The District Council of Mount Barker DC MOUNT BARKER HERITAGE SURVEY Part 1: Heritage Analysis, Zones & Inventory Heritage Online Anna Pope & Claire Booth DC MOUNT BARKER HERITAGE SURVEY (2004) Part 1 Heritage Analysis, Zones & Inventory Part 2 State Heritage Recommendations Part 3 Local Heritage Recommendations: Biggs Flat to Hahndorf Part 4 Local Heritage Recommendations: Harrogate to Meadows Part 5 Local Heritage Recommendations: Mount Barker to Wistow Commissioned by: The District Council of Mount Barker Authors: Anna Pope Claire Booth Front cover photographs (all taken 2003-04): View towards Mount Barker summit from the cemetery of St James’ Anglican Church, Blakiston Bremer mine - proposed Callington State Heritage Area Callington Bridge - proposed Callington State Heritage Area Paechtown 2003 - proposed Historic (Conservation) Zone Macclesfield bridge from Catholic precinct - proposed Macclesfield State Heritage Area Schneemilch barn - Hahndorf State Heritage Area Mount Barker Heritage Survey (2004) ~ Part 1 Contents PART 1 ~ Summary Of Recommendations & Inventory CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................1 1.1 Background............................................................................................................1 1.2 Objectives ..............................................................................................................1 1.3 Study Area .............................................................................................................1 1.4 Methodology ..........................................................................................................2 1.4.1 Literature Review ...............................................................................................2 1.4.2 Inventory ............................................................................................................4 1.4.3 Historical research .............................................................................................4 1.4.4 Community consultation .....................................................................................5 1.4.5 Fieldwork ............................................................................................................5 1.4.6 Recommendations .............................................................................................5 2 HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE .....................................................................................17 2.1 Early settlement ...................................................................................................17 2.1.1 Natural Environment ........................................................................................17 2.1.2 Aboriginal occupation.......................................................................................17 2.1.3 Early identification & exploration (European, from 1830) .................................17 2.1.4 Early pastoral activity & farming (from 1838) ...................................................18 2.1.5 Survey & settlement (from 1839) ......................................................................18 2.1.6 Agriculture ........................................................................................................18 2.2 Structure & Infrastructure.....................................................................................19 2.2.1 The first town, Hahndorf (from 1839) ...............................................................19 2.2.2 Nairne (1839) ...................................................................................................20 2.2.3 The earliest towns ............................................................................................20 2.2.4 The mining towns .............................................................................................20 2.2.5 Other significant towns and settlements ..........................................................21 2.2.6 Transport & communications............................................................................21 2.2.7 Building construction ........................................................................................22 2.2.8 Water supply ....................................................................................................23 2.3 Primary & Secondary Industries ..........................................................................23 2.3.1 Milling ...............................................................................................................23 2.3.2 Mining ..............................................................................................................23 2.3.3 Smelting (see mining) ......................................................................................24 2.3.4 Dairy industry ...................................................................................................24 2.3.5 Tanning ............................................................................................................24 2.3.6 Pigs & smallgoods ............................................................................................24 2.3.7 Brickmaking ......................................................................................................25 2.3.8 Foundries .........................................................................................................25 2.3.9 Forestry ............................................................................................................25 2.4 Government & organisation .................................................................................25 2.4.1 Local government .............................................................................................25 2.4.2 Law & order ......................................................................................................26 Anna Pope & Claire Booth ~ Heritage Online iii Mount Barker Heritage Survey (2004) ~ Part 1 Contents 2.5 Commerce ........................................................................................................... 27 2.5.1 Hotels .............................................................................................................. 27 2.5.2 Shops .............................................................................................................. 27 2.5.3 Banks............................................................................................................... 28 2.6 Religion ............................................................................................................... 28 2.7 Education ............................................................................................................ 31 2.7.1 Private schools ................................................................................................ 31 2.7.2 Public schools ................................................................................................. 31 2.7.3 Secondary education ....................................................................................... 32 2.7.4 Kindergartens .................................................................................................. 32 2.8 Society & culture ................................................................................................. 32 2.8.1 German Heritage ............................................................................................. 32 2.8.2 Cornish Heritage ............................................................................................. 33 2.8.3 English & Scottish Heritage ............................................................................. 33 2.8.4 Irish Heritage ................................................................................................... 33 2.8.5 Institutes .......................................................................................................... 33 2.8.6 Fine art ............................................................................................................ 33 2.8.7 Music ............................................................................................................... 34 2.8.8 Friendly societies ............................................................................................ 34 2.9 Significant people ............................................................................................... 34 2.10 Later development .............................................................................................. 34 2.10.1 Military activity ............................................................................................. 34 3 INVENTORY & RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................... 37 3.1 State Heritage Places ......................................................................................... 37 3.1.1 Existing State Heritage Places recommended for retention in the SHR .......... 37 3.1.2 Existing State Heritage Places recommended for removal from the SHR ....... 39 3.1.3 Existing SHPs recommended for changed registration in the SHR ................. 39 3.1.4 Additional places recommended for inclusion in the SHR ............................... 39 3.2 State Heritage Areas ........................................................................................... 40 3.2.1 Current State Heritage Areas .........................................................................