Haynes Expo Final Report 12-5-Rev

Haynes Expo Final Report 12-5-Rev

The Exposition Light Rail Line Study A Before-and-After Study of the Impact of New Light Rail Transit Service Prepared for: The Haynes Foundation Prepared by: Marlon G. Boarnet (Principal Investigator), Andy Hong, Jeongwoo Lee, Xize Wang, Weijie Wang University of Southern California With Doug Houston, Steven Spears University of California, Irvine Table of Contents Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................................... v I. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... 1 1. Background and research objectives ................................................................................................................................... 1 2. The policy context ................................................................................................................................................................ 2 3. Travel behavior variables .................................................................................................................................................... 3 4. Structure of this report ........................................................................................................................................................ 3 II. Methods and data collection ......................................................................................................................................... 4 1. Expo line background .......................................................................................................................................................... 4 2. Study area selection ............................................................................................................................................................ 5 3. Participant recruitment and data collection ........................................................................................................................ 7 3.1. Before-opening data collection (9/2011-2/2012) ........................................................................................................ 7 3.2. After-opening data collection (9/2012-11/2012) ........................................................................................................ 9 4. Data processing and preparation ........................................................................................................................................ 9 III. Travel impact of Expo line ........................................................................................................................................... 10 1. Sample comparisons – Descriptive statistics ..................................................................................................................... 10 1.1. Socio-demographics ................................................................................................................................................... 10 1.2. Travel outcomes ......................................................................................................................................................... 11 2. Impacts on VMT and other travel variables ...................................................................................................................... 13 2.1. Before-opening differences, experimental versus control groups ............................................................................ 13 2.2. After-opening differences, experimental versus control group ................................................................................. 14 2.3. Changes after opening compared to before opening ................................................................................................ 15 2.4. Robustness check of the VMT analysis ...................................................................................................................... 19 2.5. Comparison of GPS and travel diary .......................................................................................................................... 21 3. Impacts on physical activity ............................................................................................................................................... 23 3.1. Data and research hypotheses ................................................................................................................................... 23 3.2. Descriptive statistics of the physical activity data ..................................................................................................... 24 3.3. Results of the physical activity analysis ..................................................................................................................... 25 3.4. Robustness check of the physical activity analysis .................................................................................................... 29 4. Impacts on emissions ......................................................................................................................................................... 32 4.1. Assumptions and calculation ..................................................................................................................................... 32 4.2. Descriptive statistics of the emissions data ............................................................................................................... 33 4.3. Results of the emissions analysis ............................................................................................................................... 34 4.4. Summary of findings in CO2 emission patterns .......................................................................................................... 39 IV. Land use characteristics of the Expo corridor .............................................................................................................. 40 1. Land use characteristics around the Expo light rail corridor ............................................................................................. 40 1.1. Employment patterns ................................................................................................................................................ 40 1.2. Land use patterns along the Expo line ....................................................................................................................... 41 1.3. Land use characteristics around the station area ...................................................................................................... 45 2. Street environment based on the built environment audit ................................................................................................ 48 2.1. The Irvine Minnesota Inventory ................................................................................................................................. 48 2.2. Characteristics of the built environments .................................................................................................................. 49 i 2.3. Comparison between stations ................................................................................................................................... 50 2.4. Findings of the IMI analysis ........................................................................................................................................ 51 3. Station-area built environment impact on travel outcomes .............................................................................................. 52 3.1. Descriptive statistics of the land use variables .......................................................................................................... 52 3.2. Results of the land use regression analysis ................................................................................................................ 54 3.3. Findings of the built environment analysis ................................................................................................................ 58 V. Summary of the results ................................................................................................................................................ 59 1. Changes and impacts on travel ......................................................................................................................................... 59 2. Land use and street environment along the Expo light rail corridor ................................................................................. 59 3. Future Research Directions ................................................................................................................................................ 60 References ....................................................................................................................................................................... 62 Appendix A: List of households that changed vehicle holdings ......................................................................................... 63 Appendix B: Analysis of the street environments of EXPO line stations ............................................................................ 65 List of Tables Table 1: Census data for Expo line experimental and control areas ..........................................................................................

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