ENGLISH CONTENTS (for Color Plates, see pages 27–50) Participants ............................................................................ 174 Apéndices/Appendices (1) Geological Formations ....................................................... 296 Institutional Profiles ............................................................... 178 (2) Water Samples ................................................................... 300 Acknowledgments ................................................................... 182 (3) Vascular Plants .................................................................. 304 Mission and Approach ............................................................ 186 (4) Fish Sampling Stations ....................................................... 330 (5) Fishes ................................................................................ 332 Report at a Glance .................................................................. 187 (6) Amphibians and Reptiles ................................................... 346 Why Ere-Campuya-Algodón?.................................................... 198 (7) Birds ................................................................................. 362 Conservation Targets .............................................................. 199 (8) Large and Medium-sized Mammals ................................... 374 Assets and Opportunities ........................................................ 202 (9) Commonly Used Plants ...................................................... 380 Threats ................................................................................... 205 (10) Commonly Used Animals ................................................ 390 Recommendations .................................................................. 208 Literature Cited....................................................................... 393 Technical Report ..................................................................... 213 Published Reports .................................................................. 403 Regional Panorama and Sites Visited ....................................... 213 Biological Inventory Geology, Hydrology, and Soils ............................................. 221 Vegetation and Flora ........................................................... 231 Fishes .................................................................................. 243 Amphibians and Reptiles ..................................................... 251 Birds ................................................................................... 257 Mammals ............................................................................ 263 Social Inventory Communities Visited: Social and Cultural Assets ................. 268 Natural Resource Use, Traditional Ecological Knowledge, and Quality of Life .......................................................... 279 PERÚ: ERE-CAMPUYA-ALGODÓN DICIEMBRE/DECEMBER 2013 173 PARTICIPANTS TEAM Diana (Tita) Alvira Reyes (social inventory) Max H. Hidalgo (fishes) Science and Education Museo de Historia Natural The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos [email protected] Lima, Peru [email protected] Gonzalo Bullard (field logistics) Independent consultant Isau Huamantupa (plants) Lima, Peru Herbario Vargas (CUZ) [email protected] Universidad Nacional San Antonio de Abad Cusco, Peru Álvaro del Campo (coordination, photography) [email protected] Science and Education The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Dario Hurtado Cárdenas (transportation logistics) [email protected] Peruvian National Police Lima, Peru Jachson Coquinche Butuna (field logistics) [email protected] Instituto del Bien Común San Antonio del Estrecho, Peru Mark Johnston (cartography) [email protected] Science and Education The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Nállarett Dávila (plants) [email protected] Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas, SP, Brazil Guillermo Knell (field logistics) [email protected] Ecologística Perú Lima, Peru Robin B. Foster (plants) [email protected] Science and Education www.ecologisticaperu.com The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA [email protected] Cristina López Wong (mammals) Derecho, Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (DAR) Giussepe Gagliardi Urrutia (amphibians and reptiles) Iquitos, Peru Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP) [email protected] Iquitos, Peru [email protected] Bolívar Lucitante Mendua (cook) The Cofan community of Zábalo Julio Grandez (field logistics) Sucumbíos, Ecuador Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana Iquitos, Peru [email protected] 174 RAPID BIOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL INVENTORIES INFORME/REPORT NO. 25 Javier Maldonado (fishes) Roberto Quispe Chuquihuamaní (fishes) Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Museo de Historia Natural Bogotá, Colombia Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos [email protected] Lima, Peru [email protected] Jonathan A. Markel (cartography) Science and Education Marcos Ríos Paredes (plants) The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Servicios de Biodiversidad [email protected] Iquitos, Peru [email protected] Margarita Medina-Müller (social inventory) Instituto del Bien Común Benjamín Rodríguez Grandez (social inventory) Iquitos, Peru Federación de Comunidades Nativas Fronterizas del Putumayo [email protected] (FECONAFROPU) San Antonio del Estrecho, Peru Norma Mendua (cook) [email protected] The Cofan community of Zábalo Sucumbíos, Ecuador Ernesto Ruelas Inzunza (birds, coordination) Science and Education Italo Mesones (field logistics) The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana [email protected] Iquitos, Peru [email protected] Ana Rosa Sáenz Rodríguez (social inventory) Instituto del Bien Común María Elvira Molano (social inventory) Iquitos, Peru U.S. Department of the Interior [email protected] Bogotá, Colombia [email protected] Galia Selaya (social inventory) Science and Education Federico Pardo (photography and video) The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Trópico Media [email protected] Bogotá, Colombia [email protected] Richard Chase Smith (coordination) Instituto del Bien Común Mario Pariona (social inventory) Lima, Peru Science and Education [email protected] The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA [email protected] PERÚ: ERE-CAMPUYA-ALGODÓN DICIEMBRE/DECEMBER 2013 175 Participants (continued) Pablo Soria Ruiz (advisor) Tyana Wachter (general logistics) Proyecto Especial Binacional de Desarrollo Integral Science and Education de la Cuenca del Río Putumayo The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Iquitos, Peru [email protected] [email protected] Alaka Wali (social inventory advisor) Robert F. Stallard (geology) Science and Education Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Panama City, Panama [email protected] [email protected] Douglas F. Stotz (birds) COLLABORATORS Science and Education The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Comunidad Nativa Atalaya [email protected] Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru William Trujillo Calderón (plants) Comunidad Nativa Ere Universidad de la Amazonía Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru Florencia, Caquetá, Colombia Comunidad Nativa Flor de Agosto [email protected] Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru Pablo Venegas Ibáñez (amphibians and reptiles) Comunidad Nativa Santa Mercedes Centro de Ornitología y Biodiversidad Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru Lima, Peru Campuya, annex of Comunidad Nativa Santa Mercedes [email protected] Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru Aldo Villanueva (field logistics) Comunidad Nativa 8 de Diciembre Ecologística Perú Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru Lima, Peru Comunidad Nativa Nueva Venecia [email protected] Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru www.ecologisticaperu.com Comunidad Nativa Nuevo San Juan Corine Vriesendorp (coordination, plants) Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru Science and Education Comunidad Nativa Puerto Arturo The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru [email protected] Comunidad Nativa Puerto Limón Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru 176 RAPID BIOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL INVENTORIES INFORME/REPORT NO. 25 Comunidad Nativa San Francisco Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru Puerto Alegre, annex of Comunidad Nativa San Francisco Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru Comunidad Nativa Santa Lucía Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru Comunidad Nativa Soledad Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru Las Colinas, annex of Comunidad Nativa Yabuyanos Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru Cedrito, annex of Comunidad Nativa Yabuyanos Putumayo River, Loreto, Peru Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP) Iquitos, Peru Regional Office of the U. S. Department of the Interior (DOI) Bogotá, Colombia Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogotá, Colombia Servicio Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas por el Estado (SERNANP) Lima, Peru Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) Panama City, Panama PERÚ: ERE-CAMPUYA-ALGODÓN DICIEMBRE/DECEMBER 2013 177 INSTITUTIONAL PROFILES The Field Museum Federación de Comunidades Nativas Fronterizas del Putumayo (FECONAFROPU) The Field Museum is a research and educational institution with FECONAFROPU is a non-profit organization founded on exhibits open to the public and collections that reflect the natural 5 April 1991 and based in San Antonio del Estrecho, Loreto, Peru. and cultural diversity of the world. Its work in science and It currently brings together 32 indigenous communities and annexes education—exploring