DEUTSCHE GEODÄTISCHE KOMMISSION bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Reihe E Geschichte und Entwicklung der Geodäsie Heft Nr. 30 Dierk Hobbie The development of photogrammetric instruments and methods at Carl Zeiss in Oberkochen München 2010 Verlag der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Kommission beim Verlag C. H. Beck ISSN 0065-5341 ISBN 978-3-7696-9673-8 DEUTSCHE GEODÄTISCHE KOMMISSION bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Reihe E Geschichte und Entwicklung der Geodäsie Heft Nr. 30 Dierk Hobbie The development of photogrammetric instruments and methods at Carl Zeiss in Oberkochen München 2010 Verlag der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Kommission beim Verlag C. H. Beck ISSN 0065-5341 ISBN 978-3-7696-9673-8 Adresse der Deutschen Geodätischen Kommission: Deutsche Geodätische Kommission Alfons-Goppel-Straße 11 ! D – 80 539 München Telefon (089) 23 031 -1113 ! Telefax (089) 23 031 -1283/ -1100 E-mail [email protected] ! http://dgk.badw.de Adresse des Autors: Dr. Dierk Hobbie Fliederweg 7 • D-89551 Königsbronn e-mail [email protected] Acknowledgement For the valuable support in writing this English edition of the publication DGK - E 30 "Die Entwicklung photogrammetrischer Verfahren und Instrumente bei CARL ZEISS in Oberkochen" I want to express my great thanks to Ernie Wickens © 2010 Deutsche Geodätische Kommission, München Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Ohne Genehmigung der Herausgeber ist es auch nicht gestattet, die Veröffentlichung oder Teile daraus auf photomechanischem Wege (Photokopie, Mikrokopie) zu vervielfältigen ISSN 0065-5341 ISBN 978-3-7696-9673-8 3 Table of content 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 5 2. Pre-war history ........................................................................................................................................ 5 3. Restart in Oberkochen ............................................................................................................................ 6 4. Reconstruction ......................................................................................................................................... 7 4.1 Stereoscopes and aerial sketchmaster................................................................................................................ 7 4.2 Radial slot cutters.............................................................................................................................................. 8 4.3 Laboratory equipment ....................................................................................................................................... 8 4.4 STEREOPLANIGRAPH ........................................................................................................................................ 10 5. New designs for pre-war ideas.............................................................................................................. 12 5.1 STEREOTOP ...................................................................................................................................................... 12 5.2 SEG rectifier.................................................................................................................................................... 13 5.3 RMK 21/18 with TOPAR 4/210 .................................................................................................................... 16 5.4 RMK 15/23 with PLEOGON 5,6/153............................................................................................................ 17 5.5 S 2 c statoscope .............................................................................................................................................. 18 5.6 REDUKTOR....................................................................................................................................................... 18 6. New developments after 1956 ............................................................................................................... 19 7. Aerial photography ............................................................................................................................... 20 7.1 RMK-family with A-characteristics................................................................................................................ 20 7.2 RMK A 8,5/23 super-wide angle camera........................................................................................................ 22 7.3 Accessories for camera & flight control.......................................................................................................... 22 7.4 RMK A in space............................................................................................................................................. 25 7.5 Image motion compensation ........................................................................................................................... 28 7.6 RMK TOP and T-AS ...................................................................................................................................... 28 7.7 T-FLIGHT photo flight navigation.................................................................................................................... 32 7.8 DMC digital modular camera.......................................................................................................................... 33 7.9 Camera calibration .......................................................................................................................................... 35 8. Rectifiers & Orthophoto equipment.................................................................................................... 37 8.1 GIGAS ZEISS orthoprojector (GZ 1)................................................................................................................. 38 8.2 Optical interpolation for the GZ 1................................................................................................................... 40 8.3 Mapping terrain height with the GZ 1............................................................................................................. 41 8.4 EC 5 correlator from ITEK .............................................................................................................................. 43 8.5 ORTHO-3-PROJECTOR ...................................................................................................................................... 44 8.6 Z 2 ORTHOCOMP ............................................................................................................................................. 45 8.7 HIFI program package ................................................................................................................................... 48 8.8 PHODIS-OP ...................................................................................................................................................... 48 9. Comparators & Point marking devices............................................................................................... 49 9.1 Recording of coordinates ................................................................................................................................ 49 9.2 PSK precision stereocomparator .................................................................................................................... 55 9.3 PK 1 precision comparator.............................................................................................................................. 58 9.4 Point marking devices ..................................................................................................................................... 60 4 10. Analogue stereoplotters & graphic accessories............................................................................... 61 10.1 Development of prototypes 1960 – 1963 ........................................................................................................ 62 10.2 DP double projector ....................................................................................................................................... 64 10.3 PLANIMAT........................................................................................................................................................ 66 10.4 PLANICART ...................................................................................................................................................... 69 10.5 PLANITOP......................................................................................................................................................... 70 10.6 Graphical plotting............................................................................................................................................ 72 10.7 Acquisition of graphical data .......................................................................................................................... 79 11. Analytical stereoplotters ................................................................................................................... 83 11.1 STEREOCORD ................................................................................................................................................... 83 11.2 C 100 PLANICOMP..........................................................................................................................................