Community Forestry and Tree Management 8048/36 weeks Table of Contents Community Forestry and Tree Management ............................................................................................ 1 Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................... 1 Course Description .................................................................................................................................. 2 Task Essentials Table .............................................................................................................................. 3 Curriculum Framework ........................................................................................................................... 5 Exploring Leadership Skills and FFA Membership .................................................................................. 5 Exploring Community Forestry and Its Benefits ...................................................................................... 9 Classifying and Identifying Trees .......................................................................................................... 14 Explaining Tree Biology........................................................................................................................ 17 Examining Environmental Factors that Influence Tree Growth .............................................................. 19 Exploring Management of Trees in Urbanized Areas ............................................................................. 22 Examining Tree Care Safety .................................................................................................................. 26 Maintaining and Caring for Trees .......................................................................................................... 33 Describing the Removal and Utilization of Trees ................................................................................... 36 Investigating Tree Disorders .................................................................................................................. 38 Exploring Pests and Diseases ................................................................................................................. 41 Exploring Careers in Community Forestry and Tree Management.......................................................... 47 SOL Correlation by Task ....................................................................................................................... 49 Teacher Resources ................................................................................................................................. 51 Appendix: Credentials, Course Sequences, and Career Cluster Information........................................... 55 Acknowledgments • Joel Koci, Associate Extension Specialist of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Virginia State University, Petersburg • William Mays, Instructor, Amherst County High School, Amherst County Public Schools 1 • Andy Seibel, Associate Extension Specialist, Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg • Dr. Tom Tracy, Executive Director, Virginia Turfgrass Council, Virginia Beach • Dr. Eric Wiseman, Associate Professor, Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg Correlations to the Virginia Standards of Learning were reviewed and updated by the following: • Leslie R. Bowers, English Teacher (ret.), Newport News Public Schools • Vickie L. Inge, Mathematics Committee Member, Virginia Mathematics and Science Coalition • Anne F. Markwith, New Teacher Mentor (Science), Gloucester County Public Schools • Michael L. Nagy, Social Studies Department Chair, Rustburg High School, Campbell County Public Schools The framework was edited and produced by the CTE Resource Center: • Heather A. Widener, Writer/Editor • Kevin P. Reilly, Administrative Coordinator Virginia Department of Education Staff LaVeta Nutter, Specialist, Agricultural Education and Related Clusters Dr. J. Anthony Williams, Curriculum and Instruction Coordinator Dr. David S. Eshelman, Director, Workforce Development and Initiatives George R. Willcox, Director, Operations and Accountability Office of Career, Technical, and Adult Education Virginia Department of Education Copyright © 2021 Course Description Suggested Grade Level: 11 or 12 While exploring the community forestry and tree management industry, students will learn the value, benefit, costs, and risks associated with trees and forests in urban, suburban, and rural communities. Course content will include the ecology and biology of trees in human-driven systems and their management and conservation. Students will participate in supervised agricultural experiences (SAEs), leadership opportunities, and will investigate career opportunities and postsecondary options. As noted in Superintendent's Memo #058-17 (2-28-2017) (https://www.doe.virginia.gov/administrators/superintendents_memos/2017/058-17.shtml), this 2 Career and Technical Education (CTE) course must maintain a maximum pupil-to-teacher ratio of 20 students to one teacher, due to safety regulations. The 2016-2018 biennial budget waiver of the teacher-to-pupil ratio staffing requirement does not apply. Task Essentials Table • Tasks/competencies designated by plus icons ( ) in the left-hand column(s) are essential. • Tasks/competencies designated by empty-circle icons ( ) are optional. • Tasks/competencies designated by minus icons ( ) are omitted. • Tasks marked with an asterisk (*) are sensitive. Task Task No. Exploring Leadership Skills through FFA 39 Identify the role of supervised agricultural experiences (SAEs) in agricultural education. 40 Participate in an SAE. 41 Identify the benefits and responsibilities of FFA membership. 42 Describe leadership characteristics and opportunities as they relate to agriculture and FFA. 43 Apply for an FFA degree and/or an agricultural proficiency award. Exploring Community Forestry and Its Benefits 44 Define terms related to community forestry. 45 Compare aspects of the rural-urban continuum. 46 Identify stakeholders of community forestry and tree management. 47 Identify trade-offs involved when managing trees and forests. 48 Explain the value of trees. 49 Explain the economic value of trees. Classifying and Identifying Trees 50 Describe the ways trees are classified and named. 51 Identify native and nonnative tree species. Explaining Tree Biology 52 Explain the anatomy of trees. 53 Explain the physiology of trees. 54 Determine the age and growth rate of a tree. Examining Environmental Factors that Influence Tree Growth 55 Explain the environmental factors that influence tree growth. 56 Explain site factors affecting the establishment of trees in a developed area. 57 Explain the genetic characteristics of tree species that are able to thrive in urban areas. 58 Describe the desirable and undesirable characteristics of trees for specific urban landscape types. 3 Task Task No. Exploring Management of Trees in Urbanized Areas 59 Compare the site characteristics of various urbanized areas where trees grow. 60 Create a landscape plan that incorporates trees. 61 Evaluate a landscape plan that incorporates trees. 62 Evaluate a land development plan that may affect trees and other natural resources. 63 Interpret community forestry plans. Examining Tree Care Safety 64 Describe safety considerations for tree care. 65 Comply with federal, state, and local safety and legal requirements in the operation of all tools, machinery, and equipment. 66 Operate machinery and equipment. 67 Maintain equipment and machinery according to manufacturer recommendations. 68 Identify the parts of a chain saw. 69 Explain procedures for felling trees. 70 Explain bucking and limbing techniques to ensure worker safety. 71 Outline procedures for supervising the loading and unloading of logs. 72 Interpret pesticide labels. 73 Interpret safety data sheets (SDS). Maintaining and Caring for Trees 74 Explain the benefits of tree maintenance. 75 Identify conditions that signal a need for tree care. 76 Describe various types of tree care. 77 Describe common maintenance and risk management strategies used to mitigate tree nuisances and hazards. Describing the Removal and Utilization of Trees 78 Describe tree removal. 79 Identify suitability of trees for post-removal utilization. 80 Explain how urban trees can be used after removal. Investigating Tree Disorders 81 Identify types of tree disorders. 82 Identify types of tree stressors. 83 Describe the consequences of acute and chronic tree stressors. 84 Diagnose tree disorders. Exploring Pests and Diseases 85 Identify tree pathogens that serve as disease agents in Virginia's common trees. 86 Identify signs and symptoms of tree disease. 87 Explain how tree diseases are transmitted. 88 Explain the importance of sanitation in preventing tree diseases and disease management. 89 Identify categories of pests. 90 Describe conditions that encourage pest infestation. 4 Task Task No. 91 Identify signs and symptoms of an insect infestation. 92 Evaluate pest damage to trees in urban forests, and how this affects ecosystem services. 93 Explain IPM. 94 Explain management concerns related to non-insect pests. Exploring Careers in Community Forestry and Tree Management 95 Identify career opportunities in community forestry and tree management. 96 Research postsecondary education requirements for careers related to community forestry and