and Crop Science The Ohio State University January 2006 Special Circular 197 Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center In Partnership With Ohio State University Extension and the OSU Extension Centers at Wooster and Piketon Acknowledgments Editing Joy Ann Fischer, Communications and Technology Cover Design Mary Hoffelt, Communications and Technology Cover Photos Ken Chamberlain, Communications and Technology Salaries and research support were provided by state and federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center and Ohio State University Extension of The Ohio State University’s College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences. Additional grant support was provided by the organizations and companies listed in the individual research and Extension reports. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture, the Agricultural Research Service, The Ohio State University, or the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. 2 The Ohio State University/Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center Contents 1 ~ Ohio State University Extension Nursery, Landscape, 7 and Turf Team Directory: 2006 Jack Kerrigan 2 ~ Floriculture Industry Roundtable of Ohio 16 Charles T. Behnke and Claudio C. Pasian 3 ~ Weather Summary and Environmental Problems 22 of Ornamental Plants in Ohio: 2005 Pamela J. Bennett 4 ~ Insect Galls 28 Joseph F. Boggs 5 ~ The BackPocket Gardener 32 Jane A. Martin, Jane Wright, Barbara Bloetscher, David E. Dyke, Erik A. Draper, Pamela J. Bennett, Gary Y. Gao, Joseph F. Boggs, David J. Shetlar, Amy K. Stone,Timothy J. Malinich, and James A. Chatfield 6 ~ The Battle of the Borer Continues in Ohio — An Emerald Ash 40 Borer Update Daniel A. Herms, Amy K. Stone, and Melissa K. Brewer 7 ~ Giant Hogweed: A Hazardous Invasive Weed in Ohio 49 David J. Goerig and David L. Marrison 8 ~ Ohio State University Extension Gateway Learning Gardens 57 2005 Herbaceous Ornamental Field Trial Results Pamela J. Bennett 9 ~ Results of Herbaceous Annual Plant Trial Gardens 64 at the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden, 2005 David E. Dyke, Steve Foltz, and Brian Jorg 10 ~ The Ohio State University Learning Gardens, Pansy/Viola 66 Cultivar Trial, 2004 - 2005 Monica Kmetz-Gonzalez, Annette Duetz, and Claudio Pasian The Ohio State University/Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center 3 11 ~ The Ohio State University Learning Gardens, 74 Osteospermum Cultivar Trial, 2005 Monica Kmetz-Gonzalez, Annette Duetz, and Claudio Pasian 12 ~ 2005 Annual Trials, Columbus Campus, In-Ground Trials 77 Annette Duetz and Claudio Pasian 13 ~ A Collection of Crabapple Knowledge from Secrest 96 Arboretum: 1993–2005 Erik A. Draper, James A. Chatfield and Kenneth D. Cochran 14 ~ Apple Scab on Crabapple at Secrest Arboretum: 2005 117 James A. Chatfield, Erik A. Draper, Daniel A. Herms, and Kenneth D. Cochran 15 ~ Ornamental Crabapple (Malus sp.) Phenology 122 in Southern Ohio Shawn R. Wright, Brad Bergefurd, Joseph F. Boggs, James A. Chatfield, and Lynn Miller 16 ~ Field Evaluation of Various Herbicide and Mulch Combinations 125 for Ornamental Weed Control Hannah M. Mathers and Luke T. Case 17 ~ Field Caliper Tree Production Using 129 Retractable Roof Greenhouse-Grown Liners Hannah M. Mathers, Luke T. Case, Elizabeth S. Grosskurth, and Michele M. Bigger 18 ~ Effects of Fertilization and Mulching on the Ectomycorrhizal 133 Community of Paper Birch in Topsoil and Inverted Subsoil Profiles Joseph H. LaForest, Daniel A. Herms, and Pierluigi Bonello 19 ~ Evaluations of Billbug Control Products in Ohio 141 David J. Shetlar, Daniel Digman, Jennifer Andon, and Wade Pinkston 20 ~ Fungicides Evaluated in 2004 for the Control of Red Thread 148 in Perennial Ryegrass J. W. Rimelspach, T. E. Hicks, and M. J. Boehm 21 ~ Nursery Foliar and Ground Deposition With an Air Blast 150 Sprayer Heping Zhu, Richard C. Derksen, Charles R. Krause, Michael E. Reding, and Randall H. Zondag 4 The Ohio State University/Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center 22 ~ Ohio Pesticide Law: Summary of Changes/Requirements 157 for the Landscape, Lawn, and Nursery Joanne Kick-Raack 23 ~ Dawnredwoods and Secrest Arboretum 166 James A. Chatfield, Anna J. Chatfield, and Kenneth D. Cochran Featuring: The Secrest Dawnredwood Ambassador, Dr. Burney Huff 24 ~ The Ohio Maple Syrup Industry: The People, the Practices, 172 and the Value to Ohio Gary W. Graham, Randall B. Heiligmann, P. Charles Goebel 25 ~ European Hornet (Vespa crabro) 177 Larry G. Steward 26 ~ The Making of a Landscape within Secrest Arboretum 183 Kenneth D. Cochran and James A. Chatfield 27 ~ Ohio State University Extension’s Next STEP Initiative 192 James A. Chatfield, John Conglose, Denise Ellsworth, Timothy J. Malinich, Erik A. Draper, Jack Kerrigan, Kenneth D. Cochran, Davis Sydnor, Drew Todd, Daniel A. Herms, Pamela J. Bennett, Joseph F. Boggs, Amy K. Stone, Dave Civittolo, and Nancy Kukay 28 ~ The Heritage Garden at the Ohio Governor’s Residence 198 Hope R. Taft, Julie F. Stone, and James A. Chatfield The Ohio State University/Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center 5 6 The Ohio State University/Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center ~ 1 ~ Ohio State University Extension Nursery, Landscape, and Turf Team Directory: 2006 Our Vision An Invitation The vision of the Extension Nursery, Membership on the team is based on Landscape, and Turf Team (ENLTT) is interest and commitment to the vision to serve as the University’s partner with and the mission of the team. Potential the green industry to position us for the members are encouraged to participate in future. some of our activities to determine if they would like to become a part of our team. If you are interested in the work of the team, Our Mission please contact any of the team members. The mission of the Extension Nursery, Landscape, and Turf Team, through our interdisciplinary and industry Key ENLTT Activities partnerships, is to improve the process The OSU Extension Nursery Landscape of acquisition, delivery, and support of and Turf Team expresses great appreciation accurate, practical, and timely educational for the generous funding support from the resources. Ohio Nursery and Landscape Association (ONLA) and the continuing support of Ohio State University Extension and the OSU College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences. Directory developed by Jack Kerrigan, Ohio State Some of our key activities and projects as a University Extension, Cuyahoga County. team are listed on the following page. The Ohio State University/Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center 7 Key ENLTT Activities • OSU Nursery Short Course • Buckeye Yard and Garden Line • Pictures/Descriptions for ONLA Landscape Plants and Perennial Plants booklets • OSU Ornamental Plants Special Circular • Text for ONLA‘s Ohio Certified Nursery Technician Manuals and Tests • Develop ONLA‘s Green Industry Economic Survey • ONLA/OSU BackPocket Gardener • Plant Evaluation Trials Throughout Ohio • Pesticide Applicator Training Programs in Ornamentals and Turf • Farm Science Review Utzinger Garden • Buckeye articles and many other publications by ENLTT authors