National Aeronautics and Space Administration HUMAN RESEARCH PROGRAM SEEKING KNOWLEDGE FY2015 ANNUAL REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS Human Research Program Overview ................................................................... 01 }}Background }}Goal and Objectives }}Program Organization }}Partnerships and Collaborations Major Program-Wide Accomplishments ...............................................................07 International Space Station Medical Projects Element .......................................... 13 Space Radiation Element ...................................................................................... 25 Human Health Countermeasures Element ........................................................... 31 }}Vision and Cardiovascular Portfolio }}Exercise and Performance Portfolio }}Multisystem Portfolio }}Bone and Occupant Protection Portfolio }}Technology and Infrastructure Portfolio Exploration Medical Capability Element .............................................................. 45 Space Human Factors and Habitability Element .................................................. 53 }}Advanced Environmental Health Portfolio }}Advanced Food Technology Portfolio }}Space Human Factors Engineering Portfolio Behavioral Health and Performance Element ....................................................... 63 }}Sleep/Fatigue Portfolio }}Behavioral Medicine Portfolio }}Team Risk Portfolio Engagement and Communications ....................................................................... 71 Publications ..........................................................................................................77 i OVERVIEW Background missions which will ultimately reduce risks to crew Crew health and performance are critical to successful health and performance. human exploration beyond low Earth orbit. Hazards include physiologic effects from radiation, hypograv- Goal and Objectives ity, and planetary environments, as well as unique challenges associated with the distance from Earth. The goal of the Human Research Program is to The scientists and engineers of the Human Research provide human health and performance counter- Program (HRP) investigate and reduce the greatest measures, knowledge, technologies, and tools to risks to human health and performance, and provide enable safe, reliable, and productive human space essential countermeasures and technologies for hu- exploration. The specific objectives of the HRP are: man space exploration. HRP delivers products and strategies to protect the 1) Develop capabilities, necessary counter- health and safety of spaceflight crews and increase measures, and technologies in support of their productivity while living and working in human space exploration, focusing on miti- space. Research is performed onboard the Interna- gating the highest risks to crew health and tional Space Station (ISS), on the ground in analog performance. Enable the definition and im- environments that have features similar to those of provement of human spaceflight medical, spaceflight, and in laboratory environments. Data environmental and human factors standards. from these experiments further the understanding of how the space environment affects the human system. These research results contribute to scientific knowl- 2) Develop technologies that serve to reduce med- edge and technology developments that address the ical and environmental risks, to reduce human sys- human health and performance risks from exposure tems resource requirements (mass, volume, power, to the hazards of exploration missions. data, etc.) and to ensure effective human-system integration across exploration mission systems. As shown in this report, HRP continues to make significant progress toward developing medical care and countermeasure systems for space exploration 3) Ensure maintenance of Agency core compe- 1 OVERVIEW tencies necessary to enable risk reduction in the in the design, development, and operation of techno- following areas: space medicine, physiological logical systems for exploration missions. and behavioral effects of long duration space- flight on the human body, space environmental Organizationally, HRP resides within the HEOMD; effects, including radiation, on human health however, the management of HRP is located at the and performance and space human factors. Johnson Space Center and work is performed across multiple participating NASA centers. The HRP Pro- Program Organization gram Manager and Deputy Manager lead all aspects of the program and the HRP Chief Scientist and The HRP’s organization is designed to support the Deputy Chief Scientist lead the science management goals of the Human Exploration and Operations and coordination. Mission Directorate (HEOMD) and NASA’s Office of the Chief Health and Medical Officer (OCHMO). As shown in the chart below, two offices support pro- To that end, HRP conducts research and develops gram, science and business management and provide technology that enables the OCHMO to establish integration across the Program. The Program Science and maintain NASA-wide human health and per- Management Office (PSMO), and the Program Busi- formance standards. Furthermore, HRP provides ness Management Office provide coordination of HEOMD with methods of meeting those standards HRP activities across all Program components. Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate (AA) Office of the Chief Scientist Office of the Chief Health & Medical Officer Office of the Chief (OCHMO) Technologist (OCT) Space Life & Physical Sciences Research & HQ Applications Division Centers Human Research Program HRP Control Board (HRP) (HRPCB) Program Manager Deputy Program Manager Science Management Chief Scientist Panel (SMP) Deputy Chief Scientist National Space Biomedical Research Institute Program Science Program Business (NSBRI) Management Office (PSMO) Management Office Director/Scientist Manager/Deputy Manager Manager/Deputy Manager Behavioral Health Human Health Space Human Factors Space Radiation Exploration ISS Medical and Performance Countermeasures and Habitability (SR) Medical Capability Projects (BHP) (HHC) (SHFH) Manager/Scientist (ExMC) (ISSMP) Manager/Scientist Manager/Scientist Manager/Scientist Manager/Scientist Manager/Scientist 2 OVERVIEW The PSMO maintains scientific integrity of the HRP’s based analogs. The research Elements include: Space research, reviews and integrates science tasks, reviews Radiation, Human Health Countermeasures, Ex- the prioritization and implementation of flight and ploration Medical Capability, Space Human Factors ground analog tasks, communicates research needs and Habitability, and Behavioral Health and Perfor- to other NASA programs and cultivates strategic mance. These Elements provide the HRP’s knowledge research partnerships with other domestic and inter- and capabilities to conduct research to address human national agencies. The Program Business Manage- health and performance risks of spaceflight, and they ment Office maintains all business functions for the advance the readiness levels of technology and coun- Program, providing budget planning, integration and termeasures to the point where they can be trans- coordination with the HEOMD and across all Pro- ferred to the customer programs and organizations. gram components. As shown below, the HRP is a multi-center program, with research being performed across the nation. There are six Elements that comprise the Program and are focused to accomplish specific goals for investi- Each research Element consists of related portfolios, gating and mitigating the highest risks to astronaut projects and research tasks focused toward develop- health and performance. Of the six, five are research ing products that reduce the highest risks in that area. Elements and one, the International Space Station To learn more about the HRP Elements, please visit: Medical Project, is a service element which provides http://www.nasa.gov/hrp/elements. the other Elements access to the ISS and ground- HRP Participating Centers and Grants by State for FY2015 Ames Research Center (ARC) Exploration Medical Capability Human Health Countermeasures ISS Medical Projects Space Human Factors & Habitability WA Space Radiation 3/3* NH Glenn Research Center (GRC) MN Exploration Medical Capability OR N Y 3/2 4/4 WI 16/13 MA Human Health Countermeasures 3/3 NJ 2/2 MI 22/16 8/6 1/1 Langley Research Center (LaRC) P A MD 17/8 Space Radiation OH 11/9 Exploration Medical Capability IL 10/10 UT 2/ 2 VA DC 1/1 CO 5/ 4 NASA Headquarters (HQ) CA KS 3/2 Advocacy 9/7 46/36 3/1 NC International Agreements 6/ 5 AZ AR SC Johnson Space Center (JSC) 3/3 1/1 GA 1/1 Behavioral Health & Performance Exploration Medical Capability 8/7 TX Human Health Countermeasures ISS Medical Projects 105/69 Space Human Factors & Habitability HI FL Space Radiation 2/1 9/ 7 Kennedy Space Center (KSC) *x/y = # of Grants / # of PIs ISS Medical Projects Space Human Factors & Habitability 307 Grants to 226 PIs in 29 states 3 OVERVIEW Partnerships and Collaborations The HRP also maintains collaborative relationships with international partners through various work- The HRP has a long history of collaborative work ing groups. These relationships enhance the research with universities, hospitals, and federal and interna- capabilities of all partners and provide synergism of tional agencies for the purpose of sharing research research efforts. facilities and multi-user hardware, and cooperation on research tasks of mutual interest. For more than a decade,